
Class. 
Book 



.. 



1 



A MANUAL 

OF THE s 

i THREE FIRST DEGREES 

OF 

j FREEMASONRY. 

WITH 

j AN INTBODITCTORY KEY-STONE 

TO THE 

; ROYAL ARCH. 

By RICHARD CARLILE. 







NEW YORK: 

WILLIAM GO WANS. 



1860. 



, C Z 8 



\SV^ 




THE KEY-STON£. 

OF 

THE EOYAL ARCH. 



If we make ourselves acquainted with all that Masons 
know of their Freemasonry, we shall find a blank, and that, in 
fact, they know nothing worthy of being called a secret. I 
am of opinion, that nothing useful to be known should be 
made a secret, and that there is nothing of the kind a secret 
among mankind. I hold, that the mere profession of having 
such a secret is a vice. Tho question reasonably arises, why 
should it be a secret ? Of Freemasons, I boldly say, that they 
have no secret ; but there is a secret connected with their as- 
sociation, and they have not known it. The late Godfrey 
Higgins once observed to me, without explanation, that there 
were but two Masons in England — himself and the Duke of 
Sussex. I put in a claim to be a third. He asked me to ex- 
plain, on the condition that he was not to commit himself by 
any observation. I did so, as here set forth. He smiled and 
withdrew. The secret is now out. I will clear up the doubt 
nnd difficulty, and teach Masonry to Masons. 

The following forms of opening, working, and closing 



lodges, are literally and truly the formularies of the three 
common degrees in Masonic Lodges, or that secret system 
vhich is called Craft Masonry. It has been communicated to 
me by Masons ; it has been confirmed by other Masons ; it 
has been the Standard Manual of Masonry, since it was first 
published in " The Republican," in 1825 ; it has made many 
Masons : without the lodge initiation, and, by its direction, I 
have been assured, that men who were never in a lodge have 
successfully and profitably taught practical masonry. The 
higher degrees form the subject of other volumes. They are 
not common ; are denominated orders of chivalry ; and but 
very few Masons go beyond the Royal Arch Degree. 

The great subject of masonry is Solomon's Temple. The 
two first secret words are Boaz and Jachin, the pillars of the 
porch of that temple. Through all the masonic degrees, an- 
cient or modern, the subject continues to be a dark develop- 
ment of the building of the temple. I am about to throw light 
upon it. My historical researches have taught me, that that 
which has been called Solomon's Temple never existed upon 
earth : that a nation of people called Israelites never existed 
*ipon earth : and that the supposed history of Israelites 
and their temple is nothing more than an allegory re- 
lating to the mystery of physics generally, and the moral 
culture of the human mind. Hence the real secret of 
masonry. 

The word tetnpk is derived from the Latin word tempzis, 
time; and, thereto^, the aaci&it structures called temples, 
were, in reality, intended to be records of time and archives of 
human knowledge. Such institutions would have been a great 
benefit to mankind ; but the veil of superstition was thrown 
over them ; it was deemed politic or profitable to the few to 
deceive the many ; that which should have been a simple re- 
cord of fact was worked up into an allegory : there arose an 
esoteric doctrine for those initiated in the secrets of the 



temple, and a deceptious exoteric doctrine for the mul- 
titude ; and this was the origin of a priesthood ; this the 
lamentable change from science to priestcraft; this the 
secret of Freemasonry, the key of the mysteries of the 
Christian religion, and the basis of Judaism. Judaism^ 
Christianity, and Freemasonry, are, in principle, one and 
the same, as to secret origin, and mystery. Let us en- 
deavour to turn the stream; to go from priestcraft to 
science, from mystery to knowledge, from allegory to real 
history. 

But for planetary motion, there could have been no divi- 
sion 'of time. The relations of the sun to the planets and 
fixed stars, make up all the natural divisions of time ; 
such as the day, the month, the year, and the corresponding 
seasons. The day is marked by the motion of the earth 
on its own axis. The month (lunar) by the appearances 
of the moon ; and (solar or calendar) by the grouping of 
stars into twelve divisions, which are called the Zodiac, 
pictorially marked by signs, and seen opposite to the 
solar side of the earth, in the successive months. The 
year is complete when the sun appears to return to a 
given spot from which it is said to start. The polar 
motions of the earth cause the sun to appear in a state 
of birth, growth, maturity, decay, and death, in the course 
of a year, producing our seasons. These appearances have 
been poetically allegorized and personified; and hence all 
that has been invented about god or gods, about new-born 
god, living god, dying god, descending god, resurrection 
god, ascending god. There is no plain historical truth, no 
revelation, about god, in existence, other than those of the 
relations of the sun to the planets and stars, in physics, 
and the cultivation of the human mind in morals. All 
other such pretensions to history may be historically dis- 
proved. We are prepared with historical disproofs of th? 






existence of such a people as Israelites or Jews as a nation. 
They were a religious or philosophical sect, who had been 
made adepts in the higher Pagan Mysteries : a sect anion?, na- 
tions ; but not a nation among sects. 

Our common temples, like those of the ancients, have gene- 
rally, and only with a few modern exceptions/ been built due 
east and west, in respect to the rising and setting of the sun. 
The steeples have been conical emblems of flame, which is 
again emblematical of the sun. Etymology will carry every 
word connected with religion back to primitive sun-worship 
and mental cultivation. The emblems of the most ancient tem- 
pies of which wp have ruins, are emblems of time, of plane- 
tejr bodies, their motions and relations, and of sun-worship, 
&c It is therefore calling for no great stretch of jhe imagina- 
tion, for no strange credulity, to call for the admission, that the 
first temples were dedicated to the sun ; that the first princi- 
ples of religion consisted of a scientific record of the sun's an- 
nual path through the signs of the Zodiac, with other then 
known science ; and that the first efforts of priestly and cun- 
ning men would be to deceive the vulgar upon this subject, 
to preach the reality of the personified god, which science for- 
bad, and the existence of which the princioles of matter or of 
nature rendered impossible. 

When man began to make God like himself, he began also 
to give God a dwelling-place, such as he found or could make 
on earth. The first temples that were imagined by ingenuity 
were temples in the heavens, time marked by planetary parti- 
tions. Thus we read of the New Jerusalem coming down from 
heaven as a dwelling-place for the saints of the earth. The 
seven crunches of Asia were seven imaginary temples in hea- 
ven, reduced to a figurative tale, and then imitated on earth. 
Thus again, that which is called the building of the first Solo- 
mon's Temple never took place on earth ; but the story of the 
temple was fabricated ; and the first Jewish historian we have 



(Josephus) allows that it was allegorical and emblematical t " 
the universe, or of all the physical phenomena. The true, 
meaning, then, of the building of Solomon's temple, in Free- 
masonry is, and the practice of the lodges should be, to the ef- 
fect, that the grand secret of all religion is this allegorical typi- 
iication of the solar relations and planetary motions, with 
mental and moral cultivation, and that such, in truth, is 
the great lost secret of Fremasonry. The Masons have lost 
the initiatory secret — have been numbered among the vulgar, 
and deceived with the exoterical doctrine of personified 
deity. 

Mr. Paine had a glimmering light on this subject, but he 
was ignorant of the details. He made a shrewd guess at the 
thing, and guessed rightly as to a par'. f the pvinrarjie, though 
he could not fill out the history and er.Mn. The esoteric* 
principle of Freemasonry, as of Christianity and of Judaism, is 
SUN-WORSHIP AND SCIENCE, AS THE BASIS OF 
HUMAN CULTURE AND DISCIPLINE, the common 
Paganism of the human race. Mr. Paine guessed at this m 
relation to Freemasonry, but knew it not in relation to Christi- 
anity and Judaism. 

I purpose to furnish here nothing more than the Key-stone 
to the Arch of Freemasonry, which is the moral and gist of 
the Royal Arch Degree, at which Masons have played, not 
worked, without knowing what they were about. For a fur- 
ther proof that I present the right key, I refer the reader to the 
theologico-astronomical, or Sunday evening discourses, at the 
Rotunda, of the Rev. Robert Taylor. They are so many phi- 
losophical lectures on masonry, though the exposure pro- 
fessedly relates to Christianity. They form two volumes of a 
cheap publication, entitled " The Devil's Pulpit." I refer him 
also to the works of Dupuis, Volney, Sir William Drummond* 
and Rhegellini. 

Mason? claim Pythagoras as one of their fraternity. The? 



may also claim every Grecian and Roman sage, who sought 
out the Pagan mysteries. But the modern Masons are not 
very worthy disciples of those ancient men. 

The proper business of a Mason is astronomical, che- 
I aical, geological, and moral science, and more particu- 
larly that of the ancients, with all the mysteries and 
fables founded upon it. A good Mason would, in fact, 
have no superstition. It should be his boast, that his 
science takes him out of modern religion. He who can 
build Solomon's Temple, in the allegorical sense, is dis- 
qualified from being a fanatic. Deism has been charged 
upon, and even boasted of, by modern Masons ; but as a 
sect, they are innocent of any science that can take them 
out of the common impressions of modern religious doc- 
trines. 

Astrology, gipsy fortune-telling, Modern Freemasonry, 
Mahometanism, Christianity, and Judaism, now so called, 
have sprung from, and are so many corruptions of, the 
ancient mysteries of the Pagans. Star-gazing, without 
proper human culture, has been the source of all religion. 
Lunacy is a disorder improperly ascribed to Luna, or the 
Moon ; for moon-struck madness had never befallen any one 
who had not been corrupted in education, and had the brain 
badly cultivated. 

The first professions of Christianity, as visible in the 
New Testament, were professed revelations of the ancient 
Pagan mysteries ; but, as a revelation, it was a failure — 
and it would have been better if the ancient Paganism 
had not been superseded by the grosser mysteries that 
have, in ignorance, been adopted, of the GodVspell or 
gospel 

However, let them all now repent, for the kingdom 02 
heaven is at hand, and the key will be freely given to any 
one who will unlock and enter, 



That there was no such a nation as the Israelites, is a 
truth — found in the consideration tnat they are not mentioned 
beyond the Bible in any records whatever. Egypt knew them 
not, Persia knew them not, Hindostan knew them not, Scythia 
knew them not, Phoenicia knew them not, Greece knew them 
not, as a nation. And in the first general notice that we have 
of the Jews, ih.,y are introduced to the world as a sect, or a 
series of sects, aeing Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes ; and 
in that general notice, beyond that sort of mistaken allegorical 
history which Josephus has copied from the books of the Old 
Testament, and which is not otherwise corroborated, and no 
better authority than the books of the Old Testament, there is 
no presentation of the Jews as the descendants of a larger 
nation of Israelites : as a religious or philosophical sect of dis- 
tinction, mixed up with, and found in real human history, they 
are not to be traced higher than the century before the Christian 
era. It is satisfactory to be able to show the origin of any 
thing, for such a knowledge is a common passion and curiosity 
among mankind ; and I think the Rev. Robert Taylor has dis- 
covered and developed the origin of the titles of Hebrew,, Is- 
raelite, and Jew. 

The Eleusinian mysteries were Pagan ; the same m relation 
to Isis in Egypt, as to Ceres in Greece, and continued in rela- 
tion to the Virgin Mary, as a part of the mistaken Christian 
mystery. It is the fault of Freemasonry, that it has had no- 
thing feminine belonging to it ; the ladies make no part of its 
mysteries, and to the ladies it has been a matter of great un- 
easiness. They very naturally, and very properly, suspect the 
propriety of all exclusively male association. The Jews have 
nothing feminine in their religion. No religion has provided a 
paradise, or future happy state, for earthly women. They 
should be all infidels of course. The modern construction and 
mistaken reading, under what is called the Christian Religion, 
has become a great burlesque on them. 



The word Eleusis is the Greek of Adventus, the Latin, the 
Advent, of the Christian mystery ; and signifies THE 
COMING (emphatically), and literally, the coming of light. 
The story of the tranfiguration on the mount, in the New Testa- 
ment, is an imperfect description of the holding of a Lodge of 
association in the highest degree of the Eleusinian mystery. 
The Lodge was held by Peter, James, and John, or the per- 
sonified months of January, April, or June, July, and August. 
The degrees of Freemasonry are allegorical of the same mystery. 
"The very miracles of the New Testament are allegorical sketches 
of the different degrees of the same mysteries. The turning of 
water into wine is the process of vinous vegetation, and one of 
the mysteries of Bacchus, who was also that light which was 
to come, the Messiah ; the Sun, in physics, or the physical 
saviour; the Logos, Christ, or Principle of Reason, as the 
moral saviour. The marriage at Cana, in Galilee, was the mar- 
riage supper of the Lamb ; the spring of the year ; the midway 
between the watering-pot of Aquarius, or watery season, and 
the ripening of the grape. u Woman/' said Jesus to his mo- 
ther, " what have I to do with thee ? My time is not yet come." 
Summer and autumn are the time of Bacchus. But he turned 
the water into wine, and so he does every year. The feeding 
of the multitude with a few small loaves and fishes, is a mys- 
tery significant of the prolific power of the earth in the growth 
of corn, and of the water in the production of fishes. The 
curing of diseases, of lameness and blindness, casting out devils, 
allaying a storm, walking on the water, the resurrection of the 
dead, and the ascension into heaven, are all so many solar mys- 
teries or allegorical relations of the sun's action upon the earth, 
figured with an association of scientific and moral powers in 
man. The sacrament of the Lord's Supper is the joint mystery 
<of the union of Ceres and Bacchus — the Pagan producers of 
corn, or bread and wine, which are truly, in an allegorical, 
physical sense, the real body and blood of Christ. We shah 



find that Freemasonry has been a corrupted continuation of all 
those mysteries; and that the Masons have really, as they 
confess they have, lost their own secret. Let us see what 
learning can do to restore it to them. Much of the ritual of 
our church, even of our English church, is but a misunderstood 
continuation and corruption of the words and ceremonies of the 
ancient Pagan mysteries. The Rev. Mr. Taylor has beautifully 
explained this in his discourses. I have only room to glanc* 
at it here. 

The scenes and characters of the mysterious drama, as found 
in the Eleusinian Orgies of Greece, were : — 

ELEUSIS— The Advent, or Coming-in of Light ; the birth 
and character of the subject of the drama — the title of the whole 
play or mystery. 

HIEROPHANT— -The Expounder of the Mysteries, the 
High Priest, the Pope, the Archbishop. 

HUPEREET— The Minister, or Ordinary Priest. 

DIACONOS— The Deacon, or Lower Officer. 

DIADOCHOS— The Torch-bearer. 

PHOTAGOGUE— The Bringer-in of Light. 

AUTOPTOS— The Candidate admitted to see the sight, 
The visitor of the Temple — the Church and Chapel goer 

AUTOPSY— The sight itself. 

HEBREW — The initiated Candidate who had passed 
through all the degrees of the mystery. 

TELEIOS— The adept, or perfected 

ISRAELITE — God-seer, purified from all guile. 

JEW — The God himself, or the mysterious perfection and 
deification of the human character. 

The whole a type of what may be made of human nature by 
cultivation of mind, which is the conditional promise of para^- 
dise, or kingdom of heaven. This is the revelation of all the 
mysteries. 

xdebrew, Israelite, and Jew, are Syriac, Phoenician, and Egjpp- 



tian terms used in the mysterious degrees ; and it would be as 
reasonable to argue that the Freemasons are a dispersed nation, as 
that the Jews are, or were, a dispersed nation. The modern 
religion of both Jew and Christian is a misunderstood and for- 
gotten connexion, corruption, and continuation of the ancient 
Pagan mysteries. Freemasonry is a secret attempt of the sang 
kind, but a failure. The word revelation, throughout the New 
Testament, signifies the revealing of a mystery ; but until now, 
or speaking as far as we can see by record, the real mystery 
has never been revealed. The true revelation of God — the true 
gospel or word of God, is a revealing, that all the allegories 
and mysteries of religion refer to the sun as the physical God ; 
to the science of the human mind as the moral God. This was 
the secret of the Eleusinian mysteries. That is religious truth, 
and the whole of religious trnth ; and the placing of the church 
on such a rock, as against which the gates of hell shall not pre- 
vail. Freemasonry is bat a professed concealment of the same 
revelation, and may be properly styled a bastard or illegitimate 
mystery. 

With this Key in his hand, the reader of the following 
Manual of Masonry will gain more knowledge of Masonry 
as he proceeds, than Masons themselves gain in their Lodges. 
Not one of them has had sense and learning enough to discover 
the real secret of the craft ; and I claim this circumstance as a 
proof that it is infidelity, as modern criticism and science 
have been called — modern infidelity, which is really becoming 
the light of the world, which is the light, life, and knozvledge 
needed, and which is morally, scientifically, and properly 
speaking, the true Eleusis or Advent, or HE THAT SHOULD 
COME. 

The sacred scriptures, or the books of the Old and New Tes* 
tament, were not written with an intention that they should b& 
used as they are now used : they were not intended to be trans- 
lated into any vulgar language, and made the common-plac* 



book or text bootc 01 the multitude, t© be wrested, as St. i et*r 
has forcibly observed, to their destruction — certainly to their 
injury ; but they are deeply mysterious writings, not revealing, 
but concealing, and misrepresenting, the ancient mysteries; 
forming from them a new mode of association, and making a 
new religion of the old Pagan materials, precisely upon the 
principle that we now see one sort of secret association spring- 
ing from another — the Odd Fellows, for instance, in relation to 
the Masons ; one sect of religious association springing from 
another, through common ignorance and fanatical but mistaken 
conceit of spiritual knowledge, as Quaker, Unitarian, and Me- 
thodist, springing from the Church of England, that from the 
CLurcn of Rome, that from the Church of Greece or Egypt, 
those from the Persian, and the whole from the general Pagan 
mysteries ; and precisely upon the principle that one language 
is seen to emanate from another, all having a common ror>t 

In the first preaching of the allegory of Christ crucified, there 
was no imposition ; there was a deeply laid and mysterious 
allegory, which the multitude took in its literal sense, and made 
for themselves a history from fiction. So it has been with the 
addition and union of the books of the Old Testament. The 
books of the Sibyls have been also supposed to be prophetic of 
the Christian religion ; but the mystery is cleared up, when 
we find the root of the Christian and of the Jewish in the Pagan 
system, whence all those books were formed. A development 
of this kind is the one great thing needful for universal brother- 
hood, which has not been found in Freemasonry, nor in Chris- 
tianity, nor in Judaism, yet or now so called. 

The Key, then, to the mysteries of Freemasonry, as well as 
to the mysteries of the Christian and the Jewish religions, is 
the Eleusinlan mysteries of the Pagan religion ; and the further 
Key to all those mysteries, is a worship of the Sun as God 
under a variety of personifications, in all its Zodiacal transits, 
\n the personification of the year, of the seasons, of the months. 



Xiv 

i 

of time generally, and of all the divisions of time, and as the 
source of all physical and' all moral phenomena. The Masonic 
building of Solomon's temple is the getting a knowledge of the 
celestial globe, knowing the mysteries of all the figures ar?0 
grouping of stars on that globe; knowing further, that this 
globe is the founda^on of all religion, knowing how to calculate 
the precession of the equinoxes, the return of comets and 
eclipses, and all the planetary motions and astronomical rela- 
tions of time. Such is not the knowledge now gained in Ma- 
sonic Lodges ; I will present the reader with that knowledge ; 
but such should be the knowledge ; for such would be real and 
useful knowledge. The ancient priests thought that knowledge 
should be concealed from the multitude, or found it profitable 
that it should be so ; and hence our sacred and mysterious 
writings. But now, we do not think that knowledge should 
be kept from the multitude, and hence our infidelity and our 
revealings. 

It may be well to mention here, that I am in possession of 
entire disproofs of the present pretended historical origination 
of the Christian religion ; and I was in that possession, before 
I attempted to seek any other origin. I have long felt the 
necessity of tracing another origin, and I now do so, in connect- 
ing it with the ancient Pagan mysteries. On reading the New 
Testament, with the Key which I here present, and with th 
remembrance, that, in relation to history, the book is altogether, 
from beginning to ending, a fiction ; and on reading the Old 
Testament in the same way, there will remain on the mind 
something like knowledge gained from its mysterious matter ; 
but now, in the course of reading under the commonly received 
notions of it, and beyond its moral precepts, there is no know- 
ledge gained. Such is the case with modern Freemasonry. 

I sum up these observations with the conclusion, that the 
Key-Stone of the Royal Arch of Freemasonry is the ancitnr 
science of the Zodiac, with its moral counter-part of human 



culture, made mysterious in secret and priestly associations ; 
which is also the science of all religions that pretend to re vela- 
lions ; and also of the religion of the Druids, and of all the 
Pagans from Hindostan to Rome. 

I have omitted all those remarks which, in the Nos. of the 
Vol. 12 of " The Republican," must have been so offensive to 
Masons. My great object is here to instruct Masons as well as 
others, and not to give them offence. They ask for light* 
Here is light. They ask for fellowship. Here is the only basis 
of true and general fellowship. I see the evils of sectarianism 
among mankind, and I labour hard; I endure persecution 
patiently, for the sole purpose of rooting out those evils. I 
have objections for all societies, excepting those divisions of 
mankind which are essential, or may be essential, to good go- 
vernment and the most happy existence. Here we are, like 
other animals, for life, and nothing more; and it will be wise, 
if we so carry ourselves, as to enjoy the greatest possible 
amount of happiness, and to make it an essential and primitive 
point of that happiness, to inflict no pain on man, woman, child, 
or other animal. However unpleasant or objectionable this 
doctrine may be, in relation to present education, it is true ; 
and nothing opposed to it is true ; for we cannot alter the facts 
of nature ; we cannot change that which is immutable : though 
we may regulate our moral, we cannot regulate our physical, 
destiny. Necessity is less stern in morals than in physics, and 
in morals, is called liberty. I have studied well the purpose 
and business of life ; I have determined to spend mine well, 
and to form the best character the present times require. I 
strive to be the most useful and most important man living. 
My principles are Republican in politics, and Atheistical onl^v 
as to a God made up of human ignorance, an idol God, m 
where more denounced than in the Bible. This signifies a fair 
equality of condition in life, and no pretensions to future life. 
These appear to me to be the extreme of good in principles ; 



XVI 

jndeed I am sure that they are so; for the greatest amount of 
harpmess among the greatest number cannot be imagined on 
any other ground of principle. We have seen enough of rhe 
mischief of monarchy and priestcraft, of mystery, sectarianism, 
and secret societies. Let us now be open, be inquisitive, and 
be equal in knowledge. Any secret recipe for human disorder 
is but murder towards those who need it and cannot reach it, 
X rejoice in having no secrets ; I rejoice in being able to expose 
D the world the professed secrets of others. I am sure tha* 
jecrecy is a vice ; and I therefore expose and explain Free 
masonry. 

RICHARD CARLILE. 



MANUAL OF FREEMA$OA T Ey. 

PART I. 



t'HERE are three degrees in Craft-Freemasonry : First — Ei 
ered Apprentice. Second — Fellow Craft. Third — Master 
Mason. 

A Lodge of Masons consists of the following officers : a 
Master who is styled Worshipful, and may be considered the 
President of the body. There are also Past Masters who have 
served as Masters, and are distinguished as such in the Lodge. 
The next in order to the Master is the Senior Warden, then the 
Junior Warden, Senior Deacon, and Junior Deacon ; lastly, an 
Inner Guard, and a Tiler, or Door Keepers, the one inside, 
the other out. The Tiler is armed with a sword. Their seve- 
ral duties are explained by a description of the opening of an 
Entered Apprentice's Lodge. There are some slight variances 
in the proceedings of the different Lodges ; but the following is 
the most correct. 

TO OPEN A LODGE IN THE FIRST Oil ENTERED APPRENTICE^ 
DEGREE. 

When the Brethren are assembled to open a Lodge, the 
Master calls to order by giving a knock,* which is repeated by 
the Wardens, and the following dialogue begins : — 

* In all ordinary affairs of the Lodge, as to call attention either 
by the Master, Tiler, or Inner Guard, one single rap is made use of, 
but in opening, closing, &c., in the First or Entered Apprentice's 
"Degree, three distinct knocks are given : — in the Second or Fellow 
Craft's Degree, there is a distinction, and they are not given ai 
equidistant time ; a pause being made after the first, and the twi 
subsequently in quicker succession. And in the Third, or Mastei 
Mason's Degree, the pause is made between the second and third, tht 
two first being given quickly, thus reversing the plan in the Fellow- 
Craft's Degree. The Tiler always gives one rap as an alarm, whetj 
any one applies for admittance, and the Inner Guard comes out to 
prove the applicant, if unknown. By this means, the mode is con- 
cealed from intruders. 

2 B 



Worshipful Master. Brethren, assist me to open the Lodg-«2 

To the Junior Warden, Mr. N : What is the first care in 

jhe Lodge ? 

Junior W r arden. To see the Lodge properly tiled. 

W. M. Direct that duty to be done. 

J. W. Brother Inner Guard, ascertain that the Lodge is 
properly tiled. 

The Inner Guard gives a rap on the door, which is an- 
swered in the same way by the Tiler, or Outer Guard, and 
indicates that all is right, that there are no cowans* or lis* 
teners about the Lodge. The Inner Guard reports to the 
Junior Warden; and the latter, with three knocks, reports 
to the Worshipful Master that the Lodge is properly tiled. 

The W T . M. then asks, W T hat is the next care, Brother Senior 
Warden ? 

S. W. To see the Brethren appear to order as Masons. 

Vv r . M. See that duty done. 

The Senior Warden examines any present if thought ne- 
cessary by the sign of an Entered Apprentice, and, with the 
same sign reports to the W. M. that none but Masons are 
present. 

W. M. To order Brethren, as Masons in the first degree. 
Brother Junior Warden, how many principal officers are there 
in a Lodge ? 

J. W. Three; namely, the Worshipful Master and his Two 
Wardens. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, how many assistants are 
there ? 

S. W. Three ; besides the Outer Guard or Tiler; namely, 
the Senior and Junior Deacons, and the Inner Guard . 

W. M. Brother Junior Warden, where is the Outer Guard 
or Tiler placed ? 

J. W. Without the door of the Lodge. 

W. M. His duty ? 

J, W. Being armed with a drawn sword, to keep all cowans 
and listeners from Masons, and to see that the candidate for 
admission comes properly prepared. 

* The word cowan is a flash word, peculiar to Masons. It signifies 
erumy ; but formerly it was expressive of Kings, and all those who 
tosud Ike power to persecute and who did persecute the associated 
Masons. 



3 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, where is the Inner Guard 
placed ? 

S. W. Within the entrance of the Lodo;e. 

W. M. His duty ? 

S. W. To admit Masons upon proof, to receive the candi- 
date in due form, and to obey the commands of the Junior 
Warden. 

W M. Brother Junior Warden, where is the Junior Dea- 
con placed ? 

J. W. At the right of the Senior Warden. 

W. M. His duty ? 

J. W. To carry the messages and commands of the Wor- 
shipful Master from the Senior to the Junior Warden, that the 
same may be punctually obeyed. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, where is the Senior Dea- 
con placed ? 

S. W. At the right of the Worshipful Master. 

W. M. His duty? 

S. W. To carry communications and commands from the 
Worshipful Master to the Senior Warden, and wait the return 
of the Junior Deacon. 

W. M. Brother Junior Warden, your constant place in the 
Lode^e ? 

J.^W. In the South. 

W. M r Why are you placed there ? 

J. W. To mark the Sun at its meridian, to call the Bre- 
thren from labour to refreshment, and from refreshment to la- 
bour, that profit and pleasure may be the result. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, your constant place in the 
Lodge? 

S. W. In the West. 

W. M. Why are you placed there ? 

S. W. To mark the setting Sun, to close the Lodge by the 
command of the Worshipful Master, after seeing that every one 
has his just dues. 

W. M. Worshipful and worthy Past Master, where is the 
Master's situation in the Lodge ? 

P.M. In the East. 

W. M. Why is he placed there ? 

P. M. As the Sun rises in the East to open and enliven the 
day, 80 the Worshipful Master is placed in the East to open 



and enlighten ms Lodge, to employ and instruct the Brethren 
in Masonry. 

W. M. Brethren, our Lodge being thus duly formed, before 
I proceed to declare it opened, let us invoke a blessing from 
the Great Architect of the Universe upon all our undertakings. 
May our labour thus begun in order, be conducted in peace, 
and closed in harmony. 

P. M. So mote it be. (The Past Master then advances 

three steps, opens the Bible, (at the Chapter of ) 

and remains with his hand on it, until the ceremony finishes. 

W. M. Brethren, in the name of the Great Architect of the 
Universe, I declare this Lodge duly opened, for the purposes of 
Masonry in the first degree. 

The W. M., S. W., J. W., I. G., and T., then give three 
knocks each, in rotation, which announce the Lodge opened ; 
the Brethren take their seats, &c, and the business of the 
Lodge proceeds. If any doubtful Brethren appear, they are 
made to take a new oath that they are real Masons, and that 
they have not been expelled from any Lodge. 

CEREMONY OF MAKING, OR INITIATION, IN THE FIRST OR 
ENTERED APPRENTICE'S DEGREE. 

The Lodge being duly opened, and a candidate applying 
for initiation, he has to sign a declaration, that he wishes to 
become a Mason ; and on its being presented to the Lodge, 
and the candidate approved, which is generally done by 
ballot, a Brother, called the Steward, is sent out to prepare 
him in an antechamber. This preparation consists in the 
candidate being divested of all money and metal, of having 
the right arm, left breast, and left knee bare, the right heel 
slip-shod ; in being blindfolded, and a rope, which is tech- 
nically called a Cable Tow, is put round the neck, with 
a sword pointed to the breast. In this state, the Steward 
leads the candidate to the Tiler, or Outer Guard of the 
Lodge Door. The Tiler examines and sees the candidate 
properly prepared, and announces his approach by three 
knocks. 

The Inner Guard gives the alarm, and is ordered to ask who 
is there. The Steward or Tiler answers : — 

A poor candidate in a state of darkness, who comes of his 
own free will an<? accord, and also properly prepared, humbly 



soliciting to be admitted to the mysteries and privileges of 
Freemasonry. 

I. G. How does he hope to obtain those privileges ? 

T. By the help of God, and the tongue of good report. 

I. G. Halt, till I make due report. — (Turning to the 
Master.) Worshipful Master — a poor candidate in a state 
of darkness, who has been well and worthily recommended, 
regularly proposed and approved in Open Lodge, now comes 
of his own free will, and also properly prepared, humbly 
soliciting to be admitted to the mysteries and privileges of 
Freemasonry. 

W. M. How does he hope to obtain those privileges? 

I. G. By the help of God, being free born, and of good 
report. 

W. M. The tongue of good report has already been heard 
in his favour, do you, Brother Inner Guard, vouch that he is 
properly prepared ? 

I. G. I do. 

W. M. Then let him be admitted in due form. 

I. G. (to the candidate at the door.) Enter, free born and 
of good report. 

He is received by the J. D. from the Steward. 

W. M. (to the candidate.) As no person can be made a 
Mason, unless he is free born and of mature age, I demand 
of you, are you free by birth, and of the age of twenty-one 
years ? 

Candidate. I am. 

W. M. Thus assured, I will thank you to kneel, whilst the 
blessing of Heaven is invoked on our proceedings. 

(W. M. prays.) Vouchsafe thine aid, Almighty Father and 
Suprece^ Governor of the universe, to this our present conven- 
tion, and grant that this candidate for Masonry may so dedicate 
and devote his life to thy service, as to become a true and 
faithful brother among us. Endow him with a competency of 
thy divine wisdom, that, assisted by the secrets of this our 
masonic art, he may the better be enabled to display the beau- 
ties of true godliness to the honour and glory of thy holy name, 
So mote it be 

W. M. To the candidate, Mr. N . In all cases ot 

difficulty and danger, in whom do vou put vour trust ? 

Mr. N. In God. 



W. M. Right glad am I to find your faith so well founded : 
yelying on such sure support, and since your trust is so firmly 
placed, you may safely rise and follow your leader with a firm 
but humble confidence ; for where the name of God is invoked, 
we trust no danger can ensue. The Brethren from the North, 

East, South and West, will take notice, that Mr. N is about 

to pass in view before them, to show that he is a candidate pro- 
perly prepared, and a fit and proper person to be made a mason. 

He is then conducted round the Lodge, for the view of the 
Brethren, and to see that he is properly prepared ; he is in- 
structed in the South and West by the Junior and Senior 
Wardens, and the J. D. gives three knocks on their shoulders, 
with the candidate's hand, on which the demand who comes 
there ? is made ; to which the same answers are given as at the 
door ; and after their pronouncing, pass, free born and of gooa 
report, he is presented to the W. M. 

S. W. Worshipful Master, I present to you Mr. N , a 

candidate properly prepared to be a mason. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, your presentation shall be 
attended to ; for which purpose I shall address a few questions 
to the candidate, which I trust he will answer with candour : — 

Mr. N , do you seriously declare, on your honour, that, 

unbiassed by the improper solicitations of friends against your 
own inclinations, and uninfluenced by mercenary or other unwor- 
thy motives, you freely and voluntarily offer yourself a candi- 
date for the mysteries and privileges of Freemasonry ? 

Mr. N. I do. 

W. M. Do you likewise pledge yourself, that you are 
prompted to solicit those privileges from a favourable opinion 
preconceived of the institution, a general desire of knowledge, 
and a sincere wish to render yourself more extensively ser- 
viceable to your fellow-creatures ? 

Mr. N. I do. " 

W. M. Do you further seriously declare on your honour, 
that, avoiding fear on the one hand, and rashness on the 
other, you will steadily persevere through the ceremony of 
your initiation, and, if once admitted, will afterwards act and 
abide by the ancient usages, and established customs of the 
order, 

Mr. N. I will. 

W. M, Brother Senior Warden, you will direct the Junior 



Deacon to instruct the candidate to advance to the pedestal in 
ne form. 

S. W. Brother Junior Deacon, it is the Worshipful Mas- 
ter's command, that you instruct the candidate to advance tc 
the chair in due form. 

This form is by three irregular steps. 

W. M. Mr. N , it is my duty to inform you, that 

Masonry is free, and requires a perfect freedom of inclination 
in every candidate for its mysteries. It is founded on the 
purest principles of piety and virtue. It possesses great and 
invaluable privileges to worthy men, and, I trust, to the 
worthy alone. Vows of fidelity are required ; but let me 
assure you, that in those vows, there is nothing incompatible 
with your civil, moral, or religious duties. Are you, therefore, 
willing to take a solemn obligation, founded on the principles 
I have stated, to keep inviolate the secrets and mysteries of the 
order ? 

Mr. N. I am. 

W. M. Then you will kneel with your left knee, keeping 
your right foot in the form of a square, place your right hand 
on this book, which is the volume of the sacred law, while, with 
your left, you will support one point of these compasses to your 
naked breast, so as not to hurt yourself, and then repeat the 
following obligation :— 

I, Mr. N , in the presence of the great Architect of the 

universe, and of this warranted, worthy, and worshipful Lodge 
of free and accepted Masons, regularly assembled and properly 
dedicated, of my own free will and accord, do, hereby and 
hereon, most solemnly and sincerely swear, that I will always 
hale, conceal, and never reveal, any part or parts, point or 
* points, of the secrets and mysteries of, or belonging to, free and 
accepted masons in masonry, which have been, shall now, or 
r hereafter may be, communicated to me, unless it be to a true 
■ and lawful brother or brothers, and not even to him or them, 
j : till after due trial, strict examination, or sure information from 
a well-known brother, that he or they are worthy of that confi- 
dence, or in the body of a just, perfect, and regular lodge of 
accepted Freemasons. I further solemnly promise, that I will 
not write those secrets, print, carve, engrave, or otherwise them 
delineate, or cause or suffer them to be done so by others, if in 
my power to prevent it, on anything moveable or immovable 



und^? the canopy of heaven, whereby or whereon any letter* 
character, or figure, or the least trace of a letter, character, or 
figure may become legible or intelligible to myself, or to any- 
one in the world, so ihat our secrets, arts, and hidden myste- 
ries, may improperly become known through my unworthiness. 
These several points I solemnly swear to observe, without eva- 
sion, equivocation, or mental reservation of any kind, under no 
less a penalty, on the violation of any of them, than to have my 
throat cut across, my tongue torn out by the root, and my body 
buried in the sand of the sea at loio water mark, or a cable's 
length from the shore, where the tide regularly ebbs and flown 
twice in twenty-four hours, or the more efficient punishment of 
being branded as a wilfully perjured individual, void of alX 
moral worth, and unfit to be received in this warranted lodge, 
or in any other warranted lodge, or society of masons, who 
prize honour and virtue above all the external advantages of 
rank and fortune : So help me God, and keep me steadfast in 
this my great and solemn obligation of an Entered Apprentice 
Free Mason. 

W. M. What you have repeated may be considered a sa- 
cred promise as a pledge of your fidelity, and to render it a 
solemn? obligation, I will thank you to seal it with your lips on 
the volume of the sacred law. {Kisses the Bible.) 

W. M. Mr. N , having been kept a considerable 

time in a state of darkness, what, in your present situation, is 
the most predominant wish of your heart ? 

Mr. N. Light. 

W M. Brother Junior Deacon, let that blessing be re- 
stored to the candidate. 

The Junior Deacon removes the bandage from the eyes of the 
candidate. 

W. M. Having been restored to the blessing of material 
light, let me point out to your attention, what we consider the 
three great, though emblematic, lights in Masonry — namely, 
the Volume of the Sacred Law, the Square, and the Com- 
passes. The sacred volume is to rule and govern our faith : the 
square to regulate our actions : and the compasses to keep us 
within due bounds to all mankind, particularly with our brethren 
in Masonry. Rise, newly obligated brother among masons. 
(lie rises.) You are now enabled to discover the three lesser 
.%hts in Masonry. They are situated East, South, and West, 



and are raeant to represent the Sun, Moon, and Master 
of the Lodge. The Sun to rule the day, the Moon to 
govern the night, and the Master to rule and direct his lodge. 

By your meek and candid behaviour this evening, you have 
escaped two great dangers ; but there is a third which will 
await you to the latest period of your existence. The dangers 
which you have escaped are those of stabbing and strangling ; 
hr, at your entrance into the lodge, this sword was presented 
fo your naked left breast, so that, had you rashly attempted to 
•ash forward, you would have been accessary to your own 
death by stabbing. Not so with the Brother who held it ; as he 
would have only remained firm to do his duty. There was 
likewise this Cable Tow, with a running noose about your 
neck, which would have rendered any attempt to retreat equally 
fatal by strangling. But the danger which will await you to 
your latest hour, is the penalty of your obligation, that you 
would rather have your throat cut across, than to improperly 
divulge the secrets of Masonry. 

As you have taken the solemn obligation of Masonry, I am 
now permitted to inform you, that there several degrees in Free- 
masonry, and peculiar secrets restricted to each. These, how- 
ever, are not communicated indiscriminately ; but are conferred 
on candidates according to merit and abilities. I shall now 
proceed to intrust you with the sign of this degree, or those 
marks by which we are known to each other, and distinguished 
from the rest of the world. I must first premise, for your ge- 
neral information, that all squares, levels, and perpendiculars, 
(alluding to the positions of the body and its limbs), are proper 
signs by which to know a mason. You are, therefore, ex- 
pected to stand perfectly erect, with your feet formed into a 
square, your body being thus considered an emblem of your 
mind, and your feet the rectitude of your actions. On your 
advancement from West to East, you advanced by three irre- 
gular steps ; irregular from the situation you were then in, not 
knowing where you were then going ; but they allude to three 
more regular steps, namely, right lines and angles, morally 
teaching us upright lives and well-squared actions. You will 
now advance towards me by one pace with your left foot, 
bringing the right heel into its hollow. — That is the first regular 
step in Freemasonry ; and it is in this position that the secrets 
of the degree are communicated. They consist in a sign, a 
grip or token, and a word. 



< 



10 

1 on will place your right hand in this position (level, with 
the thumb extended in a square towards the throat), and the 
thumb to the left of the windpipe. The sign is given by 
drawing the hand smartly across the throat, and dropping it to 
the side. This is in allusion to the penalty of the obligation ; 
implying, that, as a man of honour and a mason, you would 
rather have your throat cut across, than improperly divulge the 
secrets intrusted to you. That is the sign. 

The grip or token is given by a distinct pressure of the top 
of the right-hand thumb, on the first joint from the wrist, 01 
the right-hand fore-finger, grasping the finger with the hand.* 
This demands a word, a word highly prized among masons, as 
the guard to their privileges : too much caution cannot, there- 
fore, be used in communicating it. It must never be given at 
length ; but always either by letters or syllables ; to enable you 
to do which, I must first tell you what the word is. It is 
Boaz. As in the course of the evening, you will be called on 
for this word, the Junior Deacon will now dictate the answers 
you are to give. 

Here the J. D. proceeds to instruct the candidate as to the 
common mode of salutation among masons. Giving him the 
grip, he asks — 

What is this ? 

Brother N. The grip or token of an Entered Apprentice 
Freemason. 

J D. What does it demand ? 

B. N. A word. 

J. D. Will you give me that word ? 

B. N. At my initiation I was taught to be cautious ; I will 
letter or halve it with you, which you please, and begin. 

J. D. B. 

B.N. O. 

J.D. A. 

B.D. Z. 

J. D. This word is derived from the left-hand pillar of the 
porch or entrance to King Solomon's Temple, so named after 
the great grandfather of David, a prince and ruler in Israel. 
The import of the word is strength. 

• This is also a penal sign with Masons. It refers to a supposed 
customs among the inhabitants of Tyre of losing a finger at that 
joint for a crime. 



]} 

VV. M. Brother Junior Deacon, pass the candidate to the 
Junior Warden. 

J. D. Brother Junior Warden, I present to you Brother 
N , on his initiation. 

J. W. I will thank Brother N to advance towards me 

as a mason. 

He advances with the step and sign. 

J. W. Have you anything else to communicate ? 

Brother N. gives the grip. 

J. W. What is this ! 

Br. N. The grip or token of an Entered Apprentice Free- 
mason. 

J. W. What does it demand ? 

B. N. A word. 

J. W. Will you give me that word ? 

Br. N. At my initiation I was taught to be cautious. I will 
letter or halve it with you. 

J. W. Which you please, and begin. 

{The word is then given as before with the Junior Warden^ 
and the Junior Deacon passes the brother to the Senior Warden f 
where the same ceremony is repeated : after which he is presented 
to the Master.) 

S. W. Worshipful Master, I present to you Brother 

N , on his initiation, for some further mark of your 

favour. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, I delegate to you the au- 
thority to invest him with the distinguishing badge of a mason. 

S. W. Brother N , by the Worshipful Master's com- 
mand, I invest you with the distinguishing badge of a 
mason, which is more ancient than the Golden Fleece or 
Roman Eagle ; more honourable than the Star and Garter ; 
or any other order in existence ; being the badge of innocence 
and the bond of friendship. I strongly exhort yon ever to 
wear and to consider it as such. And I further inform 
you, that, if you never disgrace that badge, it will never dis- 
grace you. 

W. M. Let me add to the observations of the Senior War- 
den, that you are never to put on that badge, should there 
be any brother in the lodge which you are about to visit 
with whom you are at variance, or against whom you entertain 
animosity. In such case, it is expected that you will invite 



12 

aim to withdraw, in order to settle your differences amicably, 
which, if happily effected, you may then clothe yourselves, 
enter the lodge, and work with that love and harmony, which 
ought always to characterize Freemasons. But if, unfortu- 
nately, your differences be of such a nature as not to be 
easily adjusted, it were better that one or both of you should 
retire, than that the harmony of the Lodge be disturbed by 
your presence. 

W. M. Brother Junior Deacon, you will place our Brother 
N at the north-east part of the Lodge. 

W. M. Brother N , it is customary at the erection of 

all stately and superb edifices, to lay the first foundation stone 
at the north-east corner of the building. You, being newly 
aamitted into Masonry, are placed at the north-east part of the 
Lodge, to represent figuratively that stone ; and from the 
foundation laid this evening, may you raise a superstructure 
perfect in its parts and honourable to its builder. You now 
stand, to all external appearance, a just and upright mason. I 
give it you in strong terms of recommendation ever to continue 
and act as such. Indeed, I shall immediately put your prin- 
ciples, in some measure, to the test, by calling upon you to ex- 
ercise that virtue which may justly be denominated the dis- 
tinguishing characteristic of a Freemason's heart, — I mean 
Charity. I need not here dilate upon its excellencies ; doubt- 
less, it has often been felt and practised by you : suffice it to 
say, that it has the approbation of heaven and of earth, and, 
like its sister Mercy, blesses him that gives as well as him that 
receives. In a society so widely extended as that of the Free- 
masons, whose branches are spread over the four divisions of 1 
the globe, it cannot be denied that we have many members of 
rank and affluence ; neither can it be concealed, that, among 
the thousands who range under its banners, there are some, 
who, perhaps, from circumstances of unavoidable calamity and 
misfortune, are reduced to the lowest ebb of poverty and dis- 
tress : on their behalf, it is our usual custom to awaken the 
feelings of every newly-made brother, by such a claim on his 
charity, as his circumstances in life may fairly warrant. 
Whatever you feel disposed to give, deposit with the Junior 
Deacon, and it will be thankfully received, and faithfully applied, 

Br. N. I have been deprived of every thing valuable, or I 
would give freely. 



13 

W. M. I congratulate you on the honourable sentiments by 
which you are actuated, and likewise on the inability which in 
the present instance precludes you from gratifying them. Be- 
lieve me, this trial was not made with a view of sporting with 
your feelings : far from us be any such intention ; but it was 
done for three especial reasons ; first, as I have already pre- 
mised, to put your principles to the test ; second, to evince to 
the brethren, that you had neither money nor other metallic 
substance about you ; for, if you had, the ceremony of your 
initiation thus far must have been repeated, which would have 
brought a blush on the face of your guide, for having so im- 
properly omitted that part of his duty : and thirdly, as a warn- 
ing to your own heart, that should you, at any future period, 
meet a brother in distressed circumstances, who solicits your 
assistance, you may recollect the peculiar moment in which 
you were received into Masonry, poor and pennyless, and you 
will then cheerfully embrace the opportunity of practising that 
virtue which you have professed to admire. 

You may now retire, for the purpose of being restored to 
your necessary comforts, then return into the lodge and return 
thanks, after which I shall give you further instructions, and 
deliver a charge upon the excellency of our order and the 
qualifications of its members. 

Brother N then retires to restore his dress, and, on his 

return, is placed in the west, or opposite to the Master, where, 
after making the penal sign of an entered apprentice, he re- 
turns thanks in the following words : — 

Worshipful Master, Senior and Junior Wardens, Senior and 
Junior Deacons, nnd Brethren of this Lodge, I return you my 
most hearty and sincere thanks for the honour you have done 
me, by making me a Mason, and by admitting me a member of 
this ancient and honourable Society. 

W. M. Brother N , as, in the course of the evening 

you will be called upon for certain fees for your initiation, it is 
but proper, that you should know by what authority we act. 
These, therefore, are our warrant from the Grand Lodge of 
England, the book of constitutions and the-bye laws of the 
Lodge ; both of which I recommend to your most serious con- 
templation, as by one you will be instructed in the duties you 
owe to the craft in general, and by the other in those you owe 
to this lodge in particular. 



14 

I now present to you the working tools of an Entered Ap- 
prentice Freemason, which are the twenty-four inch gauge, the 
common gavel, and the chisel. 

The twenty-four inch gauge is the first instrument put into 
the hand of the workman, to enable him to measure and ascer • 
tain the size and extent of the work he is about to engage in 
thus to compute the time and labour it may cost. 

The common gavel is an important instrument of labour 
and highly esteemed as an implement of art ; though recognised 
by various artists under different appellations, it is yet admitted 
by them all, that no work of manual skill can be completed 
without it. 

The chisel is a small instrument, though solid in its form, 
and of such exquisite sharpness, as fully to compensate for the 
diminutiveness of its size. It is calculated to make impression 
on the hardest substance, and the mightiest structures have been 
indebted to its aid. 

But, as we have met, on the present occasion, as speculative, 
rather than as operative Masons, it is the moral conveyed in those 
emblems that we are called upon more particularly to re- 



From the twenty-four inch gauge, we derive a lesson of 
daily admonition and instruction ; for, as it is divided into 
twenty four parts, it recals to our mind the division of the na- 
tural day into twenty-four hours, and directs us to apportionate 
them to their proper objects ; namely, prayer, labour, refresh" 
merit and sleep. 

To a Mason, however, it may be further considered as the 
scale which comprehends the numerical apportionment of the 
different degrees, according to the several lodges, of which I 
am permitted to say, the first seven are appropriated to the 
Entered Apprentice. 

From the common gavel, we learn that skill without exertion 
is of little avail, — that labour is the lot of man ; for the heart 
may conceive and the head devise in vain, if the hand be not 
prompt to execute the design. 

From the chisel, we learn that perseverance is necessary to 
establish perfection, that the rude material can receive its fine 
polish but from repeated efforts alone, that nothing short of in- 
defatigable exertion can induce the h?bit of virtue, enlighten 
the mind, and render the soul pure. 



15 

From the whole we deduce this moral, that knowledge 
grounded on accuracy, aided by labour, prompted by perse- 
verance, will finally overcome all difficulties, raise igno- 
rance from despair, and establish happiness in the paths oi 
science. 

THE CHARGE. 

As you have now passed through the ceremonies of your 
initiation, allow me to congratulate you on being admitted a 
member of our ancient and honourable society. Ancient, no 
doubt, it is, as having subsisted from time immemorial ; and 
honourable it must be acknowledged to be, because, by a natu- 
ral tendency, it conduces to make all those honourable who are 
strictly obedient to its precepts. Indeed, no institution can 
boast a more solid foundation than that on which Freemasonry 
rests — the practice of social and moral virtue. To so high an 
eminence has its credit been advanced, that, in every age, 
monarchs themselves have been the promoters of the art ; have 
not thought it derogatory from their dignity, to exchange 
the sceptre for the trowel ; have patronised our mysteries, 
and have even joined our assemblies. 

As a Mason, I would first recommend to your most serious 
contemplation the volume of the sacred law, charging you to 
consider it as the unerring standard of truth and justice, and to 
regulate your actions by the divine precepts which it contains. 
Therein you will be taught the important duty you owe to God, 
to your neighbour, and to yourself. To God, by never men- 
tioning his name but with that awe and reverence which are due 
from the creature to his Creator, and by imploring his aid on 
all your lawful undertakings, and by looking up to him ir every 
emergency for comfort and support ; to your neighbour, by act- 
ing with him upon the square, by rendering him every kind 
office which justice or mercy may require, by relieving his dis- 
tresses, by soothing his afflictions, and by doing to him as, in 
similar cases, you would wish him to do to you ; and to your- 
self, by such a prudent and well-regulated course of discipline, 
as may best conduce to the preservation of your corporeal and 
mental faculties in their fullest energy ; thereby enabling you 
to exert the talents wherewith God has blest you, as well to his 
glory as to the welfare of your fellow-creatures. 

As a citizen of the world, I am next to enjoin you to be 



16 

exemplary in the discharge of your civil duties, by never 
proposing, or at all countenancing, any act that may have a 
tendency to subvert the peace and good order of society ; by 
paying due obedience to the laws of any state which may for 
a time become the place of your residence, or afford you its 
protection ; and, above all, never losing sight of the allegiance 
due to the sovereign of your native land ; ever remembering 
that nature has implanted in your breasts a sacred and indisso- 
luble attachment to that country from which you derived your 
birth and infant nurture. 

As an individual, I am further to recommend the practice of 
every domestic as well as public virtue. Let prudence direct 
you ; temperance chasten you ; fortitude support you ; and 
justice be the guide of all your actions. Be especially careful 
to maintain, in the fullest splendour, those truly masonic orna- 
ments which have already been amply illustrated — benevolence 
and charity. 

Still, however, as a Mason, there are other excellencies of 
character to which your attention may be peculiarly and forcibly 
directed. Among the foremost of these are secrecy , fidelity and 
obedience. 

Secrecy may be said to consist of an inviolable adherence tc 
the obligation you have entered into, never improperly to re- 
veal any of those masonic secrets which have now been, or may 
at any future time be, intrusted to your keeping ; and cau- 
tiously to shun all occasions which might inadvertently lead 
you to do so. 

Your fidelity must be exemplified by a strict observance 
of the constitutions of the fraternity, by adhering to the an- 
cient landmarks of the order ; by never attempting to extort 
or otherwise unduly obtain, the secrets of a superior degree , 
-and by refraining to recommend any one to a participation 
of our secrets, unless you have strong grounds to believe 
that, by similar fidelity, he will ultimately reflect honour on qui 
choice. 

So must your obedience be proved by a close conformity to 
our laws and regulations ; by prompt attention to all signs and 
summonses : by modest and correct demeanour whilst in the 
Lodge ; by abstaining from every topic of religious or politi- 
cal discussion ; by ready acquiescence in all votes and resolu- 
tions duly passed by the brethren ; and by perfect submission 



IT 

10 the master and his wardens, whilst acting in the discharge of 
their respective offices. 

And, as a last general recommendation, let me exhort you 
b dedicate yourself to such pursuits as may enable you to 
become at once respectable in your rank of life, useful to 
mankind, and an ornament to the society of which you have 
this day been admitted a member : that you would more 
especially devote a part of your leisure hours to the study of 
such of the liberal arts and sciences as may lie within the 
compass of your attainment, and that without neglecting the 
ordinary duties of your station, you will consider yourself 
called upon to make a daily advancement in masonic know- 
ledge. 

From the very commendable attention which you appear 
to have given to this charge, I am led to hope that you wii* 
duly appreciate the excellence of Freemasonry, and imprint 
indelibly on your mind the sacred dictates of truth, honour, ana 
virtue. 

LECTURE ON TEIE TRACING HOARD. 

The usages and customs of masons have ever corresponded 
with those of the ancient Egyptians, to which they bear a near 
affinity. Their philosophers, unwilling to expose their myste- 
ries to vulgar eyes, concealed their particular tenets and princi- 
ples of polity and philosophy under hieroglyphical figures, and 
expressed their notions of government by signs and symbols, 
which they communicated to their Priests or Magi alone, who 
were bound by oath not to reveal them. Pythagoras seems to 
have established his system on a similar plan, and many orders 
of a more recent date have copied their example. But ma- 
sonry, however, is not only the most ancient, but the most mo- 
ral institution that has ever existed, as every character, figure, 
and emblem depicted in the lodge has a moral tendency, and 
tends to inculcate the practice of vitue. 

Let me first call your attention to the form of the Lodge? 
which is of an oblong square : in the length from east to weste 
in breadth between north and south, in depth from the surface 
of the earth to the centre, and even as high as the heavens. 
The reason that a Freemason's Lodge is represented of this vast 
extent is to show the universality of the science, and that a Ma- 
son's charity should know no bounds save those of prudence- 
3 c 



18 

Our Lodge stands on holy ground ; because, the first Lodge 
was consecrated on account of three grand offerings thereon 
made, which met with divine approbation : first, the ready com- 
pliance of Abraham to the will of God, in not refusing to offer 
up his son Isaac as a burnt offering, when it pleased the Al- 
mighty to substitute a more agreeable victim in his stead ; se- 
cond, the many pious prayers and ejaculations of King David, 
which actually appeased the wrath of God, and stayed a pes* 
tilence which then raged among his people, owing to his inad- 
vertently having had them numbered : and thirdly, the many 
thanksgivings, oblations, burnt sacrifices, and costly offerings,' 
which Solomon King of Israel made at the completion, dedi- 
cation, and consecration of the Temple of Jerusalem to God's 
service. Those three did then, have since, and I trust, ever 
will, render the ground-work of Masonry holy. Our Lodge is 
situated due east and west ; because all places of divine wor- 
ship, as well as Masons' regular, well-formed, and constituted 
Lodges are, or ought to be, so situated : for which we assign 
three Masonic reasons ; first, the sun, the glory of the Lord, 
rises in the east and sets in the west ; second, learning origi- 
nated in the east, and from thence spreads its benign influence 
to the west ; a third, last, and grand reason, which is too long 
to be entered upon now, is explained in the course of our lec- 
tures, which you will have many opportunities of hearing. 

Our Lodge is supported by three grand pillars. They are 
called wisdom, strength, and beauty. Wisdom to contrive, 
strength to support, and beauty to adorn. Wisdom to conduct 
us in all our undertakings ; strength to support us under all our 
difficulties, and beauty to adorn the inward man. The universe 
is the temple of the Deity whom we serve — wisdom, strength, 
and beauty, are about his throne as pillars of his works; for 
his wisdom is infinite, his strength is omnipotent, and beauty 
shines through the whole of the creation. In symmetry and 
order, the heavens he has stretched forth as a canopy ; the 
earth he has planted as his footstool ; he crowns his temple 
with stars, as with a diadem ; and his hands extend their power 
and glory. The sun and the moon are messengers of his will, 
and all his law is concord. The three great pillars supporting- 
a Mason's Lodge are emblematical of those divine attributes, 
and further represent Solomon King of Israel, Hiram King of 
Tyre, and Hiram Abiff. — Solomon King of Israel for his wis- 



39 

£ozn in building, completing, and dedicating the temple at Je- 
rusalem to God's service ; Hiram King of Tyre for his strength 
in supporting him with men and materials ; and Hiram Abiff 
for his curious and masterly workmanship in beautifying and 
adorning the same. As there are no noble orders in architec- 
ture known by the name of wisdom, strength and beauty, we 
refer them to the three most celebrated — the Doric, Ionic, and 
(he Corinthian. 

The covering of a Freemason's Lodge is a celestial canopy 
of divers colours, even as the heavens. The way by which 
we, as masons, hope to arrive at it is by the assistance of a 
ladder, in Scripture called Jacob's ladder. It is composed of 
many staves, or rounds, which point out as many moral vir- 
tues. Three are principal ones — Faith, Hope, and Charity. 
Faith in the great Architect of the universe ; hope in salva- 
tion; and to be in charity with all men. It reaches to the 
heavens, and rests on the volume of the sacred law ; because, 
by the doctrines contained in that holy book, we are taught 
to believe in the wise dispensations of Divine Providence, 
which belief strengthens our faith and enables us to ascend 
the first step. This faith naturally creates in us a hope of 
becoming partakers of the blessed promises therein recorded, 
which hope enables us to ascend the second step. But the 
third and last being charity, comprehends the whole ; and^ 
the Mason who is possessed of that virtue in its most ample 
• sense, may justly be deemed to have attained the summit of 
his profession, figuratively speaking, an ethereal mansion 
veiled from mortal eye by the starry firmament ; emblema- 
tically depicted here by seven stars, which have an allusion to 
as many regularly made Masons, without which number no 
Lodge is perfect, nor can any candidate be legally initiated into 
the order. 

The interior of % a Freemason's Lodge is composed of orna- 
ments, furniture, and jewels. The ornaments of the Lodge are 
the Mosaic pavement, the blazing star, and the indented or tes- 
selated border. The mosaic pavement is the beautiful flooring 
of a Freemason's Lodge ; the blazing star, the glory in the cen- 
tre ; and the indented or tesselated border, the skirt work round 
the same. The mosaic pavement may justly be deemed the 
beautiful flooring of the Lodge, by reason of its being variegated 
and chequered. This points out the diversity of objects which 



20 

decorate and adorn the creation, the animate as well as the in- 
animate parts thereof. The blazing star or glory in the centre 
refers us to that grand luminary the sun, which enlightens the 
earth, and, by its benign influence, dispenses its blessings to 
mankind in general. The indented or tasselated border refers 
us to the planets, which, in their various revolutions, form a 
beautiful border of skirt work round that grand luminary the 
sun, as the other does round that of a Freemason's Lodge. 
The furniture of the Lodge is the volume of the sacred law, the 
compasses and the square. The sacred writings are to govern 
our faith. On them we obligate our candidates for Masonry. 
So are the compass and square when united to regulate our 
lives and actions. The sacred volume is derived from God to 
man in general. The compasses belong to the Grand Master in 
particular, and the square to the whole craft. 

The Jewels of the Lodge are three moveable and three im- 
moveable. The moveable jewels are the square, level, and 
plumb-rule. Among operative Masons, the square is to try 
and adjust all irregular corners of buildings, and to assist in 
bringing rude matter into due form ; the level, to lay levels and 
prove horizontals ; and the plumb-rule to try and adjust all up- 
rights while fixed on their proper basis. Among free and ac- 
cepted Masons, the square teaches morality, the level equality, 
and the plumb-rule justness and uprightness of life and actions. 
They are called moveable jewels because they are worn by the 
Master and his Wardens, and are transferable from them to 
their successors on nights of installation. The Master is distin- 
guished by the square ; the Senior Warden by the level, and 
the Junior Warden by the plumb-rule. The immoveable jewels 
are the tracing board and the rough and perfect ashlers. The 
tracing board is for the Master to lay lines and to draw designs 
on. The rough ashler for the entered apprentice to work, mark, 
and indent on ; and the perfect ashler for the experienced crafts- 
man to try and adjust his jewels on. They are called immove- 
able, because they lie open for the brethren to moralize upon. 
As the tracing board is for the Master to lay lines and draw de- 
signs on. the better to enable the brethren to carry on the in*» 
tended structure with regularity and propriety, so the volume of 
the sacred law may justly be deemed the spiritual tracing board 
of the great Architect of the universe, in which are laid down 
such divine laws and moral plans, that, were we conversant 



21 

therein and adherent thereto, they would bring us to an ethereal 
mansion not built by hands, but eternally in the heavens. The 
rough ashler is a stone, rough and unhewn, as taken from the 
quarry, till by the industry and ingenuity of the workman it is 
modelled, wrought into due form, and rendered fit for the in- 
tended building. This represents the mind of man in its infant 
or primitive state, rough and unpolished as that stone, till by the 
kind care and attention of his parents or guardians, in giving him 
a liberal and virtuous education, his mind becomes cultivated, 
and he is thereby rendered a fit member of civilized society. 
The perfect ashler is a stone of a true die, square, and fit only 
to be tried by the square and compasses. This represents the 
mind of man in a decline of years, after a regular and well- 
spent life in acts of piety and virtue, which can no otherwise be 
tried and approved, than by the square of God's word, and the 
compasses of his own self-convincing conscience. 

In all regular, well-formed, constituted Lodges, there is a 
point within a circle round which a Mason cannot err. This 
circle is bounded between north and south by two grand pa- 
rallel lines, and one represents Moses, the other King Solomon. 
On the upper part of this circle rests the volume of the sacred 
law, which supports Jacob's Ladder, the top of which reaches 
to the heavens ; and were we as adherent to the doctrines 
therein contained as both those parallels were it would not de- 
ceive us, nor should we suffer deception. In going round this 
circle, we must necessarily touch on both those parallel lines 
and on the sacred volume, and while a Mason keeps himself 
thus circumscribed he cannot err. 

The word Lewis denotes strength, and is here depicted by 
certain pieces of metal, which, when dovetailed in a stone, form 
a cramp, and enables the operative Mason to raise great weights 
to certain heights with little encumbrance, and to fix them on 
thsir proper bases. Lewis likewise denotes the son of a Mason. 
His duty is to bear the burden and heat of the day, from 
which his parents, by reason of their age, ought to be exempt ; 
to help them in time of need, and thereby render the close 
of their days happy and comfortable. His privilege for sc 
doing is to be made a Mason before any other person, however 
dignified. 

Pendant to the corners of the Lodge are four tassels, meant 
to remind us of the four cardinal virtues, namely, Temperance, 



Fortitude, Prudence, and Justice, the whole of which tradition 
informs us were constantly practised by a great majority of our 
ancient brethren. The distinguishing characters of a good 
Freemason are virtue, honour, and mercy ; and should those be 
banished from all other societies, may they ever be found in a 
Mason's breast. 

LECTURE IN THE FIRST DEGREE. 

Introduction. 
Masonry, according to the general acceptation of the term, 
is an art founded on the principles of Geometry, and directed 
to the service and convenience of mankind ; but Freemasonry, 
embracing a wider range, and having a nobler object in view, 
namely, the cultivation and improvement of the human mind, 
may, with more propriety, be called a science ; inasmuch as, 
availing itself of the terms of the former, it inculcates the prin- 
ciples of the purest morality, though its lessons are for the 
most part veiled in allegory and illustrated by symbols. To 
draw aside this veil, therefore, or more properly speaking, to 
penetrate throughout it, is the object of directors in Free- 
masonry, and by a careful and appropriate attention to them 
we may hope, ultimately, to become acquainted with all its 
mysteries. 

The Lecture of the First Degree is divided into seven sec- 
tions, and each section is subdivided into three clauses. 
Throughout the whole virtue is painted in the most beautiful 
colours, and the duties of morality are every where strictly 
enforced. The principles of knowledge are imprinted on 
the memory by lively and sensible images, well calculated to 
wifh-pnce our conduct in the proper discharge of the duties 
or social life. The mode of Masonic instruction is catecheti- 
cal; I shall, therefore, Brethren, without further comment, 
challenge you by the usual questions, and I have no doubt 
hvt you will reply to them in a becoming manner. Assured, 
*h^n, Brother Senior Warden, by a previous conviction, that 
tou are a Freemason, let me ask you, in that character, from 
vbence came ybu ? 

first section. — First Clause. 
Q. Brother Senior Warden, from whence came you ? 
A. From the West 



23 

Q. Whither arc you directing your course ? 

A. To the East. 

Q. What is your object? 

A. To seek a Master, and from hi in to gain instruction. 

Q. Who are you, that want instruction ? 

A A Free and Accepted Mason. 

Q. What mode of introduction have you to recommend 
yourself to notice as a Mason ? 

A. (Gives the E. A. sign.) A salute of respect to the Mas- 
ter in the chair. 

Q. Any other recommendation ? 

A. (Gives the sig?i.) A hearty salute to all under his 
direction. 

Q. For what purpose came you hither ? 

A. To regulate my conduct, correct my passions, and make 
a progress in Masonry. 

Q. How do you know yourself to be a Mason ? 

A. By the regularity of my initiation, repeated trials and ap- 
probations, and a readiness at all times to undergo an exami- 
nation, when properly called on. 

Q. How shall I know you to be a Mason ? 

A. By signs, tokens, and perfect points of my entrance. 

Q. What are signs? 

A. All squares, levels, and perpendiculars, and those when 
duly given, a Mason will hail and obey. 

Q. To what do they serve ! 

A. To distinguish a Mason by day. 

Q. What are tokens? 

A. Certain peculiar and friendly grips, which, when reci- 
procally given, will distinguish a Mason by night as well as by 
day. 

Q. W T hat are the perfect points of entrance? 

A. Points which I am bound most carefully to conceal. 

Q. Give me the number ? 

A. Three are known to me. 

Q. I also acknowledge three, — will you name them ? 

A. Reciprocally with you, I will. 

Q. Begin then? 

A. Of. 
Q. At. 
A. On. 



Q. Explain them ? 

A. Of, with respect to apparel. At, the door of the Lodge. 
On, my left knee bare and bended. 

Q. Why are they called perfect points of entrance ? 

A. Because they include the whole ceremony of initiation* 

Q, How so ? 

A. 0/', includes the whole ceremony of preparation : At, 
that of due submission : and On, that of a solemn obligation. 

Second Clause. 

Q. Where were you made a Mason ? 

A. In a Lodge, just, perfect, and regular 

Q. What do you mean by a Lodge ? 

A. An assembly of Masons met to expatiate on the myste- 
ries of Freemasonry. 

Q. What makes it just? 

A. The volume of the sacred law unfolded. 

Q. What makes it perfect ? 

A. The number seven. 

Q. Of whom is the number composed ? 

A. Three Masters, two Fellow-Crafts, and two Entered Ap- 
prentices. 

Q. Why so? 

A. That every order of Masonry may be virtually present by 
their representatives, to ratify and confirm the proceeding? of 
the whole. 

Q. What makes it regular ? 

A. The warrant of constitution. 

Q. What is the warrant of constitution ? 

A. The sanction of the Grand Master presiding over Masons 
for the country in which the Lodge is held. 

Q. When were you made a Mason ? 

A. When the sun was at its meridian. 

Q. In this country, Masons' Lodges are usually held in the 
evening : How do you account for this, which at first appears 
a paradox ? 

A. The sun being a fixed body, the earth constantly re- 
volving round it on its own axis, it necessarily follows., that 
the sun is always at its meridian, and Freemasonry oeing 
universally spread over its surface, it follows as a second 



25 

consequence, that the sun is always at. its meridian with re- 
spect to freemasonry . 

Q. By whom were yon made a Mason ? 

A. By the Worshipful Master, assisted by the Wardens, and 
in the presence of the Brethren assembled. 

Q. Where was the Master placed ? 

A. In the East. 

Q. Why so ? 

A. As the sun rises in the East, to open and enliven the 
day, so is the Worshipful Master placed in the East to open 
the Lodge, and employ and instruct the Brethren in Masonry. 

Q. W r here was the Junior Warden placed ? 

A. In the South. 

Q. Why so? 

A. To mark the sun at its meridian, to call the Brethren 
from labour to refreshment, and from refreshment to laboui , 
that profit and pleasure may be the result. 

Q. Where is the Senior Warden placed ? 

A. In the West. 

Q. Why so ? 

A. To mark the setting sun, to close the Lodge by the com- 
mand of the W r orshipful Master, after seeing that every one 
has his just due. 

Q. What do they conjointly represent ? 

A. The sun in the three stages of its diurnal progress. 

Q. Illustrate this farther ? 

As the sun rises in the East to open the day, and dispenses 
.ight, life, and nourishment to the whole creation, it is well re- 
presented by the Worshipful Master, who is placed in the east 
to open the Lodge, and who imparts light, knowledge, and in- 
struction to all under his direction. When it arrives at its 
greatest altitude in the south, where its beams are most pierc- 
ing and the cool shade most refreshing, it is then also well re- 
presented by the Junior Warden, who is placed in the south to 
observe its approach to the meridian, and at the hour of noon 
to call the Brethren from labour to refreshment. Still pursuing- 
its course to the west, the sun at lenglh closes the day, and 
lulls all nature to repose ; it is then fitly represented by the 
Senior Warden, who is placed in the west to close the Lodge 
by command of the Worshipful Master, after having rendered 
to every one the just reward of his labour, and after enabling 



26 

them to enjoy that repose which is the genuine fruit of hcmmm 
industry. 

Third Clause 

Q. Why were you made a Mason ? 

A. For the sake of obtaining the knowledge and secrets pre 
served among Freemasons. 

Q. Where are those secrets kept ? 

A. In their hearts. 

Q. To whom are they revealed ? 

A. To Masons, and to Masons alone. 

Q. How are they revealed ! 

A. By signs, tokens, and particular words. 

Q. By what means is any further conversation held T 

A. By means of a key equally singular in its construction 
and in its operation. 

Q. Where is this key found ? 

A. Within an arch of bone. 

Q. Where does it lie ? 

A. It does not lie, it is suspended. 

Q. Why so? 

A. That it might be always ready to perform its office, and 
never betray its trust through negligence. 

Q, What is it suspended by? 

A. The thread of life. 

Q. Why so nearly connected with the heart ? 

A. To lock its secrets from the unworthy, and to open its 
treasures to the deserving. 

Q. Of what is this key composed ? 

A. It is not composed of metal, nor formed by any morta* 
art. 

Q. Explain this mystery ? 

A. It is the tongue of good report, ever ready to protect, 
never to betray. 

Q. What are its distinguishing characteristics ? 

A. To defend the interests of a Brother in his absence, to 
speak favourably of him, if truth will permit ; and when that 
cannot be done with propriety, to adopt a, Mason's peculiar 
virtue, silence. 



27 



MORAL. 



We have now, Brethren, closed the first section of our lee- 
lure ; which, though it professes to embrace little more than 
preliminaries, will serve to teach us that the zeal of Masons in 
the acquisition of knowledge is bounded by no space, since 
they travel from East to West in its pursuit, and the principles 
which actuate the pursuit are highly conducive to morality,— 
namely, the attempt to rule and subdue the passions ; and 
lastly, where candour cannot commend, their silence will at 
least avoid reproach. 



second section. — First Clause. 

a Mason \ 

ex* 



Q. What preparation is necessary to be made a Mason ? 

A. A preparation of a twofold nature, internal and < 
ternal. 

Q. Where does the first take place? 

A. In the heart. 

Q. That being internal, how is it to be exemplified ? _ 

A. By the declaration I was called on to make with re- 
spect to the motives which induced me to seek the privileges of 
Freemasonry. 

Q. Of how many parts is that declaration composed ? 

A. Three. 

Q. Repeat them ? 

A. First, that I was free by birth, and of the full age of 
twenty-one years. Second, that unbiassed by the improper 
solicitation of friends, and uninfluenced by mercenary or 
other unworthy motive, I freely and voluntarily offered myself 
a candidate for the mysteries of Freemasonry. Thirdly, that 
I was prompted solely 'by a favourable opinion preconceived of 
the institution, and a desire of knowledge ; and that I would 
cheerfully conform to all the ancient usages and established 
customs of the order, 

Q. What further testimony were you required to gTve as 
proof of the sincerity of your intentions? 

A. I was required to sign my name to the substance of the 
Ibregoing declaration. 

Q. Where did the next or external preparation take puce ? 
V In a convenient room adjoining the Lodge. 



28 

Q. How were you prepared ? 

A. I was deprived of all metal, and hoodwinked, — my right 
arm, left breast, and left knee made bare, — my right heel slip- 
shod, — and a cable-tow put round my neck. 

Q. Why deprived of metal? 

A. That I might bring nothing offensive or defensive into the 
Lodge, as the principles of Masonry forbidding the one, render 
the other unnecessary. 

Q. The second reason ? 

A. To prove to me, that wealth and distinction, however va- 
lued in the world, could have no influence in procuring my ad- 
mission or advancement among Masons. 

Q. The third reason ? 

A.. To imprint on my memory the peculiarity of a cir- 
cumstance which occurred at the building of the Temple of 
Jerusalem, under the auspices of King Solomon, inasmuch as, 
during the whole time, there was not the sound of axe, hammer, 
or any other tool of brass or iron heard within the precinct 
of Mount Sion, to disturb the peaceful sanctity of that holy 
place. 

Q. How was this structure completed without the aid of 
those implements ? 

A. The stones were hewn in the quarry, there carved, marked, 
and numbered. The timber was felled and prepared in the 
forest of Lebanon, and conveyed by floats from Tyre to Joppa. 
The metals were fused and cast on the plains of Zeredathah. 
After which, the whole was conveyed to Jerusalem, and there 
set up by means of mauls and other implements, prepared for 
that purpose. 

Q. Why were the materials prepared so far off? 

A. The better to distinguish the excellence of the Craft; for, 
although the materials were prepared at so great a distance, 
when they came to be set up at Jerusalem, the whole appeared 
more like the work of the Great Architect of the Universe^, 
than of mortal hands. 

Q. W 7 hy were metallic tools prohibited ? 

A. That the Temple of God might not be polluted. 

Q. What is the moral inference which we derive from their 
prohibition ? 

A, That our ancient and venerable institution depends not 
for its support and permanency on any principle of a com put- 



29 

si*e ei coercive nature, but is best cemented by um perfect 
union and haimony of its constituent parts. 

Second Clause. 

Q. Why were you hoodwinked ? 

A. In case of refusal to undergo the accustomed ceremonies 
in making a Mason, I might be led out of the Lodge without 
discovering its form. 

Q. The second reason ? 

A. That, as I was received into Masonry in a state of uttei 
darkness, until duly brought to light, so it was considered that 
I should keep all the world in ignorance of our institutions 
until they were lawfully gained. 

Q. The third reason ? 

A. That my heart might ^be taught to conceive before my eyes 
were permitted to discover. 

Q. Why was your right arm made bare ? 

A. As a token of confidence, and to show that I was ui*~ 
armed and unguarded. 

Q. Why was your left breast made bare ? 

A. As a token of sincerity, and to show that I was no im- 
postor. 

Q. Why was your left knee made bare ? 
. A. As a token of humility. 

Q. Why were you slip-shod ? 

A. It alludes to a very ancient custom of slipping the shoe 
from off the foot, as a pledge of fidelity to the articles of any 
solemn compact. 

Q. Why was a cable-tow placed round your neck? 

A. That if influenced by fear, I should attempt to fall back, 
all hopes of retreat might be cut off. 

Q. Being thus properly prepared, where were you conducted, 
and by whom ? \ 

A. To the door of the Lodge by a friend, whom I afterwards 
found to be a Brother. 

Q. Why in that condition ? 

A. That I might thence learn as a Mason to practise uni- 
versal beneficence, to be as eyes to the blind, and feet to the 
lame ; that, whenever, in my progress through life, I should 
meet with a worthy man, particularly a Mason, in that state of 



30 

distress, the appearance of which I then voluntarily assumecu I 
should stretch forth my right hand of Fellowship to comfort, 
and protect him. 

Third Clause, 

Q. Being in a state of darkness, how did you know it to be 
a door ? 

A. By meeting with opposition, and afterwards gaining ad- 
mission. 

Q. Whom did you meet to oppose your entrance ? 

A. One whom I afterwards found to be the Tiler. 

Q, What is his peculiar duty ? 

A. To be armed with a drawn sword, to keep away all 
cowans and listeners from Masonry, and to see the candidate 
come properly prepared. 

Q. How did you gain admission ? 

A. By three knocks on the door. 

Q. To what do they allude ? 

A. To a venerable exhortation, seek and ye shall find* 
ask and ye shall have, knock and it shall be opened unto 
you. 

Q. How do you apply that exhortation to your then situa- 
tion ? 

A. I sought in my mind, asked of my friend, he knocked, 
and the door of Masonry became opened unto me. 

Q. Who then came to your assistance ? 

A. One whom I afterwards found to be the Inner Guard. 

Q. What is his peculiar duty ? 
. A. To admit Masons upon proof, to receive the candi- 
date in due form, and to obey the commands of the Junior 
Warden. 

Q. What did he demand of the Tiler ? 

A. Who he had got there. 

Q. The Tiler's answer ? 

A. Mr. N , a poor candidate, in a state of darkness, 

who has been well and worthily recommended, regularly pro- 
posed, and approved in open Lodge, who now comes of his 
own free will, properly prepared, humbly soliciting to be ad- 
mitted to the mysteries and privileges of Freemasenrv , 

Q. What said the Inner Guard ? 



31 

A. How does ne hope to attain those privileges ? 

Q. The Tiler's answer ? 

A. By the help of God, being free-born, and of good 
report, 

Q. Were you admitted on this ? 

A. No. I was desired to halt till duly reported to the Wor- 
shipful Master, who, after having observed that the tongue of 
good report had already been heard in my favour, was pleased 
to order my admission. 

Q. On what were you admitted ? 

A. On the point of a sharp instrument presented to my naked 
left breast. 

Q. For what purpose ? 

A. To distinguish my sex, and to show that I was no im- 
postor. 

Q. After gaining your admission, how were you disposed 
of? 

A. I was conducted by the Junior Deacon through the 
exterior avenues, till I arrived at the portal of the Lodge 
itself, the Inner Guard all the while holding a sword to my 
naked left breast, and the Junior Deacon a cable-tow round 
my neck. On halting there, the Worshipful Master was 
pleased to observe, that as no person could be made a Mason 
unless he was free-born and of mature age, he demanded of 
me whether I was free by birth, and of the full age of twenty- 
one. To which I agreed that I was. 

Q. What was then required of you ? 

A. To kneel while the blessing of Heaven was invoked on 
our Droceedings 



The moral of the second section of our lecture is the in- 
struction that we should be, firstly, qualified by birth and 
age, to go in pursuit of knowledge in important secrets ; 
secondly, that we should be as humble in mind, as, at our 
initiation, we are presented in bodily posture and apparel ; 
thirdly, the hoodwinking represents the dark state of our 
minds at that period ; fourthly, being bereft of money, the 
circumstances that the humility of poverty is more favourable 
to the pursuit of useful knowledge, than the possession 



32 

riches that may inflate our natural pride ; and fifthly, that the 
steady pursuit of kno pledge is more peculiarly the province oi 
the male sex, 

THIRD SECTION. 

Q. What is Freemasonry? 

A. A peculiar system of morality, veiled in allegory and il- 
lustrated by symbols. 

Q. What are the three great principles on which Free- 
masonry is founded? 

A. Brotherly love, relief, and truth. 
Q. I will thank you to illustrate Brotherly love ? 
A. Brotherly love is the sacred principle which combines 
and cements our fraternity in the practice of moral virtue 
and the pursui t of scientific attainment. By this generous 
sentiment, we are taught to divest ourselves of each selfish 
consideration and narrow prejudice, reflecting that we are 
united bv a strict and endearing relation, as creatures of the 
same God, children of the same first parents, and Brethren of 
the same solid tie. 

Q. I will thank you to illustrate relief? 
A. Relief is a duty which every man owes to his fellow 
man in consideration of the common infirmities of human 
nature ; but stronger is the claim to those to whom we are 
voluntarily and reciprocally pledged in the bond of brotheriy 
love and affection, and therefore unquestionable is the right 
of Masons to rely upon each other for succour in the hour of 
need, by pecuniary, or by procuring assistance, advice, and 
protection, according to their relative circumstances, and con- 
ditions in life. 

Q. I will thank you to illustrate truth ? 
A. Truth is a principle of inimitable and eternal nature, 
derived from the great Father of light, conformable with 
his holy will, and interwoven with the laws of his creation. 
. Jt is the duty of every true Mason who seeks to walk accord- 
ing to the light, to make that sacred principle the guide of 
is words and actions, ever remembering that truth and wis- 
tm are the same ; and to him who makes truth the object 
his search, that truth will assuredly prove the reward of his 
rseverance. 



S3 

How many principal points are there 'n Masonry > 

A. Four. 

Q. To what do they refer ? 

A. To the ceremony of initiation, are denominated from so 
^nany parts of the human body, and are called Guttural, Pec- 
oral, Mental, and Pedal, 

Q. To what do they further allude ? 

A. To the four cardinal virtues — Temperance, Fortitude, 
Prudence, and Justice. 

Q. To which of those virtues does the Guttural allude ? 

A. Temperance, which demands such a cautious habit of 
restraint as may be necessary to preserve us from the risk of 
violating our obligation and incurring its penalty. 

Q. To which the Pectoral? 

A. The Pectoral more particularly refers to the virtue of 
fortitude, which is equally necessary to defend our hearts 
against the powerful influence of allurements to terrors, that 
might prevail over our weakness, and, by extorting from us 
the secrets of Masonry, would plant an eternal torment in our 
conscience. 

Q. To which the Mental? 

A. The Mental reminds us of that deliberate and steady 
jprudence which ought to guide our actions, forbidding us to 
seal with the sacred pledge of our right hand what the heart 
has not sanctioned with its approbation. 

Q. To which the Pedal? 

A. The Pedal is the point on which we receive the first great 
recommendation of the Master, ever to continue as we then 
appeared, upright men and Masons. It therefore denotes the 
duty of universal justice, which consists in doing to others as 
we would they should do to us. 

Q. I , will thank you to illustrate Temperance. 

A. Temperance is more peculiarly the virtue of prosperity, 
as it guards the soul against those insidious allurements by 
which its nobler feelings are too often corrupted. But her uk 
fluence is not confined to the hour of prosperity alone : she 
forms the mind to a general habit of restraint over its appetites, 
: ts passions, and even its virtues ; any of which, if allowed to 
acquire exclusive influence over the soul, would concentrate the 
faculties in a single point, absorb its feelings, and confine its 
energies, insensibly producing intolerance of sentiment? aii£ 

P. I. n 



34 

regenerating into an excess scarcely less pernicious than vice 
itself. Temperance may, therefore, be styled the crown of art 
jhe virtues. Her influence, like the Masters of the ancient 
yre, can modulate the varied chords of lively sympathy, 
or generous feelings, till each acquires its due tone and vi- 
bration, and the whole become blended in one sweet accordant 
harmony. 

Q. I will thank you to illustrate Fortitude? 

A. Fortitude is that virtue which arms the soul against 
the storms of adversity, enables it to rise superior to distress 
and danger, and gives it strength to resist the temptations 
and allurements of vice. But this virtue is equally distant 
from impetuous rashness on the one hand, and from disho- 
nest cowardice on the other. The truly brave neither shrink 
from the evils which they are distrained to encounter^ nor 
rush on danger without feeling and estimating its full extent. 
Fortitude, therefore, differs from constitutional hardiness, as 
real benevolence is distinguished from weakness, being actuated 
not by a principle of blind instinctive daring, but by the nobler 
motives of virtuous energy. He who with steady aim pursues 
the course which wisdom recommends, and justice consecrates, 
can cheerfully meet the hour of trial, smile at impending dan- 
ger, and contemn every sordid or unworthy motive which 
would deter or seduce him from the path of duty ; whilst 
fearing God alone, he knows no other fear, and dares do ail 
that does become a man — ever remembering, that he who dares 
do more is none. 

Q. I will thank you to illustrate Prudence ? 

A. Prudence may justly be defined the clear and distinct 
perception of the several relations between our actions and the 
purposes to which they are directed. In this view, it deserves 
to be considered as the first neat principle of human wisdom ; 
and justly has the Roman moralist declared, that where pru- 
dence rules the mind, fortune has no influence. The prudent 
man, before he engages in any enterprize, maturely reflects on 
the consequences which may probably result from it, balancing 
with steady deliberations the several probabilities of good ana 
evil, extending his views into futurity, and revolving in his mine j 
every circumstance of doubtful event, affecting the end whicta 
he has in view, or the means which he purposes to use. He 
decides not hastily, and when he has decided, commits nothing 



35 

to chance ; but, comparing the three great periods of time with 
each other, from the reflection of the past regulates the present 
and provides for the future ; by which means he neither wastes 
his energies improvidently, nor meets the occurrences in life in- 
cautiously. 

Q. I will thank you to illustrate Justice ? 

A. As prudence directs us in the selection of the means most 
proper to attain our ends, so Justice teaches us to propose to 
ourselves such ends only as are consistent with our several 
relations to society, rendering to all, without distinction, those 
dues which they are respectively entitled to claim from us ; 
bending with implicit obedience to the will of our Creator, and 
being scrupulously attentive to the sacred duties of life ; zea- 
lous in our attachments to our native country ; exemplary in 
our allegiance to the government under which we reside ; treat- 
ing our superiors with reverence, our equals with kindness, and 
to our inferiors extending the benefit of admonition, instruction, 
and protection. 

Q. Is there any symbolical reference to be derived from 
these points ? 

A. The speculative Mason beholds a symbolical allusion 
to the four great rivers which flowed out of the Garden of 
Eden. 

Q. I will thank you to illustrate them ? 

A. In Pison our first parents revered the fountain of Pr&*< 
dence. In Gihon they beheld the sacred stream of Justice 
The rapid and irresistible torrent of Heddekel denotes Forti 
tude. And the Phrath, or Euphrates, the mild but steady 
current of Temperance. Happy was their state, while thes* 
sacred dictates were impressed upon their minds ; and happy 
may be our future lot, if we, through life, observe the lessoi 
which they inculcate. Instructed by Prudence, guided t 
Justice, strengthened by Fortitude, and by Temperance r 
strained. 

MORAL. 

Here, Brethren, we close the third section of our lecturei 
This section may, with strict propriety, be called didactica. 
or preceptive. The assertion is fully made out, that mo- 
rality is the great subject with which Freemasonry is convei* 



ot) 



ttfcifc Hence it follows, that the virtuous Mason, after he tias 
enlightened his own mind with those sage and moral precepts, 
3s the more ready to enlighten and enlarge the understanding of 
others. 



-10 CLOSE THE LODGE IN THE FIRST OR ENTERED APPRENTICE'S 
DEGREE. 

( The Master gives a knock, which is answered by a knock from 
each Warden as a call to order.) 

W. M. Brethren, assist me co close the Lodge. — Brother 
Junior Warden, the constant care of every Mason ? 

J. W. To prove the Lodge close tiled. 

W. M. Direct that duty to be done. 

J. W. Brother Inner Guard, you will prove the Lodge 
close tiled . 

(The I. G. gives three knocks on the inside of the door, which 
are answered by the Outer Guard, or Tiler, in the same way, 
which indicates that the Lodge is close tiled.) 

I. G. Brother Junior Warden, the Lodge is close tiled. 

(This communication is made with the Entered Apprentice 
sign ; the Junior Warden gives three distinct knocks, makes 
the sign, and says, Worshipful Master, the Lodge is close 
tiled.) 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, what is the next care ? 

S. W. To see the Brethren appear to order as Masons. 

W. M. To order, Brethren, as Masons. — Brother Senior 
Warden, vour situation in the Lodge ? 

S. W. " In the West. 

W. M. Your duty when so placed ? 

S. W. As the sun disappears in the West to close the day, 
so the Senior Warden is placed in the west to close the Lodge 
by command of the Worshipful Master, after seeing that every 
one has his just dues. 

W. M. Our Lodge being thus duly formed, before I pro- 
ceed to declare it closed, let us with all humility and reverence 
express our gratitude to the great Architect of the Universe for 
$11 favours already received ; and may he still continue to sup- 
port our order, by cementing and adorning us with every moral 
nd social virtue. 

P. M. So mote at b* 



37 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, our labours being ended 
*ou have my command to close the Lodge. 

S. W. Brethren, in the name of the great Architect of the 
Universe, and by the command of the Worshipful Master, I 
declare this lodge closed. 

J. W. It is accordingly so done, and stands closed until 

the barring all cases of emergency, of which the Brethren 

•hall be apprised by summons. 

(The W. M,, S. W., J. W,, I, G., and T., give three 
knoeks in rotation, and pronounce the Lodge closed, and each 
lays down the instrument which is the ensign of his authority,) 

P. M. Brethren, nothing more remains to be done ; but, 
according to ancient custom, to lock up our secrets in the 
safe and sacred repositories of our hearts, with Fidelity — 
Fidelity — Fidelity; and may God be with us. {The Bible is 
closed,) 

A charge is occasionally delivered at the closing of the 
Lodge by the Master, to the following effect : — 

When the lodge is closed you are at liberty to enjoy your- 
selves with innocent mirth, but carefully avoid excess. Do not 
compel any Brother to act contrary to his inclination, or give 
offence by word or deed ; but enjoy a free and easy conversa- 
tion. Avoid immoral or obscene discourse, and at all all times 
support, wtth propriety, the dignity of your character. Be 
cautious in your words and carriage, that the most penetrating 
stranger may not discover or find out what is not proper to be 
intimated ; and, if necessary, waive the discourse, and manage 
it prudently, for the honour of the fraternity. At home, and in 
your several neighbourhoods, behave as wise and moral men. 
ftever communicate to your families, friends, or acquaintances, 
the private transactions of our different assemblies ; but, on 
every occasion, consult your honour, and the reputation of the 
fraternity at large. Study the preservation of health, by avoid- 
ing irregularity and intemperance, that your families may not be 
neglected and injured, or yourselves disabled from attending to 
your necessary employments in life. 

If a stranger apply in the character of a Mason 5 cautiously 
examine him in such a manner as prudence may direct, and 
agreeable to the forms established by Masons, that you may 
not be imposed upon by an ignorant, false pretender, whom you 
are to reject with contempt ; and beware of giving him an? 
secret hints of knowledge 



38 

But if you discover him to be a true and genuine brother, 
respect him : if he be in want, without prejudice relieve him, 
or direct him how he may be relieved ; if you can employ him. 
do so, or direct him to employment. However, you are not 
charged to do beyond your ability, only to prefer a poor Mason, 
who is a good man and true, before any other man in the same 
circumstances. 

Finally, these rules are always to be observed and enforced, 
and also the duties which have been communicated in the 
lecture. Cultivate brotherly love, the foundation and cope- 
stone, the cement and glory of this ancient fraternity ; avoid- 
ing, on every occasion, wrangling and quarrelling, slandering 
and backbiting; not permitting others to slander honest 
brethren ; but defending their characters, and doing them 
good offices, as far as may be consistent with your honour and 
safety, and no farther, Hence all may see the benign influence 
of Masonry, as all true Masons have done from the be- 
ginning of the world, and will do to the end of time. Amen, 
so mote it be. 



THE SECOND, OR FELLOW-CRAFT'S DEGREE. 

TO OPEN A LODGE IN THE SECOND DEGREE OF MASONRY, OR A 
FELLOW-CRAFT ? S LODGE. 

(The Master knocks to call attention, and is answered by the 
Wardens.) 

W. M. Brethren, assist me to open the Lodge in the Se- 
cond Degree. — Brother Junior Warden, the first caTe of every 
Fellow-Craft Mason ? 

J. W. To see the Lodge properly tiled. 

W. M. Direct that duty to be done. 

J. W. Brother Inner Guard, you will see the Lodge pro- 
perly tiled. 

I . G. ( Gives the knocks.) Brother Junior Warden, (with th* 
sign), the Lodge is properly tiled. 

J. W. (With the knocks and sign.) Worshipful Master, the 
Xodge is properly tiled. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, the next care? 

S. W. To see the Brethren appear to order ^ Fellow-Craft 
Masons*, 



3tf 

W. M. Brethren, to order as Masons in the Second De** 
gree. — Brother Junior Warden, are you a Fellow-Craft Free* 
mason? 

j. W. I am ; try me ; prove me. 

W. M. By what instrument in architecture will you be 
proved ? 

J. W. By the square. 

W. M. What is the square ? 

J. W. An angle of ninety degrees, forming the fourth part 
of a circle. 

W. M. Since you are so well informed yourself, you will 
prove the Brethren present to be Fellow-Graft Freemasons, by 
threefold signs, and demonstrate that proof to be by copying 
their example. 

J. W. Brethren, by command of the Worshipful Master, 
you are desired to prove yourselves Fellow-Craft Freemasons 
by three-fold signs : and to prevent confusion, observe the 
Senior Warden ; (all make the signs, and the Junior Warden 
says :) Worshipful Master, the Brethren present having proved 
themselves Fellow-Craft Freemasons, by three-fold signs, I, in 
obedience, to your commands, demonstrate that proof to you, by 
copying their example. 

W. M. And I acknowledge the correctness of those signs 
{repeating them). Brethren our Lodge being thus duly formed, 
before I proceed to declare it open, let us invoke a blessing 
from the grand Geometrician of the Universe, that the rays of 
Heaven may shed their benign influence over us, to enlighten 
us in the paths of nature and science. 

P. M. So mote it be (and opens the Bible at the ). 

W. M. In the name of the grand Geometrician of the 
Universe, I declare this Lodge open on the square, for the 
instruction and improvement of Fellow-Craft Freemasons. 

{The Master gives the proper knocks, and is followed by 
the Wardens, Inner Guard, and Tiler, and the Brethren take 
their seats. 

CEREMONY OF PASSING IN THE SECOND OR FELLOW-CRAFX's 
DEGREE. 

W. M. Brethren, Brother N is this evening a candi- 
date to De passed to the second degree ; but it is first requisite 



40 

that he should give proofs of proficiency in the former ; I shall 
therefore proeeed to put the necessary questions. 

QUESTIONS REQUIRED TO BE ANSWERED IN THE ENTERED 
apprentice's DEGREE, AND BEFORE A CANDIDATE IS 
ELIGIBLE TO BE PASSED TO THE FELLOW-CRAFT^ DEGREE, 

(The Master now puts the following questions of the first 
legree, and then enquires if any brother has any other question, 
to ask. The candidate is then considered as qualified.) 

Q. Where were you first prepared to be made a Free- 
mason ? 

A. In my heart. 

Q. Where next prepared ? 

A. In a convenient room adjoining the Lodge. 

Q. Describe the mode of preparation ? 

A. I was deprived of all metal, and hoodwinked ; my right 
arm, left breast, and left knee made bare ; my right heel slip- 
shod, and a cable-tow put round my neck. 

Q. How did you gain admission ? 

A. By three knocks on the door. 

Q. Why were you made a freemason ? 

A. For the sake of obtaining the knowledge and secrets pre- 
served among Freemasons. 

Q. Where were you made a Freemason? 

A. In the body of a Lodge, just, perfect, and regular. 

Q. How do you know yourself to be a Freemason ? 

A. By the regularity of my initiation, repeated trials and ap- 
probations, and a readiness at all times to undergo an examina- 
tion when properly called upon. 

Q. Since you know yourself to be a Freemason, what means 
iiave you of communicating it to others ? 

A. By signs, tokens, unci particular words, which when reci- 
procally given serve to distinguish a Freemason by night as well 
as by day. 

Q. When were you made a Mason ? 

A. When the Sun was at its meridian. 

Q, In this country, Freemasons' Lodges are usually held m 
the evening, how do you account for this, which at first appears 
a paradox ? 

A The Sub being a fixed body, the earth constantly revoiv* 



41 

ing round it on its own axis, it necessarily follows, that the 
Sun is always at its meridian; and Freemasonry being uni- 
versally spread oier its surface, it follows, as a second con- 
sequence, that the Sun is always at its meridian with respect to 
Freemasonry. 

Q. What is Freemasonry ? 

A. A peculiar system of morality, veiled in allegory, and 
illustrated by symbols. 



W.»M. Brother N , you will come this way. Do you 

pledge your honour as a man, and your fidelity as a Mason, 
that, you will steadily persevere through the ceremony of being 
passed to the second degree? 

B.N. I do. 

W. M. Do you likewise pledge yourself that you will con 
ceal what I shall now impart to you with the same strict cau- 
tion as the other secrets in Masonry ? 

B. N. I will. 

W. M. Then I will intrust you with a test of merit, which 
is, a passing grip and a passing word leading to the door of the 
Lodge into which you seek to be admitted. The passing grip 
is given by a distinct pressure of the thumb of your right hand 
between the joints of the first and middle fingers of the right 
hand of a brother. This demands a passing word, which, is 
Shibboleth. The word Shibboleth denotes plenty, and is 
usually depicted in our Lodges by an ear of corn near a fall of 
water. You will be particularly careful to remember this word, 
as, without it, you cannot gain admission to a Lodge in a supe- 
rior degree. 

(Brother N withdraws, and Lodge is opened in the se- 
cond degree, as during his examination and instruction it could 
only be opened in the first degree. After the examination of the 
candidate by the Tiler, as to the passing grip and word, the 
knock takes place at the door, and the Inner Guard demands who 
is there, and reports.') 

I, G. Worshipful Master, at the door of your Lodge stands 
Brother N , who has been regularly initiated into Ma- 
sonry, and has made such progress as he hopes will recommend 
him to be passed to the degree of a Fellow-Craft, for which 
ceremony he comes properly prepared. 



42 

W. M. How does he hope to obtain the privileges of the 
second degree. 

I. G. By the help of God, assistance of the square, and the 
benefit of a passing word. 

W. M. We acknowledge the propriety of the aid by which 
he seeks it. Do you, Brother Inner Guard, vouch that he is in 
possession of that passing word ? 

I. G. I do, Worshipful Master. 

W. M. Then let him be admitted in due form, Brother 
Deacon. 

J. D. In the name of the grand Geometrician of the Uni* 
verse, enter in due form a Lodge of Fellow-Craft Masons upoi>, 
the square, an instrument which brings rude matter into duf 
form, and as brethren of this degree are obligated on it, so ari. 
they bound by every law, moral and divine, to act upon it with 
all mankind, more especially a Brother Mason. ( The candidate 
is not now hoodwinked ; but his left arm, right breast, and right 
knee are made bare, and the left heel slip-shod.) Brother Dea- 
con, let the candidate kneel while the blessing of Heaven is 
invoked on what we are about to do. {Master prays.) We 
supplicate the continuation of thy aid, O merciful Lord, on 
behalf of ourselves and of him who kneels before thee. May 
the work begun in thy name be continued to thy glory, and 
ever more established in us by obedience to thy precepts. So 
mote it be. ( The candidate is then raised, and led three times 
round the lodge, that all may see he is properly prepared. As he 
comes to the Wardens he gives them the pass-grip and word as 
at the door, and he is then presented to the Master.) 

S. W. Worshipful Master, I present to you Brother N — , 
a candidate properly prepared to be passed to the second de- 
gree. 

W. M. Brothel Senior Warden, you will direct the Senior 
Deacon to instruct the candidate to advance to the pedestal in 
due form. 

S. W. Brother Senior Deacon, it is the Worshipful Mas- 
ter's command that you instruct the candidate to advance to the 
east in due form. 

W. M. Brother N , as in every case the degrees of 

Freemasonry are to be kept separate and distinct, another obli- 
gation will now be required of you, in many respects similar to 
the former, are you willing to take it ? 



43 

Kr. N. lam. 

W. M. Then you will kneel on your right knee, your left 
foot in the form of a square, your body erect, place your right 
hand on the sacred volume of the law, supporting your left 
arm with the compasses, the whole forming a Square, and say, 
after me, 

I, N. N., in the presence of the Grand Geometrician of the 
Universe, and in this worshipful and warranted Lodge of 
Fellow-Craft Masons, duly constituted, regularly assembled, 
and properly dedicated, of my own free will arid accord, do 
hereby and hereon most solemnly promise and swear that 
I will always hail, conceal, and never reveal any or either of 
the secrets or mysteries of, or belonging to, the second degree 
of Freemasonry, known by the name of the Fellow-Crafts ; to 
him who is but an Entered Apprentice, no more than I would 
either of them to the uninitiated or the popular world who 
are not Masons. I further solemnly pledge myself to act 
as a true and faithful craftsman, obey signs, and maintain 
the principles inculcated in the first degree. All these points 
I most solemnly swear to obey, without evasion, equivocation, 
or mental reservation of any kind, under no less a penalty, on 
the violation of any of them, in addition to my former obliga- 
tion, than to have my left breast cut open, my heart torn there- 
from, and given to the ravenous birds of the air, or the devour- 
ing beasts of the field, as a prey : So help me Almighty God, 
and keep me steadfast in this my great and solemn obligation 
of a Fellow-Craft Mason. 

W. M. As a pledge of your fidelity, and to render this a 
solemn obligation, which would otherwise be but a serious 
promise, I will thank you to seal it with your lips twice on 
the volume of the sacred law. Your progress in masonry is 
marked by the positions of the square and compasses. 
When you were made an Entered Apprentice, both points 
were hidden. In this degree one is disclosed, implying that 
you are now in the middle of FreemasGnry ; superior to an 
Entered Apprentice, but inferior to what I trust will hereafter 
be communicated to you. Rise, newly obligated Fellow-Craft 
Freemason. You, having taken the solemn obligation cf a 
Fefiow-Craft Freemason, I shall proceed to intrust you with 
the secrets of the degree. You will advance towards me as at 
your initiation. Now take another pace with your left foot, 



44 

bringing the right heel into its hollow > as before. That is the 
second regular step in Freemasonry, and it is in this position 
that the secrets of the degree are communicated. They con- 
gist, as in the former instance, of a sign, token, and word • with 
this difference, that the sign is of a three-fold nature. The first 
part of a three-fold sign is called the sign of fidelity, emblema- 
tically to shield the repository of your secrets from the attacks 
of the cowan. ( The sign is made by pressing the right hand on the 
left breast, extending the thumb perpendicularly to form a square.) 
The second part is called the nailing sign, and is given by 
throwing the left hand up in this manner {horizontal from the 
shoulder to the elbow, and perpendicular from the elbow to the 
ends of the fingers, with the thumb and forefinger forming 
square). It took its rise at the time when Joshua fought the 
battles of the Lord in the valley of Rephidim, and from the 
memorable event of Moses having his hands supported by his 
brother Aaron whilst Joshua was fighting the Amalekites. I 
was also the position of Joshua when he prayed fervently to the 
Almighty to continue the light of day, that he might complete 
the overthrow of his enemy. And Moses also, when he cam 
down from the mount, hailed his brethren with this double sign 
{the first and second part) in order to arrest their attention, as a 
signal for them to attend to what he was about to deliver, and 
as a pledge of his sincerity and truth, and also of the import- 
ance of what he was about to declare. This was the origin of 
the sign, and on the morning that the foundation stone of the 
Temple was laid, King Solomon adopted the same double sign : 
the right hand as a token of the sincerity of his holiness and 
piety towards God, and the left hand as a token of an upright 
hand and heart in earnest prayer, imploring the blessing of the 
Most High on their pious undertaking, in erecting the Temple 
of Jerusalem to his holy service. The third part is called the 
penal sign, and is given by drawing the hand across the breasts 
and dropping it to the side. This is in allusion to the penalty 
of your obligation, implying that, as a man of honour, and a 
Fellow-Craft, you would rather have your heart torn from your 
breast, than to improperly divulge the secrets of this degree. 
The grip, or token, is given by a distinct pressure of the thumb 
on the second joint of the hand or that of the middle finger. 
This demands a word ; a word to be given and received with 
the same strict caution as the one in the former degree, either 



45 

oy letters or syllables. The word is Jachin. As in the course 
of the evening you will be called on for this word, the Senior 
Deacon will now dictate the answers you will have to give. 

S. D. What is this ? 

Brother N . The grip, or token, of a Fellow-Craft 

Freemason. 

S, D. What does it demand ?, 

Br. N. A word. 

S. D. Will you give me that word ? 

Br. N. I was taught* to be cautious in this degree, as wel. 
as in the former : I will letter or halve it with you. 

S. D. Which you please, and begin. 

Br. N. Ja. 

S. D. Chin. 

Br. N. Jachin. 

W. M. This word is derived from the right hand pillar of 
the porch or entrance to King Solomon's Temple. The import 
of the word is to establish, and when joined to the one in the 
former degree, signifies stability. (To the Senior Deacon.) 
Pass Brother N to the Junior Warden. 

S. D. Brother Junior Warden, I present to you Brother 
N , on being passed to the second degree. 

J. W. I will thank Brother N to advance toward me as a 

Fellow-Craft. ( Brother N makes the step and gives the sign.) 

J.W. What is that? 

Br. N. The hailing sign, or sign of prayer. 

J. W. Have you anything else to communicate ? (Brother 
N gives him the grip or token.) 

J. W. What is this ? 

Br. N. The grip or token of a Fellow-Craft Freemason. 

J. W. What does it demand? 

Br. N. A word. 

J. W. Will you give me that word ? 

Br. N. I was taught to be cautious in this degree as well as 
the former ; I will letter or halve it with you. 

J. W. Which you please, and begin. 

Br. N. Ja. 

J. W. Chin, 

Br. N. Jachin. (He is then passed to the Senior Warden./ 

J. W. Brother Senior Warden, I present to you Brother 
N , on being passed to the second degree, 



46 

S. W. I will thank Brother N to advance to me as a 

Fellow-Craft. (He advances with the step of the second 
degree.) 

S. D. What is that? 

Br. N. The second regular step in Freemasonry. 

S. W. Do you bring anything else with you ? 

Br. N. I do. (Gives the sign of fidelity.) 

S. W. What is that ? 

Br. N. The sign of fidelity, emblematic of shielding th= 
repository of my secrets from the attacks of the cowan. 

S. W Do you bring anything else with you ? 

Br. N. I do. (Gives the hailing sign.) 

S. W. What is that? 

Br. N. The hailing sign, or sign of prayer. 

S. W. Whence did it arise ? 

Br. N. At the time when Joshua, &c. (See former ac- 
count?) 

S. W. Do you bring anything else with you? 

Br. N. I do. (Gives the penal sign.) 

S. W. What is that? 

Br. N. The penal sign of a Fellow-Craft Freemason. 

S W. To what does it allude ? 

Br. N. To the penalty of my obligation, implying, that as a 
man of honour and a Fellow-Craft Mason, I would rather 
have my heart torn from my breast, than to improperly divulge 
the secrets of this degree. 

S. W, Have you anything else to communicate ? 

Br. N. I have. (Gives him the grip or token.) 

S. W. What is this? 

Br. N. The grip or token of a Fellow-Craft. 

S. W. What does it demand ? 

Br. N. A word. 

S. W. Will you give me that word ? 

Br. N. I was taught to be cautious in this degree, as well 
js in the former ; I will letter or halve it with you. 

S. W. Which you please, and begin. 

Br. N. Ja. 

S. W. Chin. 

Br. N. Jachin. 

S. W. From whence is this word derived ? 

Br. N. From the right-hand pillar of the porch, or entrance 



4? 

to King Solomon's Temple. 

S. W. The import of the word? 
Br. N. To establish. 

S. W. And what, when conjoined to the otner in the former 
Jegree? 

Br. N. Stability. 

S. W. Worshipful Master, I present to you Brother N , 

for some further mark of your favour. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, I delegate you to invest 
him with the distinguishing badge of a Fellow-Craft Mason. 

S. W. Brother N , by the Worshipful Master's com- 
mand, I invest you with the distinguishing badge of a 
Fellow-Craft, to mark the progress you have made in the 
science. 

W. M. Let me add to what has been stated by the Senior 
Warden, that the badge with which you have just been invested, 
points out to you, that, as a Craftsman, you are expected to 
make the liberal arts and sciences your future study, that you 
may the better be enabled to discover your duty as a Mason, 
and estimate the wonderful works of the Almighty. Brother 
Senior Deacon, you will place our Brother N at the south- 
east part of the lodge. {Being so placed, he is thus addressed 
by the Master,) 

Brother N , masonry being a progressive science, when 

you were made an Entered Apprentice, you were placed at the 
north-east part of the lodge, to show that you were newly ad- 
mitted. You are now placed at the south-east part, to mark 
the progress you have made in the science. You now stand, 
to all external appearance, a just and upright Fellow-Craft 
Mason ; I give it to you in strong terms of recommendation, 
lo continue and act as such, and as I trust the import of the 
former charge neither is nor ever will be effaced from your me- 
mory, I shall content myself with observing, that, as in the 
former degree you made yourself acquainted with the princi- 
ples of moral truth and virtue, you are now permitted to extend 
your researches into the hidden mysteries of nature and science. 
— I now present you with the working tools of a Fellow- Craft 
Mason, which are the square, level, and plumb-rule. The 
square is to try and adjust all irregular corners of buildings, 
and to assist in bringing rude matter into due form. The level, 
to lay levels, and to prove horizontals ; and the piumb-rule to 



48 

try and adjust all uprights, while fixing on their proper bases , 
As we are not all operative Masons, but rather free and ac- 
cepted, or speculative, we apply those tools to our morals. In 
Ahis sense, the square teaches morality, the level equality, an<f 
'he plumb-rule justness and uprightness of life and action 
Thus, by square conduct, level steps, and upright intentions, 
we hope to ascend to those immortal mansions, from whence 
all goodness emanates. You are now at liberty to retire, in 
order to restore yourself to your personal comforts, and on your 
return to the lodge, I shall call your attention to an explana- 
tion of the tracing board, if time will permit. (On his return 
he is placed in the ivest, and returns thanks in the following 
words.) 

Worshipful Master, Senior and Junior Wardens, Senior and 
Junior Deacons, and Brethren of this Lodge, I return you my 
most hearty and sincere thanks for the honour you have done 
me this evening, in passing me to the honourable degree of a 
Fellow-Craft Mason. 



THE CHARGE IN THE SECOND DEGREE. 

Brother N — — , being advanced to the Second Degree of 
the Order, we congratulate you on your preferment. The in- 
ternal, and not the external, qualifications of a man are whaf 
masonry regards. As you increase in knowledge, you will 
consequently improve in social intercourse. It is unnecessary 
to recapitulate the duties, which, as a Mason, you are now 
bound to discharge ; or enlarge on the necessity of a strict ad- 
herence to them, as your own experience must have established 
their value. It may be sufficient to observe, that your past be- 
haviour and regular deportment have merited the honour which 
we have conferred ; and in your new character, it is expected 
that you will not only conform to the principles of the order, 
but steadily persevere in the practice of every commendable 
virtue. The study of the liberal arts, that valuable branch of 
education, which tends so effectually to polish and adorn the 
mind, is earnestly recommended to your consideration ; espe-* 
fially the science of geometry, or masonry, originally synoni- 
mous terms, is of a divine and moral nature, and enriches with 
the most useful knowledge ; while it proves the wonderful pro- 
cerus of Nature, it demonstrates the more important truth of 
morality. 



49 

As the solemnity of our ceremonies requires a serious de- 
portment, you are to be particularly attentive to your behaviour 
hi our regular assemblies. You are to preserve our ancient 
usages and customs sacred and inviolable ; and induce others, 
by your example to hold them in due veneration. 

The laws and regulations of the order, you are strenuously 
to support and maintain. You are not to palliate or aggravate 
the offences of your brethren ; but, in the decision of every 
trespass against our rules, judge with candour, admonish witn 
friendship, and reprehend with mercy. 

As a craftsman in our private assemblies, you may offer your 
sentiments and opinions on such subjects as are regularly in- 
troduced in the Lecture, under the superintendence of an ex- 
perienced master, who will guard the landmarks against 
encroachment. By this privilege, you may improve your in- 
tellectual powers ; qualify yourself to become an useful mem- 
ber of society ; and, like a skilful brother, strive to excel in 
what is good and great. 

All regular signs and summonses, given and received, you 
are duly to honour and punctually to obey ; inasmuch as they 
consist with our professed principles. You are to encourage 

- industry and reward merit ; supply the wants and relieve the 
necessities of brethren and fellows, to the utmost of your power 
and ability; and on no account wrong them, or see them 
wronged ; but to apprise them of approaching danger, and to 
view their interest as inseparable from your own. 

- Such is the nature of your engagements as a Craftsman , and 
these duties you are now bound to observe by the most sacred 
ties. 



LECTURE ON THE TRACING BOARD IN THE SECOND 
DEGREE. 

At the building of King Solomon's Temple, an immense 
number of Masons were employed. They consisted of Entered 
Apprentices and Fellow-Crafts. The Entered Apprentices re- 
ceived a weekly allowance of corn, wine, and oil. The Fellow- 
Crafts were paid their wages in specie, which they went to re- 
ceive in the middle chamber of the temple. They got there by 
way of a porch, at the entrance of which their attention was 
particularly struck by two great piliars : that on the left was 
p. I 5 E 



60 

called Boat, which denotes strength ; that on the right Jackin t 
which denotes to establish ; and when conjoined, stability ; fo? 
God said, in strength will I establish this mine house, to stand 
firm for ever. The height of those pillars was thirty-five cubits, 
the circumference twelve, the diameter three. They were 
formed hollow, the better to serve as archives to Masonry ; for 
therein were deposited the constitutional rolls. Being formed 
hollow, the outer rim or shell was four inches, or a hand's 
breadth in thickness. They were made of molten brass, and 
were cast on the plains of the Jordan, in the clay grounds 
between Succoth and Zeredatha. The superintendent of 
$ie casting was Hiram Abiff. Those pillars were adorned with 
two chapiters, each five cubits high. Those chapiters were en- 
riched with net- work, lily- work, and pomegranates. Net-work, 
from the connexion of its meshes, denotes unity. Lily- work,, 
from its whiteness, denotes peace. And pomegranates, from 
the exuberance of their seed, denote plenty. Those pillars were 
further adorned with two spherical balls, on which were deli- 
neated maps of the celestial and terrestrial globes. They were 
considered finished, when the net- work or canopy was thrown 
over them. They were placed at the east of the temple, as a 
memorial to the children of Israel of the miraculous pillars of 
tire and cloud, which had two wonderful effects, the fire to give 
light to the Israelites during their escape from their Egyptian 
bondage ; the cloud proved darkness to Pharaoh and his fol- 
lowers, when they attempted to overtake them. King Solomon 
ordered them to be placed at the entrance of the temple, as the 
most proper and conspicuous situation for the children of Is- 
rael, to have the happy deliverance of their forefathers continu- 
ally before their eyes, at going to and returning from divine 
worship. After our ancient brethren had passed those two 
great pillars, their ascent was opposed by the Junior Warden, 
who demanded of mem the pass-grip and pass-word, leading 
from the first to^the second degree. The pass-word, I dare 
say you recollect, is Shibboleth, and is here depicted by an ear 
of corn near a fall of water. The word Shibboleth dates its 
.origin from the time, that an army of Ephraimites crossed the 
River Jordan, in a hostile manner, against Jephtha, the re- 
nowned Gileaditish General. The reason assigned for this un- 
friendly visit was, that they had not been called out to partake 
of the honours of the Ammonitish war ; but their true aim was, 



51 

to partake of the rich spoils with which, in consequence of that 
war, Jeptha and his army were then laden. The Ephraimites 
were always a clamorous, turbulent people ; but then broke 
out in open violence, and after many severe taunts to the Gi- 
leadites in general, threatened in particular to destroy their vic- 
torious commander and his house with fire. Jephtha, on his 
part, tried all lenient means to appease them, but rinding those 
ineffectual, had recourse to rigorous ones. He therefore drew 
out his army, gave the Ephraimites battle, defeated and put 
them to flight, and to render his victory decisive, and secure 
himself from the like molestation in future, he sent detachments 
of the army to secure the passages of the River Jordan, over 
which he knew the insurgents must of necessity attempt to go, 
in order to regain their own country, giving strict orders to his 
guards, that, if a fugitive came that way, owning himself an 
Ephraimite, he should be immediately slain ; but if he said 
nay, or prevaricated, a test- word was to be put to him, which 
was, to pronounce the word Shibboleth. The Ephraimites, 
through a defect in aspiration peculiar to their dialect, could 
not pronounce it properly, but called it Sibboleth, which dis- 
covered their country and cost them their lives. And Scrip- 
ture informs us, that there fell on that day, in the field of battle, 
and on the banks of the Jordan, forty-two thousand Ephraim- 
ites ; and as Shibboleth was then a test-word to distinguish a 
friend from foe, King Solomon, afterwards caused it to be 
adopted as a pass-word in a Fellow-Craft's Lodge, to prevent 
any unqualified person from ascending the winding staircase, 
which led to the middle chamber of the temple. 

After our ancient, brethren had given those convincing proofs 
to trie Junior Warden, he said, pass Shibboleth, or Brother. 
They then passed up a winding staircase, consisting of three, 
five, seven, or more. Three rule a lodge ; five hold a lodge : 
seven or more make it perfect. The three that rule a. lodge, 
are the Worshipful Master and his two Wardens. The five 
who hold a lodge, are the Master, two Wardens, and two 
Fellow-Crafts. The seven who make it perfect, are two En 
tered Apprentices, added to the former five. Three rule a 
lodge ; because there were but three Grand Masters who bore 
sway at the building of the first temple at Jerusalem, viz., So 
lomon, King of Irsael ; Hiram, King of Tyre ; and Hiram 
Abiff. Five hold a lodge, in allusion to the five Noble Orders 



52 

In architecture., viz., the Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and 
Composite. Seven, or more that make it perfect; because 
King Solomon was seven years, and upwards, in building, com- 
pleting, and dedicating the Temple at Jerusalem to God's ser- 
vice. They have likewise an allusion to the seven liberal arts 
and sciences, viz., Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic, Arithmetic^ 
Geometry, Music, and Astronomy. 

After our ancient brethren had gained the summit of th& 
winding staircase, they arrived at the door of the middle 
chamber of the temple, which they found open ; but properly 
tiled by the Senior Warden, against all under the Degree of a 
Fellow-Craft. After our ancient brethren had given him those 
convincing proofs, he said, pass Shibboleth, or Brother. They 
then passed into the middle chamber of the temple. They 
went there to receive their wages, which they took without 
scruple or difference. Without scruple, knowing they had 
justly earned it. Without diffidence, from the unbounded con- 
fidence they placed in the integrity of their employers in those 
days. 

When our ancient brethren were in the middle chamber of 
the temple, their attention was particularly drawn to certain 
Hebrew characters, which are now depicted in a Fellow-Craft's 
Lodge by the letter G, denoting God, the Grand Geometrician 
of the Universe, to whom we must all submit, and ought hum 
bly to adore. 



LECTURE IN THE SECOND DEGREE. 

Section 1. — Clause One. 

Q. Brother, are you a Fellow-Craft? 

A. I am so taken and accepted among brethren and fellows 
of the Craft. 

Q. How shall I know you to be a Fellow-Craft ? 

A. By signs, tokens, and words. 

Q. How did you attain them ? 

A. By duly passing from an Entered Apprentice to a F'eirt;w- 
Craft, in a regular and well-constituted Lodge of Fellow- 
Crafts, there met and assembled. 

Q. Of how many did the lodge consist ? 

A. Of five in number: the Worshipful Master, the two 



53 

Wardens, and two Fellows of the Working Class. 

Q. At what time did this take place ? 

A. At evening, after the sun was set. 

Q. By whom were you passed to a Fellow-Craft ? 

A. By the Worshipful Master, the Senior and Junior War- 
dens, and the brethren assembled. 

Q. Where stood the Worshipful Master? 

A. In the east. 

Q. Why so? 

A. To mark the point where the sun was rising. 

Q. W T here stood the Senior Warden ? 

A. In the west. ■ 

Q, Why so? 

A. To mark the point of the sun's setting. 

Q. Where was the situation of the Junior Warden? 

A. In the south. 

Q. Why so ? 

A. To mark the place of the sun below the horizon. 

Q. Why were you passed to a Fellow-Craft when the sun 
was below the horizon ? 

A. To intimate to me that the labours of a Fellow-Craft are 
directed by the firmament and the steady light of truth and 
science. 

Clause Tivo. 

Q. How did you gain admission to a Lodge of Fellow- 
Crafts? 

A. Having duly and truly served my time as an Entered 
Apprentice, I was, by consent of the brethren, prepared, ad- 
mitted, and obligated in due form. 

Q. In what manner were you presented ? 

A. In a state of due preparation — My left arm, left breast, 
and right knee made bare, left heel slip-shod, and formed upon 
the square. 

Q. Why so made bare, and placed in due form and sign of 
an Entered Apprentice ? 

A. In token of my sincere conformity with my obligation as 
an Entered Apprentice. 

Q- Where were you then led, and by whom ? 

A. To the door of the lodge by a brother and Fellow-Craft, 



54 

Q. How did you gain admission ? 

A. By knocks one and two. 

Q. Who came to your assistance ? 

A. The Inner Guard, who demanded my name and &e pur- 
pose for which I came there ? 

Q. What answer was returned ? 

A. Brother N , who having been regularly initiated ia 

the first degree, and having made such progress in Masonry 
as he hopes will entitle him to be passed to the degree of a 
Fellow-Craft, and for which purpose he comes properly pre- 
pared. 

Q What further did he demand of you ? 

A. The pass-grip and word, which I readily gave him.) 

Q. What did he then do? 

A. He reported me to the Worshipful Master, who ordered 
him to admit me. 

Q. In what form were you admitted ? 

A. Upon the square — to intimate to me, that I was admitted 
upon the square, in order that I might make further progress in 
the art of masonry, and no longer be received as a stranger in a 
hostile manner, but as one entitled to the privileges of a true 
and lawful brother. 

Clause Three. 

Q. How were you then disposed of? 

A. I was led to the left of the Senior Warden, and com- 
manded to kneel whilst the favour and protection of Heaven 
were invoked. 

Q. How next ? 

A. I was led twice round the lodge, that the Masters and 
Fellow-Craft might see that I was properly prepared, and no 
impostor. 

Q. What occurred in the course of your progress ? 

A. The Worshipful Master demanded of me the sign, token, 
and word, of an Entered Apprentice, which I accordingly 
gave. 

Q. What was done afterwards? 

A. I was duly presented to the Worshipful Master bv the 
Senior Warden. 

Q. What said the Worshipful Master? 



55 

A. I will attend to your presentation, Brother Senior War- 
den. You will direct the Senior Deacou to instruct the can- 
didate to advance towards the east with his proper steps. 
That being done, the Worshipful Master said, as the secrets 
of the different degrees of Freemasonry are at all times to be 
kept separate and distinct from each other an obligation 
will be required of you to preserve inviolate the secrets of 
this degree from an Entered Apprentice as from the rest 
of the world : are you ready and willing to take an ob- 
ligation of this kind ? Answering to these questions in a 
satisfactory manner, I was instructed to advance in due 
form. 

Q. In what does that form consist ? 

A. Of certain steps, which I am ready more fully to explain 
when duly called upon. 

Q. How many steps ? 

A. Five winding. 

Q. What was then done ? 

A. The Master received me and placed me in the due form 
of a Fellow-Craft. 

Q. What is the nature of that form ? 

A, Kneeling on the right knee, with right hand on the sacred 
volume of God, and a square placed in the left elbow, sup- 
ported by the compasses. 

Q. What does that denote ? 

A. My respective duties to God and the Craft in conformity 
to my obligation. 

Q. Which obligation you will be pleased to repeat. 

The conclusion of the first section is a mere detail of what 
1 have given in the making, and would be tediously repeated 
here. 

second section. — First Clause, 

Q. What was the first instruction you received as a Fellow* 
Craft Mason? 

A. I was first instructed in the history of our ancient 
fraternity, from the time that it received its present institu- 
tion. 

Q. At what period was that ? 

A. About the year of the world 3000, at the building of the 
Tem-ple of Jerusalem by King Solomon. 



56 

Q. From whence did our present forms arise ? 

A. From the order observed in classing and distinguishing 
the multitude of workmen there employed, as well as for paying 
them their respective wages, as for preserving good government 
among them. 

Q. How many Masons were there in all ? 

A. Three thousand six hundred who presided over the oz- 
dinary workmen. 

Q. How were they distinguished ? 

A. As Fellow-Crafts and Entered Apprentices. 

Q. How were they divided ? 

A. Into lodges or companies of seven Entered Apprentices 
or five Fellow- Crafts. 

Q. How many Entered Apprentices ? 

A. Two thousand one hundred, making three hundred 
lodges or companies. 

Q. How many Fellow- Crafts. 

A. Fifteen hundred, of whom three hundred were styled 
Gibeonites, on account of their excellent skill as workmen ; 
and of these three hundred, each presided over a lodge or com- 
pany of Fellow-Crafts or Entered Apprentices 

Q. What wages were given to them ? 

A. A certain allowance of corn, wine, and oil, tu eaca 
lodge or company ; besides wages in money to the master of 
the lodge. 

Q. Where were those wages received ? 

A. In the middle chamber of King Solomon's Temple, to 
which none but Fellow-Crafts were admitted. 

Q. How were Fellow-Crafts alone admitted ? . 

A. By means of a pass-word and grip, still preserved among 
Fellow-Craft Masons. 

Q. How many Master Masons were there ? 

A. Three only, to whom the true secrets of a Master were 
known; namely, Solomon, Hiram, and Hiram Abiff. 

Q. Who was Hiram ? 

A. The King of Tyre, and the ancient friend of King 
David. 

Q. What part had he in the building of the Temple at Je- 
rusalem ? 

A. He furnished the timbers from the forest of Lebanon, in 
exchange for stipulated proportions of corn, wine, and oil. He 



5T 

also sent his fleet to Ophir to fetch gold and precious stones for 
King Solomon, with whom he entered into a strict correspon- 
dence and reciprocal friendship. 

Q. Is the correspondence between those two princes pre- 
served ? 

A. It is, in the five chapters of the first book of Kings, and 
the second chapter of the second book of Chronicles. 

Q, What further assistance did Hiram give ? 

A. At the request of King Solomon, he sent a man of con- 
summate knowledge and skill, who thoroughly understood the 
principles of every art and science, to preside over the workmen 
and direct their labours. 

Q. What was this extraordinary man? 

A. His name was Hiram AbifF. He was the son of a widow 
of the tribe of Napthali, and his father was a man of Tyre. 
Under his direction was the glorious temple completed in little 
more than seven years. 

Q. Where and how were the materials procured ? 

A. The timbers were felled in the forest of Lebanon, where 
a levy of thirty thousand men of Jerusalem were employed 
by monthly courses of ten thousand : and the stones were cut 
and wrought in the quarries of the mountains of Judea, by 
eighty thousand men, assisted by seventy thousand who bare 
burthens. 

Q. By what model was this building finished? 

A. It was according in all things with the model presented 
by God himself to King David, the father of Solomon, who ne- 
vertheless was not permitted to build this sacred temple as his 
hands had been stained with blood. 

Q. When was it begun and finished ? 

A, It was begun in the month of Zif, in the fourth year of 
King Solomon's reign, A. L. 2992, and finished in the month 
of Bui, or eighth month, in the eleventh year of his reign, A. L. 
3000. 

Q. How was it dedicated ? 

A. King Solomon celebrated the feast of Dedication with 
prayer and sacrifice, in the presence of all the people of Israel, 
and the feast lasted fourteen days. 

Q. Is the prayer of Dedication still preserved ? 

A. It is in the eighth chapter of the first book of Kings and 
tnc sixth chapter of the second book of Chronicles. 



; 58 

r Q. Was it consecrated with any particular marks of divine 
favour ? 

A. The divine Shekinah or brightness, which was a visible 
token of God's presence entering the temple from the eastward, 
settled over the mercy-seat, whereon was placed the ark of the 
covenant. 

Clause Two. 

Q, By what means was the system of masonry extended ? 

A. Our Grand Master Solomon, observing the effects pro- 
duced by strict order adopted among the Masons employed in 
his work, conceived the great idea of uniting the wise and good 
in every nation, in the bond of brotherly love and in the pur- 
suit of scientific acquirements. 

Q. How was he enabled to effect this glorious design ? 

A. He admitted to the participation of this system those 
illustrious sages, who resorted to Jerusalem, even from the 
uttermost parts of the east, to be instructed in his wisdom ; 
and they, returning to their respective homes, diffused the 
system of Freemasonry over the whole face of the Eastern 
Continent. 

Q. Where did our institution more especially flourish ? 

A. In Tyre and Sidon, and the whole coast of Phoenicia, 
under the patronage of Hiram, King of Tyre, and his suc- 
cessors. 

Q. Who brought the knowledge of it westward? 

A. The Phoenicians, in their commerce with this part of the 
world, spread an imperfect knowledge thereof over the northern 
coast of Africa and the whole of Europe. 

Q. Who was the most especial founder thereof in the west? 

A. Pythagoras, a Grecian philosopher, born at Samos, about 
450 years after the building of King Solomon's Temple at Je- 
rusalem. 

Q. What is recorded of him ? 

A. That he travelled into Egypt for instruction in the sacred 
mysteries of the priests of Memphis, and returning by Phoeni- 
cia, was there initiated into our purer rights. After which he 
retired to Italy, and founded the Italian School of Philosophy 
at Crotona. 

Q. What masonic observations do we find in his in 
tions ? 



A. He enjoined his disciples a long probation of silenct 
and inviolate secrecy : a strict love for, and fidelity to- 
wards, each other. He distinguished them by secret signs, 
and divided them into classes, according to their abilities and 
knowledge; but chiefly distinguished them as exoterics and 
esoterics. 

Q. What does the first of the appellations denote ? 

A. Outward heavens, they being admitted to know only a 
portion of the mysteries, and separated from the higher classes 
by a veil. 

Q. What is meant by the latter ? 

A. Those within the veil, who were permitted to see and 
hear all things. 

Q. By what medium were his doctrines illustrated ? 

A. By the direct and relative qualities and powers of 
numbers, under which are concealed truths of the greatest 
importance. 

Q. What discoveries are particularly attributed to him ? 

A. The true system of the universe : the foundation of all 
proportional geometry in the 47th problem of the second book 
of Euclid ; and other points of science which will be illustrated 
in their proper places. 

Q. By whom were the doctrines of Pythagoras received and 
particularly conveyed ? 

A. By Plato, an Athenian philosopher, who lived about 150 
years after Pythagoras, and derived his knowledge from the 
same sources. 

Q. In what manner were his doctrines conveyed ? 

A. By means of geometrical symbols, which have a corre- 
lative power with the numbers of Pythagoras. 

TO CLOSE THE LODGE IN THE SECOND OR FELLOW-CRAFT f S 
DEGREE. 

( The Master knocks to order, whieh is followed by the two 
Wardens.) 

W. M. Brethren, assist me to close this Fellow-Craft's 
Lodge. Brother Junior Warden, what is the constant care of 
every Fellow-Craft Freemason ? 

J. W. To prove the lodge close tiled, 

W. M. Direct that duty to be done. 



60 

J. W. Brother Inner Guard, you will prove the lodge close 
tiled. (The Inner Guard and the Tiler both give the Fellow* 
Craft 7 s knocks.) 

I. G. Brother Junior Warden, the lodge is close tiled. 

J. W. (Knocks and makes the sign). Worshipful Master, 
the lodge is close tiled. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, the next care ? 

S. W. To see the Brethren appear to order as Craftsmen. 

W. M. To order, brethren, as Craftsmen.— ^Brother Junior 
Warden, in this character what have you discovered ? 

J. W. A sacred symbol. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, where is it fixed ? 

S. W. In the centre of the building. 

W. M. Brother Junior Warden, to what does it allude ? 

J. W. To God, the Grand Geometrician of the Universe. 

W. M. Brethren, let us remember wherever we are, and 
whatever we do, his all-seeing eye beholds us ; and while 
we continue to act as faithful Fellow-Craft Masons, let us 
never fail to discharge our duties towards him with fervency 
and zeal. 

P. M. So mote it be. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, our labours being closed 
in this degree, you have my command to close this Fellow* 
Craft's Lodge. (Gives the knocks.) 

S. W. In the name of the Grand Geometrician of the Uni- 
verse, and by the command of the Worshipful Master, I declare 
this Lodge of Fellow-Craft Freemasons duly closed. (Gives 
the knocks.) 

J. W. It is accordingly so done. 



THIRD, OR MASTER MASON'S DEGREE. 

TO OPEN A LODGE. 

W. M. Brethren assist me to open the Lodge in the Third 
Degree : Brother Junior Warden, what is the first care of a 
Master Mason ? 

J. W. To see the lodge properly tiled. 



61 

W. M. You will direct that duty to be doae. 

J. W. Brother Inner Guard, you will see the lodge pro- 
perly tiled. {The Fellow- Craft's knocks are then given on the 
door by tlie Liner Guard and Tiler, to prove the lodge close 
tiled. 

I. G. Brother Junior Warden, the lodge is properly tiled. 
( This is given with the sign ; and with a similar sign, and the 
Fellow- Craft's knocks, the J. W. reports to the Master.) Wor- 
shipful Master, the lodge is properly tiled. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, the next care of every 
Master Mason ? 

S. W. To see the brethren appear to order as Craftsmen. 

W. M. To order brethren, as Craftsmen. — Brother Junior 
Warden, are you a Master Mason ? 

J, W. I am Worshipful Master ; try me ; prove me. 

W. M. By what instrument of architecture will you be 
proved ? 

J. W. By the square and compasses. 

W. M. Since you are so well acquainted with the mode 
yourself, you will prove the brethren present to be Master 
Masons, by signs, and demonstrate that proof to me by copying 
their example. 

J. W. Brethren, by command of the Worshipful Master, 
you will prove yourselves Master Masons by signs ; and>to 
prevent confusion, observe the Senior Warden. (The signs 
are given by all present, and the J. W. reports.) Worshipful 
Master, the brethren present having proved themselves Master 
Masons by signs, I, in obedience to your commands, demon- 
strate that proof to you, by copying their example. 

W. M. And I acknowledge the correctness of those signs. 
Brother Junior Warden, from whence came you ? 

J. W. From the east. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, whither are you directing 
your course? 

S. W. Towards the West. 

W. M. Brother Junior Warden, for what purpose ? 

J. W. In search of that which was lost, which by your 
assistance, and our own endeavours, we hope to find. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, what was that which was 
lost? 

S. W. The genuine secrets of a Master Mason. 



62 

W. M. Brother Junior Warden, how came those secrfts 
lost. 

J. W. By the untimely death of our Master, Hiram AbifF. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, and where do you hope to 
find them ? 
> 3. W. With a centre. 

W. M. Brother Junior Warden what is a centre ? 

J. W. A point within a circle, from which every part of the 
tkcumference is equally distant. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, why with a centre ? 

S. W. Because from that point no Master Mason can err. 

W. M. Brethren, I will assist you in your researches ; and 
may heaven prosper our united endeavours. 

P. M. So mote it be. 

W. M. Brethren, in the name of the Most High, I declare 
this lodge open on the centre for the instruction and improve- 
ment of Master Masons. (The Master and Wardens then say 
— i( All glory to the Most High/ 7 and make the sign. 
This is done by the Master thrice, by the Junior Warden twice, 
and by the Junior Warden and all the brethren present once. 
The Master and Wardens give the knocks, and the lodge is de- 
clared open.) 

CEREMONY OF RAISING A MASTER MASON, OR THE THIRD 
DEGREE. 

{The lodge is open in the Second Degree, and the brethren thus 

addressed by the Master.) Brethren, Brother N is this 

evening a candidate to be raised to the Third Degree ; but it is 
first requisite that he should give proofs of proficiency in tne 
former : I slaall therefore proceed to put the necessary ques- 
tions. {The candidate is then examined as to his proficiency in 
the former degree, by the Master, and by any other member pre- 
sent who chooses to question him.) 

QUESTIONS REQUIRED TO BE* ANSWERED IN THE SECOND 
DEGREE BY A FELLOW-CRAFT FREEMASON, BEFORE HE 
CAN BE RAISED TO A MASTER MASON, OR THE THIRD 
DEGREE. 

Q. How were you prepared to be made a Fellow- Craft ? 
A. In a manner somewhat similar to the former Degree* 



03 

but with this difference — that I was not hoodwinked, my left 
arm, right breast, and right knee were made bare, my left heel 
siip-shod. 

Q. On what did yon enter ? 

A. On the square. 

Q. What is a square ? 

A. An angle of ninety degrees, forming the fourth part of a 
circle. 

Q, For what were your researches in this degree ? 

A. For the hidden mysteries of nature and science. 

Q. As it is the hope of reward that sweetens labour, where 
did our ancient brethren go to receive their wages ? 

A. Into the middle chamber of King Solomon's Temple, 

Q. How did they receive it ? 

A. Without scruple or diffidence. 

Q. Why in this peculiar manner ? 

A. Without scruple, knowing they had justly earned it ; 
without diffidence, from the unbounded confidence l^ey placed 
in the integrity of their employers in those days. 

Q. What were the names of the two pillars placed at the 
porch-way of King Solomon's Temple. 

A. That on the left JBoaz ; that on the right Jachin. 

Q. What were their separate and conjoint meanings ? 

A. The former, strength ; the latter, to establish ; conjointly, 
stability. 

W. M. Brother N , will you come this way ? Do you 

pledge your honour as a man, and your fidelity as a Maso% 
that you will steadily persevere through the ceremony of being 
raised to the sublime degree of Master Mason ? 

Brother N . I do. 

W. M. Do you likewise pledge yourself that you will con- 
ceal what I shall now impart to you with the same strict cau- 
tion as the other secrets in Masonry ? 

Br. N. I will. 

W. M. Then I will intrust you with a test of merit, which 
is a pass-grip and a pass-word, leading to the degree into 
which you seek to be admitted. The pass-grip is given by 
a distinct pressure of the thumb between the joints of the 
middle and ring fingers. This demands a pass-word, which 
is Tubal Cain, who was the first artificer in metal; and the 
import of the wore 1 is worldly possession. You will be par- 



\ 64 

ticularly careful to remember this word, as, without it, you 
cannot gain admittance into a lodge, in a superior degree. 

(Brother N retires to be properly prepared, which is 

to have both of his arms, breasts, and knees, bare, and both 
lieels slip-shod. In the interim the lodge is opened in the 
Third Degree. The same ceremonies take place at the door, 
as in the former degrees, with the difference of the distinc- 
tive grip-word, knocks, SfC, and the I. G. reports to the 
Master.) 

I. G. Worshipful Master, Brother N is at the door of 

the lodge, who has been regularly initiated into Masonry, passed 
the degree of a Fellow-Craft, and has made such progress as he 
hopes will recommend him to be raised to the sublime degree 
of a Master Mason, for which ceremony he comes properly 
prepared. 

W. M. How does he hope to obtain the privileges of the 
Third Degree? 

I. G. By the help of God, the united aid of the square 
and compasses, and the benefit of a pass-word. 

W. M. We acknowledge the powerful aid by which he 
seeks it ; do you, Brother Inner Guard, vouch that he is in 
possession of that pass-word ? 

I. G. I do, Worshipful Master. 

W. M. Then let him be admitted in due form. {He is then 
admitted.) Brother Deacons, let the candidate kneel while 
the blessing of heaven is invoked on our proceedings. {He 
kneels and the Master prays. 

Almighty and Eternal God, the Architect and Ruler of 
the Universe, at whose creative fiat all things first were made : 
we, the frail creatures of thy providence, humbly implore thee 
to pour down on this convocation assembled in thy holy name, 
the continual dew of thy blessing ; and especially, we beseech 
thee, to impart thy grace to this thy servant, who offers himself 
a candidate, with such fortitude that in the hour of trial he fail 
not ; but pass him safely undo* thy protection through the val- 
ley of the shadow of death, that he may finally arise from the 
tomb of transgression, to shine as the stars for ever and ever. — 
So mote it be. 

W. M. The brethren will take notice, that Brother N~ , 

who has been regularly initiated in Freemasonry, and has 
passed the degree of a Fellow-Craft, is about to pass in view 



65 

oefore them, to show that he is properly prepared to be raised 
to the Third Degree. (He is then, conducted three times round 
the lodge by the Deacons, At the first time he shows the sign 
of the First Degree to the W. M. : then the first sign with the 
grip to the J. W. At the second round, he shows the second 
sign to the W. M. and J. W. 7 end communicates both sign and 
grip to the S. W. At the third round, he shows the second 
sign to the W. M. and J. W.* and shows the sign and commu- 
nicates the Master s pass-grip and pass-word to the S. W., by 
whom he is presented to the Master.) 

S. W. Worshipful Master, I present to you Brother N , 

a candidate properly prepared to be raised to the sublime De- 
gree of a Master Mason. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden /you will direct the Dea- 
cons to instruct the candidate to advance to the pedestal in 
due form. 

S. W. Brother Deacons, it is the Worshipful Master's 
command, that you instruct the candidate to advance to the 
East in due form. 

W. M. It is but fair to inform you, that a most serious 
trial of your fortitude and fidelity, as well as a most solemn 
obligation, await you, are you prepared to meet them as you 
ought ? 

Br. N. I am. 

W. M. Then you will kneel on both knees, place both 
hands on the volume of the sacred law, repeat your name at 
length, and say after me : — 

I, N N , in the presence of the Most High, and of 

this worthy and worshipful lodge, duly constituted, regularly 
assembled, and properly dedicated, of my own free will and ac- 
cord, do hereby, and hereon, most solemnly promise and swear, 
that I will always hail, conceal, and never reveal, any or either 
of the secrets or mysteries of, or belonging to, the Degree of a 
Master Mason, to any one in the world, unless it be to him or 
them to whom the same may justly and lawfully belong ; and 
not even to him or them, until after due trials, strict examina- 
tion, or full conviction, that he or they are worthy of that con- 
fidence, or in the bosom of a Master Mason's Lodge. I fur- 
ther most solemnly engage, that I will the secrets of the Thira 
Degree keep from him who is but a Fcilow-Craft Mason, with 
the same strict caution as I will those of the Second Degree 
p.i. 6 



from him who is but an Entered Apprentice Free Mason : the: 
same, or either of them, from any one in the known world,. 
unless to true and lawful Brother Masons. I further solemnly 
engage myself, to advance to the pedestal of the square and 
compasses, to answer and obey all lawful signs and summonses 
sent to me from a Master Mason's Lodge, if within the length oi 
my cable-tow, and to plead no excuse except sickness, or the press- 
ing emergency of my own private or public avocations. I fur- 
thermore solemnly pledge myself, to maintain and support the five 
points of fellowship, in act as well a£ in word : that my hand 
given to a Mason shall be the sure pledge of brotherhood : that 
my foot shall traverse through danger and difficulties, to unite 
with his in forming a column of mutual defence and safety :: 
that the posture of my daily supplications shall remind me 
of his wants, and dispose my heart to succour his distresses,, 
and relieve his necessities, as far as may fairly be done 
without detriment to myself or connexions : that my breast 
shall be the sacred repository of his secrets, when delivered 
to me as such ; murder, treason, felony, and all other offences 
contrary to the law of God, or the ordinances of the realm, be- 
ing at all times most especially excepted, or at my own option : 
and finally, that I will support a Master Mason's character in 
his absence as well as I would if he were present. I will not 
revile him myself, nor knowingly suffer others to do so ; but 
will boldly repel the slanderer of his good name, and strictly 
respect the chastity of those who are most dear to him, in the 
persons of his wife, sister, or his child : and that I will not 
knowingly have unlawful carnal connexion with either of them. 
I furthermore solemnly vow and declare, that I will not de- 
fraud a Brother Master Mason, or see him defrauded of the 
most trifling amount, without giving him due and timely notice 
thereof; that I will also prefer a Brother Master Mason in all 
my dealings, and recommend him to others as much as lies in 
my power, so long as he shall continue to act honourably, 
honestly, and faithfully towards me and others. ■ All these se- 
veral points I promise to observe, without equivocation o' 
mental reservation of any kind, under no less a penalty, on the 
violation of any of them, than to have my body severed in two 
my bowels torn thereout, and burnt to ashes in the centre, and 
those ashes scattered before the four cardinal points of heaven, 
o that no trace or remembrance of me shall be left among laeii 



(17 

more particularly among Master Masons : So help me God, 
and keep me stedfast in this grand and solemn obligation, being 
that of a Master Mason. 

W. M. As a pledge of your fidelity, and to render this 
binding as a solemn obligation for as long as you shall live, I 
will thank you to seal it with your lips three times on the vo- 
lume of the sacred law. ( This is done.) Let me once more 
call your attention to the position of the square and compasses , 
When you were made an Entered Apprentice, both points of 
the compasses were hidden. In the Second Degree, one was 
disclosed. In this Degree, the whole is exhibited, implying, that 
you are now at liberty to work with both those points, in order 
to render the circle of your Masonic duties complete. Rise, 
newly obligated Master Mason. 

Brother N , you having now solemnly entered into an 

obligation of a Master Mason, are entitled to demand of me 
that last and greatest trial by which alone you can be admitted 
to a participation of the secrets restricted to the Third Degree 
of Masonry. But it is my duty, previously, to call your at- 
tention to a retrospect of those Degrees in Masonry through 
which you have already passed, whereby you will be enabled to 
distinguish and appreciate the connexion of our whole system, 
and the relative dependance of its several branches. Your ad- 
mission among Masons, in a state of helpless indigence, was 
an emblematic representation of the entrance of all men upon 
this their mortal existence. It inculcated the striking lesson of 
natural equality and mutual dependence. It taught you, in the 
active principles of universal beneficence and charity, to seek 
the solace of your own distress, and to extend relief and conso- 
lation to your own fellow creatures in the hour of affliction. 
It enabled you to free the soul from the dominion of pride and 
prejudice, and to look beyond the narrow limits of particular 
institutions, whether civil or religious, and to view in every son 
of Adam a brother of the dust. Above all, it taught you to 
bend with humility and resignation to the Great Architect of 
.he Universe, to dedicate your heart, thus purified from every 
malignant passion, and to prepare for the reception of truth and 
wisdom, to his glory and the good of your fellow creatures. 
Proceeding onwards, and still guided in your progress in the 
principles of moral truth, you were passed into the Second De- 
gree of Masonry, wherein you were enabled to contemplate the 



intellectual faculties, and trace them from their development 
through the paths of heavenly science, even to the throne of 
God himself. The secrets of nature, and the principles of mo- 
ral truth, were thus unveiled before you. You learn the just 
estimate of those wondrous faculties with which God has en- 
dowed the being formed after his own image, and feel the duty 
which he has thereby imposed on you, of cultivating this divine 
attribute with the most diligent and unremitting care and at- 
tention, that you may be enabled to show forth his glory, and 
render yourself useful to the happiness of mankind. To the 
man whose mind has thus been modelled to virtue and science, 
nature presents one great and useful lesson more — the knowledge 
of himself. She prepares you, by contemplation, for the clos- 
ing hours of existence, and when, by means of that contempla- 
tion, she has conducted you through the intricate windings of 
this mortal life, she finally instructs you how to die. Such, my 
brother, are the peculiar objects of the Third Degree in Free- 
masonry. They invite you to reflect on this awful subject, and 
teach you to feel that, to the just and virtuous man, death has 
no terrors equal to the stain of falsehood and dishonour. Of 
this grand truth, Masonry affords a glorious example in the un- 
shaken fidelity and noble death of our Master Hiram AbifF, 
who was slain just before the completion of King Solomon's 
Temple, at the construction of which you, no doubt, are well 
aware he was the principal architect. The manner of his death 
was as follows : — 

Fifteen Fellow-Crafts of that superior class appointed to 
preside over the rest, finding that the work was nearly com- 
pleted, and that they were not in possession of the secrets of 
the Master's Degree, which were only known to Solomon, 
Hiram King of Tyre, and Hiram AbifF, conspired together, to 
obtain them by any means, and even to have recourse to vio- 
lence. At the moment of carrying their conspiracy into execu- 
tion, twelve of the fifteen recanted ; but three, of a more deter- 
mined and atrocious character than the rest, persisted in their 
impious design, in prosecution of which, they planted them- 
selves respectively at the east, north, and south entrances of the 
Temple, whither our Master Hiram AbifF had retired to pay 
his adoration to the Most High, as was his wonted custom at 
ihe hour of high twelve. 

His de™'ion being ended, our Grand Master attempted to 



ftp 

return by the north door, but found himself opposed by the 
first of the three ruffians, who, for want of another weapon, had 
armed himself with a heavy plumb-rule. In a threatening 
manner, he demanded of our Grand Master the secrets of a 
Master Mtison, declaring to him that his death would be the 
tonsequence of a refusal ; but Hiram AbifT, true to his obliga- 
tion, replied that those secrets were known only to three, and 
could only be made known by consent of them all, that dili- 
gence and patience could not fail to entitle the worthy Mason 
to participate in those mysteries, but that he would sooner suf- 
fer death than betray his sacred trust. On receiving this answer, 
the ruffian aimed a blow at his head, but, startled by the firm- 
ness of his demeanour, it missed the forehead, and only glanced 
upon his right temple, yet with such violence, as to cause our 
Grand Master to reel and sink on his left knee. Recovering 
from this situation, he rushed to the south door, where he was 
accosted by the second ruffian in a similar manner, and an- 
swered as before, with undiminished firmness; when the as- 
sassin, who was armed with a level, struck our Master Hiram 
a blow on the left temple, which brought him to the ground 
upon his right knee. Finding his escape thus cut off in both 
these quarters, he staggered faint and bleeding to the east door, 
where the third ruffian was posted, who, on receiving a similar 
reply to his insolent demand (for our G. M. still remained un- 
shaken even in this trying moment), struck him a violent blow 
full in the middle of the forehead with a heavy setting maul, 
under which this excellent man sunk lifeless at the foot of the 
murderer. Such was the manner of his death ; and I have 
already pointed out to you the instructive lesson which his 
death and fortitude so powerfully inculcate in the heart of every 
faithful brother. Such, in like circumstances, will be the 
magnanimity of every man whose mind is well constituted, who 
squared his life upon the principles of moral truth and justice * 
who, by improving his faculties in the glory of God, and the 
good of mankind, has answered the great end of his creation, 
and has learnt to contemplate death as the end of afflictions, 
and the entrance to a better life. Nor will you, I trust, sink 
beneath the influence of terror, now that your trial approaches : 
though you stand before me a devoted victim ; though the hand 
of death be upon you ; and though this awful moment be you? 
last. 



(At this part of the ceremony the brother is struck on the fore- 
head, and thrown down ; and, while shamming a dead man, the 
Master thus proceeds.) 

The brethren will take notice, that, in the recent ceremony, 
as well as in his present situation, our brother has been made 
to represent one of the brightest characters recorded in the an- 
nals of Masonry ; namely, our Master, Hiram AbifF, who lost 
his life in consequence of his unshaken fidelity to the sacred 
trust reposed in him. And I hope this will make a lasting im- 
pression on his and your minds should you ever be placed in a 
similar state of trial. — Brother Junior Warden, you will endea- 
vour to raise the representative of our Master Hiram by the 
Entered Apprentice's grip. {He takes him by the fore-finger, 
and then lets it slip from his hand. 

J. W. It proves a slip, Worshipful Master. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, try the Fellow-Craft's 
grip. 

S. W. It proves a slip also, Worshipful Master. 

W. M. Brother Wardens, having both of you failed in 
your attempts, there yet remains a third method, namely, by 
taking a firm hold of the sinews of his hand, and raising him on 
the five points of fellowship, of which, with your assistance, I 
will make a trial. {The Master then raises him by grasping, 
or rather clawing his hand or wrist, by putting his right foot to 
his foot, his knee to his knee, bringing up the right breast to his 
breast, and with his hand oven the back.) This is practised in 
masonry as the five points of fellowship. 

W. M. It is thus all Master Masons are raised from a figu- 
rative death to a reunion with the former companions of their 
toils. Let me now beg you to observe that the light of a Mas- 
ter Mason is darkness visible, serving only to express that gloom 
w T hich rests on the prospect of futurity. It is that mysterious 
veil which the Eureka of human reason cannot penetrate, unless 
assisted by that light which is from above. Yet even by this 
feeble ray you may perceive that you stand on the very brink 
.if the grave into which you have just figuratively descended, 
and which, when this transitory life shall have passed away, will 
again receive you into its cold bosom. Let the emblems of 
mortality which lie before you, lead you to contemplate your in- 
evitable destiny, and guide your reflection to that most inter- 
esting of human study, the knowledge of yourself. Be careful 



to penorn?.your allotted task while it is yet day ; continue to 
listen to the voice of nature, which bears witness, that even in 
this perishable frame resides a vital and immortal principle, 
which inspires a holy confidence that the Lord of Life will en- 
able us to trample the king of terrors beneath our feet, and 
lift our eyes to the bright morning star, whose rising brings 
peace and salvation to the faithful and obedient of the human 
race. 

You are now at liberty to retire, in order to restore yourself 
to your personal comforts, and on your return into the lodge, 
Jie signs, tokens, and words shall be explained to you, and the 
history resumed. 

(On returning into the lodge, Brother N is desired to ap- 
proach the Worshipful Master as an E. A. and F* C, icho thus 
addresses him : — 

I cannot better reward the attention you have paid to the 
exhortation and charge, than by intrusting you with the secrets 
of this Degree. You will advance towards me as a Fellow- 
Craft. Take another pace with your left foot, and bring the 
right heel into its hollow, as before. That is the third regular 
step in Freemasonry, and it is in this position that the secrets 
of the degree are communicated. They consist of signs ? 
tokens, and words. Of the signs, the first and second are 
casual, the third is penal. The first casual sign is called the 
sign of horror, and is given from the Fellow-Craft's hailing 
sign, by dropping the left hand and elevating the right, as if to 
screen the eyes from a painful sight, at the same time throwing 
the head over the right shoulder, as a remove or turning away 
from that sight. It alludes to the finding of our murdered 
Master Hiram by the twelve Fellow-Crafts. The second casual 
sign is called the sign of sympathy or sorrow, and is given by 
bending the head a little forward, and by striking the right hand 
gently on the forehead. The third is called the penal sign ; 
because it alludes to the penalty of your obligation, and is given 
by drawing the hand across the centre of the body, dropping k 
to the side, and then raising it again to place the point of the 
"frumb on the navel. It implies, that, as a man of honour, and 

Master Mason, you would rather be severed in two than im- 
properly divulge the secrets of his Degree. The grip or token 
is the first of the five points of fellowship. The five points of 
fellowship are : first, a grip with the right hand of each other's 



72 

wrist, with the points of the fingers : second, right foot parallel 
with right foot on the inside : third, right knee to right knee : 
fourth, right breast to right breast : fifth, hand over shoulder, 
supporting the back. It is in this position, and this only, except 
in open lodge, and then but in a whisper, that the word is given. 
It is Mahabone or Macbenach. The former is the ancient, 
the latter the modern word. 

(Brother N is now conducted to the S. W.,who prcse?its 

him to the W, M. 

S. W. Worshipful Master, I present to you Brother N 9 

on being raised to the sublime Degree of a Master Mason, for 
some further mark of your favour. 

VV. M. Brother Senior Warden, I delegate you to invest 
him with the distinguishing badge of a Master Mason. 

S. W. I now invest you with the distinguishing badge of a. 
Master Mason, to show that you hav~ a/rived at that sublime 
Degree. 

W. M. I must state that the badge with which you have 
now been invested, not only points out your rank as a Master 
Mason, but is meant to remind you of those great duties 
which you have just solemnly engaged yourself to observe ; 
and while it mark' your own superiority, it calls on you to af- 
ford assistance and instruction to your brethren in the inferior 
Degrees . 

(Broi hr -r N is then conducted back to the W. M , who 

says.) 

I now present you with the working tools of a Master 
Mason, which are the skirret, pencil, and compasses. The 
skirret is an implement which acts on a centre pin, from 
whence a line is drawn, chalked, and struck, to mark out the 
ground for the foundation of the intended structure. With the 
pencil, the skilful artist delineates the building in a draft or 
plan for the instruction and guidance of the workmen. The 
compasses enable him with accuracy and precision to ascertain 
and determine the limits and proportions of its several parts. 
But as we are not operative, but speculative, or free and ac- 
cepted, we apply those tools to our morals. In this sense, the 
skerret points to us that straight and undeviating line of con- 
duct laid down for our pursuits in the volume of the sacred law. 
The pencil teaches us that our words and actions are observed 
and recorded by the Almighty Architect, to whom we muss 



13 

give an account of our conduct through life. The compasses 
remind us of his unerring and impartial justice, which having 
defined for our instruction the limits of good and evil, will 
reward or punish us as we have obeyed or disregarded hig, 
divine commands. These, the working tools of a Master 
Mason, teach us to have in mind, and to act according to the 
laws of the Divine Creator, that when we shall be summoned 
from this sublunary abode, we may ascend to the Grand Lodge, 
above, where the world's great Architect lives and reigns for 
ever. 

We left off at that part of our traditional history which men- 
tioned the death of our Master Hiram. A loss so important as 
that of the principal architect could not fail of being generally 
and severely felt. The want of those plans and designs, which 
had hitherto been regularly supplied to the different classes of 
workmen, was the first indication that some heavy calamity had 
befallen our Master. The Masters or Presidents, or, familiarly 
speaking, the Overseers, deputed some of the most eminent of 
their number to acquaint King Solomon with the utter confu- 
sion into which the absence of Hiram had plunged them, and 
to express their apprehensions, that to some fatal catastrophe 
must be attributed his sudden and mysterious disappearance. 
Solomon immediately ordered a general muster of the workmen 
through the different departments, when three of the same class 
of Overseers were not to be found. On the same^ay, the 
twelve Crafts who had originally joined in the conspiracy came 
before the king, and made a voluntary confession of all they 
knew down to the time of withdrawing themselves from the 
conspiracy. This naturally increased the fears of King Solo- 
mon for the safety of the chief artist. He, therefore, selected 
fifteen trusty Fellow-Crafts, and ordered them to make diligent 
search after the person of our Master Hiram, to see if he was 
yet alive, or if he had suffered death in the attempt to extort 
from him the secrets of his exalted degree. Accordingly, a 
stated day having been appointed for their return to Jerusalem, 
they formed themselves into three Fellow-Craft's Lodges, and 
departed from the three entrances to the Temple. Many days 
were spent in fruitless search, and one class returned without 
naving made any discovery of importance. A second was 
more fortunate, for on the evening of a certain day, after they 
had suffered the greatest privations and personal fatigues, one of 



74 

the brethren rested himself in a reclining posture, and in order 
to assist his rising, caught hold of a sprig that grew near, 
which, to his surprise, came easily out of the ground. On a 
closer examination, he perceived that the earth had been re- 
cently disturbed ; he, therefore, hailed his companions, and, 
with their united endeavours, re-opened the ground, and found 
the body of our Master Hiram very indecently interred. They 
covered it again, with all respect and reverence, and, to distin- 
guish the spot, struck a sprig of cassia at the head of the grave. 
They then hastened to Jerusalem, to impart the afflicting intel- 
ligence to King Solomon, who, when the first emotion of his 
grief had subsided, ordered them to return, and raise our Mas- 
ter Hiram to such a sepulchre as became his rank and exalted 
talents : at the same time informing them, that by his untimely 
death, the secrets-of a Master Mason were lost. He therefore 
charged them to be very careful in observing whatever casual 
sign, token, and word, might occur while paying this sad office 
of respect to departed merit. They performed their task with 
the utmost fidelity, and on re-opening the ground, one of the 
brethren looking round observed some of his companions in 
this situation {showing the sign of horror), as struck with hor- 
ror at the afflicting sight. While others viewing the ghastly 
wound still visible on his forehead, smote their own in sympa- 
thy of his sufferings. Two of the brethren then descended the 
grave, and attempted to raise him by the grip of an Entered 
Apprentice, which proved a slip. They then tried the Fellow- 
Craft's grip, which also proved a slip. Having both failed in 
their attempts, a zealous and expert brother took a more firm 
hold by the sinews of the hand wrist, and with their assistance 
raised him on the Five points of fellowship : while others, more 
animated, exclaimed, Mahabone or Machbenach, both words 
having nearly a similar import, — one signifying the death of a 
brother, the other, the brother is smitten. King Solomon, there- 
fore, ordered, that those casual signs, tokens, and words, should 
designate all Master Masons through the universe, till time or 
circumstance should restore the genuine ones. 

It now only remains to account for the third class, who had 
pursued their researches in the direction of Joppa, and were 
meditating their return to Jerusalem, when, accidentally pass- 
'ng the mouth of a cavern, they heard sounds of deep lamen* 
aliens and regret. On entering the cavern to ascertain tha 



«ause, they found three men answering the description of those 
missing, who, on being charged with the murder, and linaing 
all chance of escape cut off, made a full confession of their 
guilt. They were bound and led to Jerusalem, where King 
Solomon sentenced them to that death which the perniciousness 
of their crime so amply merited. 

Our Master Hiram was ordered to be re-interred as near the 
sanctum sanctorum as the Israelitish law would permit ; and 
there, in a grave, from the centre three feet east, three feet west, 
three feet betw r een north and south, and five feet or more per- 
pendicular. He was not buried in the sanctum sanctorum, 
because nothing common or unclean was suffered to enter 
there, not even the High Priest, but once a-year, nor then, till 
after many washings and purifications against the great day of 
expiation of sins : for, by the Israelitish law, all flesh was 
deemed unclean. The same fifteen Fellow-Crafts were or- 
dered to attend the funeral, clothed in white aprons and glove?, 
as emblems of innocence. 

The ornaments of a Master Mason's lodge are the porch, 
dormer, and square pavement; the porch is the entrance to the 
sanctum sanctorum : the dormer, the window that gives light 
to the same ; and the square pavement, for the High Priest to 
walk on . The office of the High Priest is to burn incense to 
the honour and glory of the Most High, praying fervently, that 
the Almighty, through his benign wisdom and goodness, would 
be pleased to bestow peace and tranquillity to the Israelitish 
nation for the ensuing year. 

You have already been informed of the working tools with 
which our Master Hiram was slain. They were the plumb- 
rule, level, and heavy maul. The coffin, scull, and cross-bones, 
being emblems of mortality, allude to the untimely death 01 
our Master, Hiram Abiff. 

You have likewise been informed of three signs in this De- 
gree. The whole are five, corresponding in number with the 
rive points of fellowship. They are the sign of horror, the 
sign of sympathy, the penal sign, the sign of grief and death, 
and the sign of joy and exultation, likewise called the grand 
and royal sign. For the sake of regularity, I will go through 
the whole. This is the sign of horror (described). This is the 
sign of sympathy (described). This is the penal sign (described). 
The sign of grief or death is given by passing the hand over the 



forehead. It took its rise at the time when our Master Hiram 
was making his way from the north to the south entrance ot t.he 
Temple, when his agonies were so great, that the perspiration 
stood in large drops on his face, and he made use of this si^n 
as a temporary relief to his sufferings. This is the sign of joy 
and exultation (to raise both hands over your head, and exclaim, 
O Worthy Masons /) It took its rise at the time the Temple 
was finished, when King Solomon and the princes of his house- 
hold went to view it, and being so struck with its magnificence, 
that with one simultaneous feeling, they exclaimed — Worthy 
Masons i 

LECTURE IN THE THIRD DEGREE. 

Q. How are you prepared to be made a Master Mason ? 

A. Both my arms, both breasts, both knees made bare, and 
both heels slip-shod. 

Q. On what did you enter? 

A. Upon both points of the compasses presented to both my 
breasts. 

Q. On your entrance into the lodge did you observe anything 
different from its usual appearance ? 

A. I did : all was dark, save one glimmering light in the 
east. 

Q. To what did that darkness allude ? 

A. Even to the darkness of death. 

Q. Am I given to understand that death is the peculiar sub- 
ject of this Degree ? 

A. You are. 

Q. From what circumstance ? 

A. From the untimely death of our Master, Hiram Abiff. 

Q. What were the instruments made use of at his destruc- 
tion ? 

A. The plumb-rule, level, and heavy maul. 

Q. How came you in possession of those secrets ? 

A. From having figuratively represented <him when I was 
raised to the sublime Degree of a Master Mason. 

Q How were you raised ? 

A. Upon the five points of fellowship, 

Q . Which I will thank you to name, and afterwards briefly 
c/piain. 



A. 1st, hand to hand ; scr, root to foot ; 3d, knee to knee ; 
4tn, breast to breast ; and 5th, hand over back. 

1st, — Hand to hand, I greet you as a brother; and when the 
necessities of a brother call for my aid and support, I will be 
ever ready to hand him such assistance to save him from sink- 
ing, if I find him worthy thereof, as may not be detrimental to 
myself or connexions. 

2d. — Foot to foot — I will support you in all your just and 
laudable undertakings. Indolence shall not cause my footsteps 
to halt, nor wrath to turn them aside. But forgetting every 
selfish consideration, I will be ever swift of foot to save, help, 
and to execute benevolence to a fellow-creature in distress ; but 
more particularly to a Brother Mason, if worthy. 

3d. — Knee to knee — being the posture of my daily suppli- 
cations, shall remind me of your wants. When I offer up my 
ejaculations to Almighty God, a brother's welfare I will re- 
member as my own : for, as the voices of babes and sucklings 
ascend to the throne of grace, so most assuredly will the breath- 
ings of a fervent heart ascend to the mansions of bliss, as our 
prayers are certainly received for each other. 

4th. — Breast to breast — that my breast shall be a safe and 
sacred repository for all your just and lawful secrets. A bro- 
ther's secrets, delivered to me as such, I would keep as my 
own, as to betray that trust might be doing him the greatest 
injury he could sustain in this mortal life : nay, it would be 
like the villainy of an assassin, who lurks in darkness to stab 
his adversary, when unarmed and least prepared to meet an 
enemy. 

And, 6th. — Hand over back — that I will support a brother's 
character in his absence, equally as though he were present. I 
will not wTongfully revile him myself, nor will I suffer it to be 
done by others, if in my power to prevent it. Thus, by the 
five points of fellowship, are we linked together in one indi- 
visible chain of sincere affection, brotherly love, relief, anc 
(ffuth. 



TO CLOSE THE LODGE IN THE THIRD OR MASTER MASON S 
DEGREE. 

The Worship ul Master and Wardens knock to order. 

W. M. Brethren assist me to close the Loetee in the Tnii«3 



Degree. — Brother Junior Warden, what is the constant care of 
every Master Mason? 

J. W. To prove the lodge close tiled. 

W. M. Direct that duty to be done. 

J. W. Brother Inner Guard, you will prove the lodge clos«i 
tiled. (The Master's knocks are given on the door by Inner 
Guard and Tiler, which proves it close tiled.) 

I. G. Brother Junior Warden (with the sign), the lodge is 
close tiled. 

J. W. (With the knocks and signs.) Worshipful Master, the 
lodge is close tiled. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, the next care ? 

S. W. To see the brethren appear to order as Master 
Masons. 

W. M. To order, brethren, as Master Masons. — Brother 
Junior Warden, from whence came you ? 

J. W. From the west, whither we have been in search of 
the genuine secrets of a Master Mason. 

W. M. Brother Junior Warden, have you discovered the 
object of your researches ? 

S. W. Worshipful Master, we have not ; but we have dis- 
covered certain substituted secrets, which, by your permission, 
we are willing to impart. 

W. M. Let those substituted secrets be regularly imparted. 
(The Junior Warden gives the signs, tokens, and wo?^ds to the 
Senior Warden, and he to the Master.) 

S. W. Worshipful Master, deign to receive the substituted 
secrets of a Master Mason. 

W. M. I shall be happy to receive them, and for the in- 
struction of the brethren present, you will repeat them aloud* 
(S. W. gives them.) Brethren, these substituted secrets being 
regularly imparted to me, I, as the humble representative of 
King Solomon, and as the Master of this lodge, do ratify and 
confirm, that these substituted secrets shall designate you and 
all Master Masons, until further time and circumstances shal? 
I estore the genuine ones. 

P. M. With gratitude to our Master, we bend. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, our labours being ended, 
in this Degree, you have my command to close this Master 
Mason's Lodge. (He gives the knocks and sits down.) 

S. W. Brethren, in the name of the Most High, and by the 



79 

command of the Worshipful Master, I declare this Master 
Mason's Lodge closed, {Gives the knocks and sits dovm) 

J. W". It is accordingly closed. {Knocks and sits down. 
The Inner Guard anal Tiler gives the knocks, which concludes 
the ceremony?} 



END OF PART I. 



MANUAL OF MASONRY; 



CONTAINING 



Viz Sftosal tol 



KNIGHTS TEMPLAR DEGREES? 



WITH AN 



Explanatory Introduction to the Science. 



PART II. 



By RICHARD CARLILE. 



LONDON: 

PftlNTED AND PUBLISHED "BY R. CARLILE, FLEET STfclET 



INTRODUCTION, 



In exploring the cause of secret associations and the disor- 
ders among mankind, I find it in the want of that truly one 
thing needful, HUMAN CULTURE. That every human 
being born is not duly cultivated up to the extent of equality 
of knowledge, as far as capacity to acquire is in question; is 
most certainly the crime of the rulers of the state. That the 
means to such an end are as available as the culture of the 
soil, or the necessity of labour to that end, is a circumstance 
most evident. The plea of useful ignorance is not to be tole- 
rated ; for it is the boas't of all rulers, that their mental cul- 
ture and qualification give them the right to rule, and that 
the mass of the people are not in a mental condition to 
manage their own affairs by the election of representatives for 
that purpose. The root of all tyranny and oppression, of all 
Social and human ills, is found in the withholding fron? *he 
masses of each community mental culture, or knowledge mat 
may be conferred on all. To this may be added, the evils 
arising from a wrong direction, as the consequence of super- 



stition, or mistakes about ancient language, customs, and cere- 
monies, prevailing among, and influencing the actions of, man- 
kind. 

That one great scheme for the necessary culture of the 
human race has been propounded, I find a proof in the ' 
foundation of the Christian religion. Not that superstitious 
resting upon the letter of the Old and New Testament, and 
the traditions of the Grecian or Roman Church, which now, 
And for centuries, have made up wh&i is miscalled the 
Christian Religion: but THAT REVELATION which is 
embodied in all the mysteries of all the sacred writings, in 
all the customs, ceremonies, and traditions of all the Churches 
within or beyond the miscalled Christian era, which re- 
veals nothing contrary to the evident and immutable princi- 
ples of nature and the relative condition of man ; the first 
and final principle of which is, the eternal necessity of the 
mental culture of each succeeding generation, since mind is 
not a heritable property, independent of cultivation, but must, 
season after season, be sown and planted, nurtured, weeded, 
pruned, and formed, in each human being. 

Looking at the language of the gospel, or God's mystery, 
and putting an interpretation on that language, which shall 
become equal to a revelation or a truth, I find the declara- 
tion, that a second birth — birth of mind or mental culture, 
is distinguished from first birth, or birth of body from the 
parent — is essential to human salvation from evil. I find this 
declared to be the incarnation of God or Christ in man. I 
find the word worship as a relation between God and man, 
to be significant .of nothing more than mental culture, such 
being: its root in all languages, and such being the onlv sense 
in which any action upon that word can realise an evident 
good. I find prayer to signify the necessary Vabuur to ac- 
quire knowledge. I find the word repentance, when etymolo* 
gicaliy traced to a root, to be of precisely the same meaning ; 



is applicable to the culture of mind, signifying reflection* 
consideration, animadversion, and, when referable to a condi- 
tional future state, as referable only to that better future state 
of mankind that is to be produced when all are made Chris- 
tians or reasonable men, by due culture, in the acquirement of 
knowledge. I find the promise of peace and good-zvill among 
men, which most certainly has not been realised in any place 
vet called Christendom, to be a promise founded on the reality 
of Christianity, or of equal knowledge, and all its high accom- 
paniments. The true advent of Christ is only to be historically 
realised by a necessary state of the human mind. It is re- 
served for the human race to be the creator of Christ, which is 
a principle, that of reason or intellect ; and not a man, or any 
other being, independent of that principle. Christ comes from 
the worship of God, which means, when the words have a 
meaning, and a natural and rational application, the best 
culture that can be made of the human mind, the best 
action that can be educed from the man. I find the word 
soul to have no other true meaning than the word mind, no 
other physical origin or existence. It may be made immor- 
tal by cultivation ; without cultivation, it can be- scarcely said 
to be born, — there is no second birth. The first is the physical 
birth ; the second cultivation, an affair of art, the birth of mind 
or soul. The Christianity of man is wholly artificial, moral, 
or the produce of art. Even so have been all superstitious 
notions and the direful mistakes about Christianity. The 
Kingdom of Heaven must be the moral work of human art, 
founded upon honesty. It has nothing to do with physics, 
but in human knowledge of physical powers. It is in the 
birth of mind alone that virgin birth, or immaculate concep- 
tion, can be truly imagined. The Pagan My trios, illustrates 
this in the birth of Minerva, while the salutation, submission, 
overshadowing, conception, blessing, and annunciation, 01 
thanksgiving, breeding and birth of Christ, bv the Virgin Mary 



form but another version os that beautiful mythos, ever preg- 
nant with physical truth and all its moral applications. The 
miracles and teachings of Christ are : the first, mythological 
developments of physical nature ; the second, the moral duties 
of human nature. It is the principle that teaches, and not 
die example or power of man, by knowledge in the form of 
a mystery or allegory, or even of Christ in man, to make su- 
pernatural changes or appearances. It is the knowledge of 
the principle in man' that teaches the moral duty. The ar- 
raignment, condemnation, crucifixion, passion, death, burial, 
resurrection, and ascension, are but figures of the consequences 
that follow the labours of reason in seeking to reform the con- 
dition of man, of the institutions, churches, and states of so- 
ciety. The moral is purely political, and superstition cannot 
make a truth of it in any other shape. 

Such is not only true Christianity, but such is true Ma- 
sonry. 

Though I still deprecate all secret associations, all oath- 
makings, or absolute promises, as not necessary to the present 
welfare of English society, I have, by research, arrived at quite 
another general view of Masonry, to that which I took on first ex- 
posing it in the year 1825, while a prisoner in Dorchester gaol. 
1 then dealt with it as I and others were then dealing with the. 
letter of the Old and New Testaments. Not knowing the 
spirit of the allegory, I knew nothing more than the historical 
defects and other improprieties of the letter; that letter which 
St. Paul, in his Second Epistle to the Corinthians, chap, iii, 
verse 6, says, killeth or leadeth the mind to confusion and de- 
struction, as distinguished in meaning from that spirit, or reve- 
lation of the allegory of the New Testament, which giveth life 
or true knowledge. To know the letter, to carry the whole 
Bible in the memory, is still to be as ignorant as the man who 
never seen or heard of it, unless there be a knowledge of the 
spirit, revelation, or the meaning of its, allegory ; because the 



letter of the moral precepts is nothing more than was 
taught by the philosophers of all nations, who never saw or 
heard of either Old or New Testament, as recorded in the 
Bibie. 

Such also is Masonry. To follow the ritual and routine of 
all the degrees, to have the language in memory, and to be able 

m memory, to practise all its required steps, positions, grips, 
or motions, just amounts to nothing at all, in the making of a 
true Mason. As with the Bible, the spirit or revelation of the 
all gory of Masonry is required, both as knowledge and prac- 
u e, to make out the character of a real Mason. A true 
Mason is the same character as a. true Christian. That 
character is formed by the acquisition of all possible know- 
ledge, with the benevolent desire of extending it among the 
whole human race ; that recognises 'in every man a brother 
who has need of every other man's good -will and assist- 
ance. We have now among those who claim the distinct 
don, neither practical Masons nor practical Christians. All 
are misled with the delusions, of the letter, ritual, or ce- 
remony; none understand the spirit or revelation of the al- 
legory. 

Having negatived, in various publications, discourses, and 
discussion?, the assumption that the Bible is a book of histo- 
rical record, standing prepared to meet any call or challenge 
upon that head, I affirm it to be an emanation from the an- 
cient mysteries, aud precisely similar in its character to the 
ritual of Masonry. It is a mystery, an allegory, or a series of 
mysteries and allegories, that requires a revelation. That 
revelation is not in the book, is not now in any Masonic 
Lodge ; but it should be in the Church, it should be in 
each Masonic Lodge, it should be in the mind of every 
man. 

It would be nonsense to publish a mystery and revelation 
together, because the revelation is sufficient to all practicable 



purposes without the mystery ; but, wherever there is a mys- 
tery, in writing or in the ritual of ceremony, there a reve- 
lation is essential to be known, as the true meaning of the 
matter, or nothing useful is known. 

The true meaning, then, of the revelation of the mysteries 
of Judaism, Christianity, ■end Masonry, is, that man is a crea- 
ture to be improved by cultivation ; that knowledge of things 
is the source of improvement; and that time is the material to 
be properly used to that end ; labour the means of application : 
any existing thing an instrument to be worked with and com- 
prehended. Toward the accomplishment of the practice of 
this revelation, the exhortations of Masonry, as of the Bible, 
are equally good ; but unfortunately for those concerned, the 
letter or mystery has engaged too much attention — has been 
made of too much importance — has been ignorantly sub- 
stituted as the " one thing needful/ 7 for the spirit or re- 
velation ; the human race has been thereby much damaged r 
cas fallen from a better state, and requires to be raised 
i>y the spirit, revelation, knowledge, or better state of 
jnind. 

The mind that could construct a mystery developing so 
much important instruction under the form of an allegory, 
must have been a higher and better state of mind than that of 
those who have ignorantly followed the letter or mystery with- 
out knowing what it meant, and to whom the spirit or revela- 
tion has been wanting. This is evidence of a fall, in the 
order of generations of the race, from a higher state. The 
spirit or revelation possessed will carry us back to all those 
advantages which earlier races must have had, when super- 
stition had no authority, and when science was the pride of 
man. 

As to trie history of Masonry, I am not now disposed to 
limit its existence to any time, nor to confine its origin to 
any place, Knowing and proving that Christianity was known 



as a mystery before the era called Christian, that Judaism 
finds no resting-place on earth before the time of Alexander 
of Macedon, except m the conclave of the mysteries ; and, 
seeing that the ritual of Masonry is wholly formed from, or 
as the Bible mystery, I can as readily believe, that Masonry 
has truly emanated from the ancient mysteries of Egypt and 
other countries, as I can so believe of Judaism, Christianity, 
or the Bible. Indeed, I cannot otherwise account for the 
present character and existence of Masonry. To believe 
otherwise, I must believe that which I do not believe, that 
some one in modern times, or a hundred years ago, has under- 
stood the spirit and revelation of the Bible. The two forms of 
the mystery so coming down, side by side, afford me a proof 
that there have been none of ths devotees of either equal to the 
understanding of the spirit or revelation. The letter of either 
is full of superstition, nothing but superstition has been 
built upon it. There is more in the spirit or revelation. 
Hence I award to- Masonry a rank in antiquity, mean- 
ing, and purpose with Judaism, Christianity, or the 
Bible. 

I am not insensible how great is the difficulty to the pre- 
sent general state of mind, in any effort to comprehend this 
question in the position here taken. It is like every other 
kind of knowledge, dark and apparently difficult to ihose 
who are ignorant— clear and easily comprehended to those 
who understand. The very language necessary to state the 
case, is a novelty to the present generation. It is equivalent 
to the statement of a new science, for which words are, at 
first, much wanted. It is necessary to know something or 
mythology and theology to approach the subject. It is ne- 
cessary to know much of the divinity of ancient history. It 
is necessary there should be knowledge enough of the phy- 
sical sciences to raise the individual above the despicable 
slavery of superstition. Some knowledge of ancient languages 



becomes necessary, as the more knowledge of ancient language, 
the more easily to he comprehended is the science of mystery 
and revelation, of letter and spirit, of prophecy and interpre- 
tation, of theology and gnomology. 

The ritual of Masonry, like the Old and New Testaments, 
lias its two-fold lecture on theology and gnomology ; the 
ifirst, a mysterious discourse about God, and the relations of 
the physical to the moral world ; the second, the moral pre- 
cepts and exhortations of the political and social duties of 
man toward man. The building of Solomon's temple, which 
is the gist of Masonry, in its physical allusion, signifies the 
gaining a knowledge of the physical world ; in its moral 
allusion, signifies the best temple that can be made of the 
human body, by culture or product of mind. The letter 
figure, or instruments of the symbolization, just mean nothing 
at' all in relation to the subject of the secret or spirit; thus 
it is called sacred, mysterious, &c. As practical workman- 
ship in the letter, it is symbolical of the labour of acquir- 
ing knowledge. As apparent history of the past, it is the 
history of principles ascertained, which affect alike all peo- 
ple, at all times in all climes and countries. Hence the spi- 
rit of prophecy is most truly founded on the knowledge of 
those principles, so that every real Jew, real Christian, or 
real Mason, becomes a prophet, and prophecies most truly 
in the name of Lord or God ; — Lord or God here meaning 
the knowledge that has been acquired ; that knowledge being, 
to its degree, a picture of the physical or moral power, born, 
deified, and personified in the man or prophet 

In the degrees of Masonry, we begin with the Entered 
Apprentice, which signifies a beginning to learn. Then comes 
the Fellow-Graft, which signifies something learnt and applied 
under the direction of a Master. The degree of Master in* 
plies a capability to teach or to direct instruction. The Hoya 
Arch completes the philosophic character, and is .he *.cme t 



iie Masonry of the present Grand Lodge. And all that the 
Templar degrees of the Christian orders can add, is a new 
form of the allegory. The Grand Lodge Masonry of the 
present day is wholly Jewish. But a full understanding of 
the subject presents the three orders .of Judaism, Christianity, 
and Masonry, as one and the same allegorical scheme for hu> 
man improvement. 

All the particulars of Freemasonry being now laid before 
the public eye, there remains not the shadow of an excuse 
or reason why it should be continued as a secret associa- 
tion. The legislature being about to deal with other secret 
societies, would do well now not again to make an excep- 
tion of Masonry. And Masonry, now no longer a secret, 
had better deal with the revelation than the mystery, and 
devote its united powers to public instruction. Having done 
for Masonry what I have also done for the Jewish and Chris- 
tian religions, the Old and New Testaments, shown how it 
may be made respectable and useful, I seriously propose to 
the Masonic Lodges, that they allow me to come among them, 
and openly and publicly to lecture among them on the sub- 
ject. I cannot consent to go through any of their obliga- 
tions, because they are neither legal nor moral ; but I offer to 
give a scientific and moral explanation of those principles of 
Masonry, which are the true revelation of their mysterious 
language. ■ 

My exposure of Freemasonry in 1825 led to its exposure in 
tne United States of America ; and a Mason there, of the name 
of William Morgan, having announced his intention to assist in 
the work of exposure, was kidnapped, under pretended forms 
and warrants of law, by his brother Masons, removed from the 
State of New York to the borders of Canada, near the falls of 
Niagara, and there most barbarously murdered. This hap- 
pened in 1826. The States have been for many years much 
excited upon the subject ; a regular warfare has arisen between 



Masons and Anti-Masons; — societies of Anti-Masons have 
been formed ; newspapers and magazines started ; and many- 
pamphlets and volumes, with much correspondence, published ; 
so that, before the Slavery Question was pressed among them, 
them, all parties had merged into Masons and Anti-Masons. 
Several persons were punished for the abduction of Morgan ; 
but the murderers were sheltered by Masonic Lodges, and 
rescued from justice. This was quite enough to show that 
Masonry, as consisting of a secret association, or an associa- 
tion with secret oaths and ceremonies, is a political and social 
evil. 

While writing this, I have been informed that individual 
members of Orange Lodges have smiled at the dissolution of 
their Lodges, with the observation, that precisely the same as- 
sociation can be carried on under the name of Masonry. This 
is an evil that secret associations admit. No form of anything 
of the kind, when secret, can protect itself from abuses"; and 
this is a strong reason why Masonic associations should get rid 
of their unnecessary oaths, revise their constitutions, and throw 
themselves open to public inspection and report. There is 
enough that may be made respectable in Masonry, in the pre- 
sent state of mind and customs, to admit of scrutinising pub- 
licity. 

The common mistake of the superstitionists, under the name 
of Jew and Christian, has been to read the Sacred Scriptures 
as pieces of profane history, instead of understanding them to 
be fane or temple history, history of universal principles relat- 
ing to the whole human race, and not a record of the acts of 
the people of any particular time or country. All such records 
ure distinguished as profane, or something recorded of indivi- 
dual human action, beyond or without the business of the 
temple, and are further styled uncanonical and apocryphal. 
Profane history is the truth of human action in particular times 
and places, and of a particular people. Sacred history is the 



Catholic record cf principles, for the guidance of mankind 
through life, not appertaining or confined to any particular peo- 
ple, but presenting the principles of nature, or what is known 
of God, to the Catholic or universal instruction of the human 
race. The disposition of the mistaken Jew is to monopolise 
hia portion of the Sacred Scriptures, as a charm or benefit pre- 
pared and presented to his people in their sectarian character. 
The disposition of the nominal Christian, though mistaking, as 
between sacred and profane history, has latterly been to freely 
circulate his Sacred Scriptutes, ever to proselyte the Gentiles 
or people of all nations, and to bring them within the sphere of 
his imagined benefits. The Christian is, therefore, of the two, 
the more philanthropic character, in the abstract ; though, in 
his zeal for conversion of mind, or uniformity of creed, he has 
been practically a most intolerant and furious destructive, 
which the Jew, in his selfish sense of peculiar and exclusive 
advantage, with relation to deity, has not been. But this has 
been the mistake both of Jew and Christian. Reading their 
Sacred Scriptures, in their true mythological character, receiv- 
ing the inspiration of their spirit and their truth, understanding 
what they reveal, the Jew and the Christian become one and thfc 
same character, as to the acknowledgment of principles ; and 
originated their first distinctions in the spirit of two rival phi- 
losophical sects, the basis of whose philosophy was the same. 
Under that spirit of distinction, they have sadly persecuted each 
other, the weaker party being the greater sufferer; and super- 
stition springing up as a weed, where their original philosophy 
ceased to be cultivated, — the four quarters of the globe have 
been swamped with human blood, instead of having been cul- 
tivated into a paradise. The reign of Christ and the Jewish 
Messiah, one and the same prince, has still to begin. May it 
soon begin, and may all be united on sound principles under 
that reign. The Messiah or Christ, will be the reign of the 
Logos, or principle of reason among men. 



ftis then the truth, defensible by physical science, by historical, 
science, and by moral science, that the Bible, in its theological 
character, is wholly, independently, entirely, exclusively, a my- 
thological book ; and that, from the name of Adam to the name of 
Jesus Christ, in the supposed line of Jewish descent, there is 
not the name of any one human being that has lived and passed 
the stage of life ; every such name being the name of a princi- 
ple, relating to the hunian condition ; and the whole corres- 
ponding in character with what we have ignorantly, and 
contemptuously, because ignorantly, styled the thirty thousand 
gods and goddesses of the Pagan world. 

Christianity was a philosophical improvement on the general 
mythology of Pagans and Jews, inasmuch as it aspired to the 
encircling of the whole human race within the influence and 
reign of the best principles : a high cultivation of the mind, as 
the necessary foundation of ell that is desirable in manners 
Oh ! what a fall, from that height down to the present super- 
stition ! 

Masonry has been more like Judaism, professing the pos- 
session of a benefit, which has been exclusively held under the 
guise of secrecy or mystery ; but which, had it been better un- 
derstood, as a system of morality, veiled in allegory, and illus- 
trated by symbols, would have been passionately extended to the 
%vhole human race 

In the first three degrees of Masonry, the Entered Apprentice, 
Fellow- Craft, and Master, we find the ceremonies, the sym- 
bols, and the language, founded upon the Scriptures of the Old 
Testament, or wholly Jewish, relating to the building of Solo- 
mon 's Temple ; which, in its relation to human nature, is a 
figurative allusion to the building up of the temple of the hu- 
man mind, or, as Josephus describes that temple, "an allego- 
rical picture of all that is known of physical and morai 
phenomena." 

Another meaning signifies a temple to be a convenient 



building, containing all the necessary implements, both as to 
men and things, for the culture of the human mind, of which a 
Masonic Lodge is an emblem, and should be a reality ; and 
which also should be the practical and applicable character of 
the building called a Christian Church : thus harmonizing that 
system which is now mistakenly pregnant and productive of the 
most bitter dissent ; and instructing those sects which profess to 
hold something important, the true secret, revelation, or mean- 
ing of which they know not, and cannot apply to their advan- 
tage. * 

But the inner and more important meaning in which the word 
Temple is to be understood, as Solomon's Temple, the House of 
God, Church of Christ, Temple of the Holy Ghost, Kingdom 
of Heaven, is the mind of man, cultivated from time to time in 
the best possible manner, and productive of the best possible 
effects, making, in fact and truth, a Temple of Reason. This is 
the meaning of the secret, or sacredness, or sacrament of the 
Scriptures of both Old and New Testament, and the mystery of 
Masonry. Each and all is one and the same thing as to prin- 
ciple. No such building as Solomon's Temple, according to 
the literal reading of the Books of Kings and Chronicles in the 
Bible, was ever raised in that country now called Judea ; but 
the mythological sketch existing, a colony of men, called Jews, 
under the protection and sanction of the Ptolemies of Egypt, 
about two thousand years ago, did build a temple on a spot oi 
ground in Syria or Palestine, which was called the Second 
Temple, and became subject to the fate of all such structures ; 
and at or after the building of that temple, the name of Jerusa- 
lem was first given to the city by which it was to be surrounded, 
and the name of Judea to the district of land that had pre- 
viously been called Palestine : the former Jerusalem having; 
meant nothing more than a mythological cit^, as it is explained! 
in. the fourth chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians, and in. the 
Book of Revelation, a Jerusalem, or City of Peace yet to be built 



XVI 

In corning to the fourth or fifth, if the Master's Degree be 
considered one, the Royal Arch Degree becomes a link or step, 
as between Judaism and Christianity ; the Logos or WORD, 
in relation to Christ, is more distinctively introduced ; and the 
building of the Second Temple, described as the Lord's 
Temple, which, in relation to Judaism, is meant to signify the 
Temple of Christianity : the temple of Judaism, as the first in 
relation to the second, passing under the distinction of a bon- 
dage, captivity, absence of freedom, or a temple of the law ; a 
distinction without a real difference arising from the sectarian 
spirit, as between the nominal Jews and Christians, but made 
symbolical of the progress of humanity from ignorance to know- 
ledge ; and, in the sense of a former fall, from knowledge or 
observance of the laws of God or nature, to the bad habits of 
superstition and ignorance. 

Masonry has been considered complete in the Royal Arch 
Degree, -and even in the Master's Degree; but the spirit of 
sectarianism, so difficult to be kept out of human systems of 
philosophy, has created new degrees, under the distinction of 
Christian or Cross Degrees, originating the various ancient sys- 
tems of knighthood, as knights of the various coloured crosses, 
Knights Templar, Knights of Malta, &c. These degrees of 
orders of knighthood were certainly at one time engaged in 
active and cruel warfare with the follower? of Mahomet, and 
were beaten in the end ; but there is a higher and moral or 
mental distinction applicable to the whole fraternity, and thai 
is, the better sense of symbolical philosophy, in which the cross 
is understood as the great symbol of science ; the enemies of 
the cross, as the tyrants who seek to subdue the mind of man, 
m& subject it to superstition ; and the knights, or soldiers of 
the cross, as the scholars of the earth chivalrously warring with 
ignorance and superstition, and exposing themselves to all the 
dangers and sufferings thereon consequent. This view leaves us 
a true picture of human nature ; and as we go on to subdue 



superstition, we shall be enabled to make a beautiful develop- 
ment of ancient symbolical mythology, and to unlock and open 
the correct history of the past with the key of science, or those 
cross keys of physical and moral science — the keys of life and 
death, of heaven and hell, the key-stone of Royal Arch Ma- 
sonry, of which, in the scheme of Christian symbols, St. Peter 
is the Custos, that rock ^n which the church of Christ is to be 
built. 

I shall, in this volume, give the order of Knights Templar, 
as the most prominent order in the cross degrees of Masonry ; 
but shall reserve the multitarious degrees of both Testaments, 
that have been constructed and observed as portions of Ma- 
sonry, for the contents of another. The curious reader, in the 
interim, may find them roughly sketched, if he can obtain 
that now scarce and much sought work, the twelfth volume of 
the " Republican ;" of the pecuniary value of which, while 
compiling it in Dorchester gaol, I had not an idea, or I might 
have made it a source of great profit. It is not now to be 
purchased, unless with the set of fourteen volumes at five 
pounds. 

The advent of the Jewish Messiah, the advent of Christ, and 
the advent of a reasonable state of society, in which mystery 
and superstition shall yield to plain practical science, in the 
constitution of the human mind, are to be one and the same 
reality, the moral of the mystery of Judaism, Christianity, and 
Masonry. If the nominal Jew, Christian, or Mason, aim at, 
or expect anything else, he Aviil die, deceived through life. It 
is one of the immutable laws of nature, that no other kind of 
advent that can save from evil shall happen. This is the key 
to the mystery of Judaism, of Christianity, and of Masonry. 
Each party avows mystery in his ceremonies, of which he is 
morally ignorant; each professes to be waiting for the d eve-= 
lopment of that mystery ; and each will never understand 
and agree with tae other without the use of the key I offer, 

B 



to unlock the whole of tne mysteries, I trace the sacred ad- 
mission of the principle throughout Masonry, throughout the 
New Testament, and throughout the Old Testament. The plan 
of each is * the proper culture and discipline of the human 
mind ;' and 6 get knowledge, get wisdom, get salvation, get li- 
berty/ is the motto, marrow, key, and substance of the whole 
Deliverance from bondage, from darkness, from ignorance, 
from evil, is the effort to be made ; and Jehovah, Jesus, Lord 
or Logos (reason), the principle, or help, or means to be 
sought as necessary to accomplish the end. Man has it all to 
do for himself; and this he is clearly taught in the Bible, and 
in the Masonic mystery. He cannot either deserve or obtain 
it but by qualifying himself. 

The revelation of Masonry has been one of the means by 
which I have been led on to a full revelation of the Judaic and 
Christian mysteries. The mysteries are all purely of a mytho- 
logical character. If not so, they are not to be at all under- 
stood. So understood, the key or revelation is the reason of 
science applied to symbolical language. Why the mysteries 
were invented and followed — why knowledge was so secretly 
and ceremoniously communicated, is not the question now to 
be settled. Apologies may be found in the poetic pleasure of 
similitudes ; in the dramatic amusement afforded ; in the 
importance which the lower state of the human mind has ever 
attached to things with difficulty obtained ; in the spirit of ty- 
ranny, aristocracy, priestcraft, and sectarianism ; in the love of 
the marvellous, which predominates where human nature is 
left ignorant ; and on many other grounds. I see, with a per- 
fect sight, the whole of the ancient mysteries ; and a true reve 
lation of them will, by-and-bye, form a delightful history of th_ N 
human race, and illuminate that darkness which has been 
formed in the human mind, by a resting on the letter or 
some of those mysteries as profane historical fact. That 
which the enlarged mind of ancient genius could symbolize 



XIX 

by virtue of its inspiration, as the history of principles inci- 
dent to human existence, under the form of united similitudes 
of physical and moral nature, well suited to man's instruc- 
tion, when understood, has, by erring ignorance, guided by 
cunning, deceitful, and plundering priestcraft, been adopted 
as a literal history of the human race, and a record of all 
its actions. The mistake has been the same, as if any other 
poetic or mythological picture had been taken for the reality, 
instead of the spirit or principle of an existence ; as if Ve- 
nus had embodied all the love, and Mars all the spirit of 
war that has existed in the human world ; instead of under- 
standing that Venus is a name given to that principle of love 
which is diffused through human life ; and Mars a name for 
the evil spirit of war which, lamentably, has too much pre- 
vailed, and has been too much encouraged by human beings 
so erring and misled. As Minerva was a name given to the 
principle of wisdom, insufficiently scattered in the human 
character, miraculously born from, and immaculately con- 
ceived in the brain of Jupiter; so precisely is the whole 
character and history of Jesus Christ, the only-begotten buc 
not made Son of God. In the latter case, the instrumenta- 
lity of the Virgin does not change the spirit of the Mythos. 
The whole mythological family, of every nation, will be found 
true to nature, in the delineation or revelation of principle. 
And this is all that is necessary to be learnt by those who 
meddle with ancient writings and symbols. In so meddling, 
we deal with the poetry, pageantry, and customs of ancient 
men, who, we should ever remember, lived on the same planet 
as we live on, and saw the same external and internal things 
only which we now see, having no other existences about them 
than those we now have, on and of which to construct their 
language. I see and prophesy, that this general view of the 
mythological, theological, or mysterious subject, is the only one 



n«(rt can make a brotherhood ot the human race, by leading 
tuem to truth. 

In standing forward as the harbinger or prophet of this the 
greatest of all the advents that have yet blessed the human 
race, it must be seen that I stand clear of all bad motive^ 
and have sufficiently studied the current of human nature in 
society, so as not to delude myself with any hope of a living 
reward, or any thing beyond that memorial stone hereafter, 
which is commonly the useful man's substitute for the want of 
bread here. I have passed through all the defects of Supersti- 
tion, of Deism, of Atheism, of Materialism ; I renounce all 
such names and distinctions, as far as they make systems in the 
mind. I hate secrecy, abhor concealment of knowledge, and 
have so far studied as to know that man is born ignorant, and 
has need of mental culture, that knowledge is his one thing need- 
ful : that it is criminal to withhold any kind of knowledge, in 
its due season for use, from any human being; assured, that 
nothing but a near approach to an equality of knowledge can 
be a near approach to an equality of high condition for the 
human race, to all that they have called coming peace, good- 
will, and paradise. I see a plan for this approach to an 
juality of knowledge in the mythological rudiments of the 
Christian scheme, and without wishing to be thought at all 
fclike in character with those who have wrongfully usurped the 
title, I declare myself to be in reality a Christian, free from su- 
perstition, the cultivator of science not to be monopolised, but 
to be extended to all who can receive it. In that same sense, 
I am a Mason ; in the same, a Jew. A name has never formed 
the basis of brotherhood, it must be sought in the extended 
knowledge of the necessary principle. It is not person, but 
principle, that we ought to study. It is not a history of the 
human race that can serve us ; but a history of the principles 
that have led it to good or to evil ; and this is what the Bible, 



XXI 

and ail other mythological books and mysteries, wen i*.# 
teach. 

In this spirit, and with this knowledge, I call upon Masons 
to take me by the hand, and to make their association of more 
importance than they have yet made it. Let them not wait to 
be disbanded by the Legislature, as a useless and mischievous 
association ; but let them anticipate the spirit of a coming age, 
and assist me in the union of all the mysteries, by this onfc 
great revelation of universal application. Our grip shall be the 
sign of wisdom ; our word shall become a quickening spirit • 
and we shall realize the old masonic sentiment of (intellectually) 
setting the world on fire. The deluge of mystery has not only 
overwhelmed Babylon, but Egypt, Greece, Rome, and will, if 
we do not light up the spirit of revelation in time, most as- 
suredly overthrow this British nation. It is even now in dan- 
ger, from the dissension of its internal mysteries, of becoming 
an easy prey to some more barbarously mysterious power. 
Thus fell Babylon, Egypt, Jerusalem, Greece, Rome, and why 
not Britain, if Britain retain those seeds of disease and weak- 
ness ? Tell me not, that the safety of a country is in its super- 
stition, or in its secret and mysterious bands ; I know it to be 
safe only, where knowledge is dispersing its superstition and 
mysteries, in a submission to, and a unity of sentiment founded 
upon, that knowledge, tf the bigot will not yield to reason, he 
will be sure to draw the sword of civil war, or, traitor-like, call 
in a foreign aid to further his wickedness or madness. This 
has been every where the case ; this is what is taught by the 
moral of the t mysterious death of Hiram Abiff, and of Jesus 
Christ ; and this it will be well that we rightly comprehend, in 
due season, to save our country, and leave a land to our pos- 
terity. To get rid of the mysteries, will be to make a holy land 
of every country. This is revelation. 

The spirit of the warfare among the cross degrees of Ma- 
onry, means a warfare with superstition and mystery. The 



XX11 

meaning of the church militant is lost to those who have made 
u mystery of Chris tianity, without retaining the revelation. 
The church militant is the church of people fighting against 
error, mystery, superstition, idolatry, with no other w r eapon 
than revelation, knowledge, reason, where that is sharp enough. 
The sword of steel should never be used but on the defensive. 
I claim the distinction of having been the best and most endur- 
ing soldier of Jesus Christ, that the church has produced 
within these last fifteen hundred years, a true and trusty Knight 
Templar, using the right weapons in the right way. 

I read, in the year 1834, from the Knight Templar anrl 
Masonic tomb-stones, in the ruins of the Chapel of Holyrood- 
House, at Edinburgh, that Masonry has been a pure, though 
mysterious, descent from the ancient mysteries ; retained in 
letter, practised in ceremony, but not understood in revelation. 
In the Antiquarian Museum of that city, I saw specimens of 
the cross, dug up in Scotland, that were wreathed as symbols 
of science, and evidently older than the Christian era. I saw 
the rude pulpit of John Knox, and lamented that such a fana- 
tical brute had ever gained power in Scotland, to make the 
ceremony of mystery more fanatically mysterious and mischiev- 
ous. I saw a brighter past in Scotland, than the whisky-spirit 
of the present devotion to mystery will allow to be recovered 
through a long future. The late lamented O'Brien has in his 
" Essay on the Round Towers," shown as much of Ireland ; 
and died a lamentable instance of genius smothered and mur- 
dered by ignorant and wicked mystery. I either inherited or 
prepared a set of nerves suitable to the task I had to perform, 
and the persecution to be endured. Ten years of imprison- 
ment have not destroyed me. Retiring from the murky,, 
deathly atmosphere of the London winter, I feel as young 
i md as spirited as ever. I will continue the fight, and wilL 
not be killed, while a " crust and Christ" can be found. 

The difficulty I feel in making progress is, that learned im- 



posters shrink from discussion, and abuse the ignorance which 
they rule, by calumniating the honesty and courage that, with 
more learning, seeks to instruct. The position which I take 
with every man is, a desire to instruct him, or to be instructed 
by him. If any other view be taken of my character, it stands 
misrepresented. In assailing what I have discovered to be su- 
perstition, I have, from time to time, used what I have felt to 
be the most powerful weapons. If I have varied the use of 
sny weapons it has been from no other motive than to work 
more effectually. I have learnt to think with Paine, that false- 
hood is not entitled to complaisance ; and I have most con- 
scientiously spurned all acquaintance with hypocrisy, wicked- 
ness, and unsteadiness of character. That I have made more 
enemies than friends, I am well-informed, by painful experi- 
ence ; for I have found ignorance and hypocrisy to be the 
rulers of the world. But that I have found some most valuable 
friends, sustaining, satisfying, sympathising, cheering, that have 
made me feel life worth preserving, and man in general as wor- 
thy of the struggle I have made for his better future welfare, it 
would not only be ingratitude in me to deny ; but I cannot do 
so, as I almost daily enjoy the company of a few such 
characters. 

The true secret of universal brotherhood must be in equality 
of knowledge, and honesty of its application. All other pre- 
tence is trick, deceit, and inefficiency. — Masonry, in its mys- 
terious ceremony, makes this pretence ; but it is a failure, 
€very where a failure, in relation to universality. And it is 
only by construing the spirit of Masonry to mean a universal 
equality of knowledge, that its profession of brotherhood can be 
sustained. 

The field of ancient science, which a true knowledge of 
mythology opens to our view, is the only redemption we have 
*Vom present superstition. Strong minds, by their own scienti- 
fic perceptions, may see through superstition ; but the muiti 



xxiv 

tude of this day is not strong of mind, and wants careful direc 
tion to abate its fears, to appease its alarms, and to unfold to 
its understanding the realities of past, present, and future 
Let the Synagogue, the Church, and the Masonic Lodge, be- 
come schools for that purpose. Let mystery be sunk by sci- 
ence, and imposture by honesty, that a bleeding and starving 
world may have some hope of better state in the future of this ; 
instead of being cheated into contentment with ignorance and 
misery here, under the delusion of attaining happiness hereafter. 
The immediate present and to-morrow, is that which it becomes 
man to be earnestly providing for. 

This, my playing Knight Templars, is making up the charac- 
ter of a real Christian soldier ; and I hope to see and to say — 
CONSUMMATUM EST. 



THE TAU AND THE CROSS. 

The Tau is a figure constructed of five lines, thus, LL1 and 
is considered an important emblem or badge in Royal Arch- 
Masonry. It is also styled a Triple Tau, or Triple Cross ; the 
Tau of the Greek being like the "|" of the Egyptian, Roman, 
or English alphabet. There were other forms of the Cross. 
One was the Crux Ansata, thus V >', another tripled, thus ^ i 
In some, there were circles attached to each end thus o4-o and 
thus c&o ; a cross within a circle, thus ^jy. The Roman X> 
or Cross of St. Andrew ; the Cross Keys of St. Peter, and ah 
the varied figures of the Cross, found in Heraldry, are symbols 
of science, or keys of mystery. In every recorded mythology 
or religion, one or the other form of the Cross has been adopted ; 
and from the most ancient Phallic ceremonies and processions, 
down to the superstition of the present day, it has been the im- 
mediate symbol worshipped 



VSfe mav be said to have two departments, or to be oi two 
distinct kinds — the physical and the moral ; the sensual and 
the intellectual ; the latter growing out of, and being closely in- 
tertwined with, the other. Superstition has inverted the order, 
and made the latter the creative power of the former ; the in- 
tellectual of the sensual, or the moral of the physical. This is 
the grand mistake ! All the evidences of nature are to the con- 
trary, and leave to man the spirit of liberty, choice in many cir- 
cumstances — a soul, reason, Christ, and moral responsibility : 
while the former is the doctrine of fatality, carried through both 
the physical and moral world, leaving man no spirit of liberty, 
no choice, no soul, no reason, no Christ ; a mere helpless, use- 
less, predestinated or fatal creature, without moral responsi- 
bility: for if a superior, immutable, intellectual power has 
designed, that power is alone responsible for what happens. 
Such a doctrine is the invention or mistake of man, and has no 
warrant in science. It is a mistake made about the ancient 
mythology. In reasoning from what we know, we cannot 
reach a knowledge of anything of an intellectual character 
preceding or equal to physical power. Intellectual power is 
human art, applied to the varying or extension of effects by- 
other combinations of physical causes, than those which phy- 
sical nature presents to us. I maintain, that no true science or 
morality can be taught on any other general ground. 

The science of symbols teaches us, that the same symbols 
may be made or meant to represent the two departments of 
life. For instance ; the great order of creation and preserva- 
tion is, both physically and morally, of a generative kind. 
The Cross, in varied figures, might have been, as it has been, 
made to represent both departments ; the physical, as the first 
principle — the mora} or intellectual, as the second principle of 
life ; the first and second birth of the New Testament. Then, 
as an emblem, the figure or symbol may be made an instru- 
ment for abuse in the indulgence of sensual excesses, as 



it has by mistake been made an instrument of abuse in 
in superstitious or devotional excesses. It may even be 
abused in intellectual excesses, which often endanger the 
physical organization, and lead to insanity. This will ac- 
count for all the various abuses, uses, and views that have been 
made and taken of mythological symbols. Human nature may 
and does use and abuse every thing that can be subjected to its 
sphere of action ; and the only remedy available and applica- 
ble, is proper intellectual culture, which is the true and best 
religion — the best pastime, the best filling up of the hours of 
life not required in sleep, in the cultivation of the earth, and 
preparation of other necessary comforts. The grand question 
for man to solve is, how can the time of human life be best spent ? 
The Triple Tau has been adopted by the Jewish, or Old 
Testament order of Masonry ; the Cross, by the Christian, or 
New Testament order. In original meaning and general ap- 
plication, they are one and the same symbol of science, denot- 
ing what is known of physics by the intellectual or moral, what- 
ever addition can be made to that knowledge. Here we see 
also the union of principle in Judaism and Christianity. And 
how appropriate is the symbol of a key or cross to the unlock- 
ing, not only of those mysteries which scientific men have con- 
structed in language ; but also that knowledge, or the search oj 
it, is the key wherewith to unlock all the mysteries of physical 
nature ; which are mysteries as far as we are ignorant, but , 
which cease to be mysteries as we acquire knowledge. Know, 
ledge is the one thing needful ; the lost word sought in Ma- 
sonry; but truly as superstition misdirected the human mind, 
•and caused a fall from the ancient knowledge possessed and 
signified by symbols. Let all go in pursuit of knowledge, and 
thus harmonize human dissent and its evil consequences. Men 
agree in and teach whatever they know : they dissent only 
where both parties are ignorant, and neither can explain the 
mystery of ancient language and symbols. 



As we see that the Cross is a symbol of science, we reach 
the grand denouement of the meaning of the conversion of Con- 
stantine, the Roman Emperor. The story goes, and is told in 
the Cross-degrees of Masonry, that Constantine saw a figure of 
the cross in the heavens, with an inscription, In hoc signo vinces : 
By this sign or symbol y thou shalt overcome ; and that this sight 
converted him from Paganism to Christianity. We now see 
that the Cross was originally a Pagan symbol, and could have 
been nothing new to Constantine. The moral of it, as here 
presented in the name of Constantine is, that, by science man 
may overcome all the difficulties that wait on his ignorance. 
This, if any, was the discovery or development to the mind of 
Constantine. And this was the truth so desirable to be known 
by all men. The Christian religion was introduced in this 
way, and carried on by symbols. Ancient ecclesiastical his- 
tory is full of them. Here we have a wheel within a wheel, 
as to the cross and inscription said to have been seen by Con- 
stantine in the heavens. Not only is the phrase, In hoc signo 
vinces, most strictly applicable to the power of knowledge or 
Teason ; but in the initials of the words, we have the celebrated 
I. H. S., which the Latin Fathers translated, Jesut Hominum 
Salvator, or Jesus the Saviour of man ; but which is traced to 
the Pagan altars of Bacchus, as a Greek inscription of the 
letters Iota, Eta, Sigma, signifying Yes, or Saviour. In the 
inscription of the Cross, as said to have been seen by Constan- 
tine, we have only to take up and add the initial of vinces, and 
we make the Latin Jesu. It is thus the whole thing called the 
Christian religion, throughout its nomenclature, has been con- 
structed : this is what it is in principle ; and nothing of it as it 
has been read according to the letter, as a piece of profane 
history, has been true. The name of Jesus is found to be a 
Pagan name, or the Greek for Saviour ; as Christ has also a 
root in the Greek language signifying Anointed. Jesus Christ, 
the Saviour Anointed, that is, chosen by mankind : in which, 



xxvin 

in the rendering, that the salvation consists of knowledge of 
reason, none better can be found to be adopted or anointea 
Here is nothing peculiarly of Jewish origin; but of Grecian ae« 
duction, corresponding precisely with the parallel Mythos o t 
Prometheus bound and unbound. All books and epistles de* 
nominated Christian, have come down to us from the Greek 
language. We cannot trace one of them into the Hebrew lan- 
guage, or that of the Jews, though we can trace the principle 
upon which the Mythos is constructed into Persia, Hindostan, 
and among every anciently known people from the Hindoo to 
the Druids of this island. The Jews have the same Mythos 
in their Jehorah, Moses, David, &c. It is the Mythos Logos, 
the mysterious power of reason or intellect in the human being, 
emanating from the mysterious or unknown power of the phy- 
sical universe. 

Modern, self-styled Masons have played with the symbols of 
this mysterious science without understanding, and conse- 
quently without making of it any useful application : they have, 
in fact, used it to their injury. The same may be said of mo- 
dern, self-styled Christians and Jews. A full development of 
this mistake is now, for the first time, made known, and I in- 
vite to its aid the criticism and discussion of all existing talent. 
Let it not be considered as anything of mine ; but let it be ex- 
amined as if it had an anonymous author. 

Through ignorance of its mystery, many defects and ana- 
chronisms have crept into the ceremonies of Modern Masonry. 
Without having seen the interior of a Masonic Lodge, I could 
correct them, by virtue of my knowledge of the true Masonic 
Science. I have done so in the Royal Arch Degree accompa- 
nying this introduction, as I had to make it up from many va- 
rying forms used in this country and in America. In my pre- 
sent edition of the Royal Arch Degree, there is nothing out of 
order, and nothing that is valued, omitted. 

As my pursuit of Masonic Science is closely coincident with 



XXIX 

my general warfare with superstition, further elucidations of tin-. 
subject may be expected from me ; but I should prefer to send 
them forth in the shape and practice of Lectures among Ma- 
sons, as some ^preparatory initiation, by education somewhere, 
is essential to the full understanding of the mythological matter. 

I have, among my Masonic illustrations, many definitions of 
the Tau, such as that it means — T. H. or Tempium Hieroso- 
lyma, Temple of Jerusalem ; that it means a treasure, or a 
place in which the treasure is deposited. These are but sym- 
bolical meanings of the symbol. The true literal and moral 
meaning is the key to science, or the diving of the intellectual 
power into the physical mysteries and thus obtaining revela- 
tion. It has been described as the Nilometre, an instrument by 
which the waters of the Nile, at their overflowing, were mea- 
sured. As T. upon H. it may be defined as the cross upon the 
name of Jehovah, or the mystical union between the Father 
and the Son, the letter H representing Jehovah, or the Father. 
This would be still but a symbol or mystery; and what we. 
want is the revelation of the mystery, which we can only find 
in reading it as a symbol of science. 

That man is physically born ignorant, and has need of intel- 
lectual cultivation, is the root and foundation of all useful 
knowledge. Superstition has smothered for a time this the 
first necessary item of knowledge. It must be redeemed be- 
fore human society can recover its lost position. We have in 
ghe church and its property all the machinery necessary where- 
with to re-commence the suspended task ; and as the property 
is a public one belonging to the whole people, there can be no 
ground of exclusion or want of qualification because of po- 
verty. It is the fallacious boast in the ceremony of Masonry, 
that it may be obtained without money. The candidate is de- 
prived of every thing valuable, and received only as a figure of 
humility ; as a picture of the human mind proceeding from ig- 
norance to knowledge 



. XXX 

f 

A thorough series of Masonry should represent the creation 
of the earth, &c. ; of man and woman, by the Logos or Jeno- 
vah ; the disposition of Jehovah, that man should be happy as 
the cultivator of the soil ; the possession of the Garden of 
Eden ; the loss of that possession ; the slaying of Abel by 
Cain ; the building of the Tower of Babel ; the confusion or 
tongues and dispersion of the people ; the bondage in Egypt; 
an Exodus from that bondage ; the passing of the Red Sea ; 
giving the law from Mount Sinai ;* sojourn in the wilderness; 
the gaining possession of a holy or fruitful land ; building a 
temple in the city of Jerusalem ; the loss or destruction of that 
temple and city ; the captivity in Babylon ; the restoration 
from that captivity ; the re-building of the temple and city ; 
the advent of Jesus Christ, as a new incarnation of the Logos ; 
the persecution and crucifixion of that incarnation ; its death 
and burial, resurrection and ascension ; the apostolic preach- 
ing of the gospel for the institution of Christianity, and its 
effect on mankind ; the invasion of the Holy Landby infidels ; 
the combined efforts of Christians to expel them ; the varying 
success of that effort ; final triumph according to the pro- 
phecies. 

The present practised system of Mystery embodies la 
these subjects, without proper order and arrangement, and 
without sufficient instruction as to its mythological character. 
Neglects, mistakes, and want of written documents have thrown 
the whole into a medley. The dramatic arrangement of the 
contents of the Bible is a perfect picture of the struggles and 
mishaps of human nature ; and the promised happy future i? 

* A modern traveller through Egypt and the surrounding desert 
informs me, that Mount Sinai is the theatre of one of the most power- 
ful echoes known on the earth, and singularly adapted for any i ii4 
of divine or priestly imposition upon an ignorant people. I do r.-it 
remember that any other traveller has noticed this echo. This ir?o- 
tleman is about to publish his travels, with some new illustration Xy 
geological data of the creation of the earth. 



the conditional promise of purification by the aid of Christ, the 
Logos or practical reason in the race. The mistaken use is to 
treat it as profane history, and not to receive it as a warning 
example in the statement of principles. To the purpose of any 
theological instruction, it is not necessary that the details he li- 
terally true as profane history. It partakes of the character of 
novel o: other dramatic writing, of instruction as to character 
and principles by fiction, which to this day is received and 
most read as the most agreeable and satisfactory style of writ- 
ing. Our present public mind cares very little about simple, 
common-place, practical truths. Human nature seems to crave 
mystery ; to be fond of riddles and the marvellous ; and, 
doubtless, it was ever so, and so provided for in the Bible and 
other mythological and dramatic books — so provided for in 
Masonry. 

RICHARD CARLILE. 



MANUAL OF FfiEEMASONRlT, 

PART IL 



CEREMONY OF INITIATION AND INSTALLATION 
FOR THE CHAIR. 



PAST MASTERS DEGREE. 



Before proceeding to an exaltation in the Royal Arch, the 
candidate must have been initiated in the degree called Past 
Master, which is also necessary as a qualification for the chair 
in Craft Masonry. 

The candidate is proposed or balloted for as in the Master's 
Degree. The officers are the same, and the lodge is opened 
and closed in nearly the same manner. When the candidate 
is proposed for the chair, he is first obligated by kneeling on 
both knees, laying both hands on the Bible covered by the 
square and compasses, and takes the following oath : — 

u I, A, B., of my own free will and accord, in the presence of 
Almighty God, and this Worshipful Lodge of Past Master 
Masons, do hereby and hereon most solemnly and sincerely 
promise and swear, that I will not divulge the secrets of a Past 
Master Mason, or any of the secrets pertaining thereto, to any 
ai* of an inferior degree, nor to any being in the known world, 
except it be to a true and lawful brother or brethren, or within 
th*» body of a just and lawfully constituted Lodge of Past 
Master Masons, and not unto him or unto them, whom I shall 
hear so to be ; but unto him, and them only, whom I shall find 
p. u. 9 c 



so to be, after strict trial, examination or, lawful information^ 
iwider no less a penalty, in addition to all former obligations, of 
having my hands lopped off at the wrist : so help me God, and 
keep me steadfast to this my lawful obligation as a Past Master 
Mason. " — {The Bible to be kissed four times.) 

The candidate is raised from his knees, with the grip of a 
Past Master, and is intrusted with the grip, word, and sign^ 
The grip is to grasp the brother with the Master's grip, and 
then extend the grip above the elbow with both hands. The 
word is Giblum, with some Chibbelum. The first sign is to 
place the thumb of the right hand perpendicular on the lips, 
with the fingers clenched. In some lodges there is a second 
sign, which is to extend the right arm at length, in a right 
line, with the thumb and finger appearing to hold the plumb- 
line. The obligated candidate is then placed in the chair, 
and the brethren salute the new Worshipful Master with the 
proper sign, and the late Worshipful Master presents him 
with the various implements of the order, thus addressing 
him : — 

Worshipftu Master, I now present you with the following 
implements of our profession, which are emblematical of our 
conduct in life. 

First. — The Holy Writings, those records of Masonic Light, 
will guide you to all truth; you may learn from them how to 
form your own body into a temple of happiness, learning to 
practise the whole duty of man. 

Second. — The Square, as a figure, teaches the regulation of 
our actions by rule and line, and how we should harmonize our 
conduct by the prescriptions of virtue. 

Third. — The Compasses, as a figure, teaches us to limit our 
desires in every station ; thus rising to eminence by merit, we 
live respected and die regretted. 

Fourth. — The Rule or Gauge directs that we should carefully 
measure our duties, press forward in the path of morality, an& 
not swerve from the dictates of conscience. 

Fifth. — The Line teaches the criteria of moral rectitude, that 
we should avoid dissimulation in conversation and action, and 
seek the path that leads to immortality. 

Sixth. — I present you with the Gavel, an instrument with 
ch I presume you a^ already too well acauainted to need 
illustration 



(When the Master Mason takes this degree in order to pre 
side over a Craft Lodge, he is presented with the u Book oj 
Constitutions" to make known in the lodge ; and, lastly, the 
<€ Bye-Laws" of the Lodge are placed in his hands, which he is 
charged to see carefully and punctually executed.) 

The lodge is then closed, unless the following tecture be in- 
troduced : — 

LECTURE. 

Q. How were you made a Past Master ? 
A. In the character of a Master Mason. 
Q. What procured you admission ? 
A. The knocks and word of a Master Mason. 
Q. In what manner were you then dealt with ? 
A. I was conducted in the usual form to receive the obliga- 
tion. 

Q. In what manner were you placed to receive the obliga- 
tion ? 

A. Upon both my knees, my hands upon the Holy Bible, 
square, and compasses. 

Q. What was the reason of this peculiar position? 
A. As my hands had been instrumental in duly executing 
the noblest parts of operative masonry, placing them on the 
Holy Bible, strongly figured to my mind that God's word 
was to be the standard of every operation in my future life, 
that I might thereby arrive at the summit of masonry, by 
passing through the speculative degree of this mortal life, to 
that glorious and celestial lodge, where the grand pass- 
word of the Almighty Architect will procure us admission, 
and with whom, peace, order, and harmony will eternally 
reign. 

Q. Can you repeat the obligation ; 
A. Yes. (See obligation.) 
Q. How did you confirm it? 
A. With my lips four times on the Holy Bibfe. 
Q. In what manner were you raised? 
A. By the grip of a Past Master. 

Q. Will you advance and give it to me with the signs. (Thi% 
is done.) 

Q. In what manner did you enter the lodge of a P 
Master ? 



A.. Upon four points of geometry, formed by the square ana 
compasses united ; and the letter G in the centre. 

Q. Why were you initiated in this manner ? 

A. Because the compasses are the principal instrument 
belonging to the Master Mason ; and the two points elevated 
above the points of the square denoted, that I had arrived at 
the summit of operative masonry. The letter G in the centre 
was the proper passport, that being the initial of the pass- 
word of this degree, signifying a Mason that is master of his 
profession. 

Q. Can you communicate the chief word and its significa- 
tion? 

A. Giblum or Chibbelum. It means a workman who is 
master of his profession ; but more especially alluding to the 
excellency of his sculpture, in the stone-work of Solomon's 
Temple. 

Q. Where were you placed after your obligation ? 

A. After circumscribing the lodge bv the Right Wor- 
shipful Master's command, from east to we?t. I w r as placed in 
the chair as a Past Master, to prove to all tne brothers then 
present, that I was eligible to act in future, to superintend this 
order, 

Q. What was next said to you f 

A. I was presented, First, with the Holy Writings : Second, 
the Square : Third, the Compasses : Fourth, the Rule or 
Gauge: Fifth, the Line : Sixth, the Gavel: Lastly, the Book 
of Constitutions and the Bye- Laws ; on all of which I was 
admonished. 

Q. Can y3u repeat the admonition on the Holy Writings? 

A. I was admonished that they were records of Masonic 
Light, and would guide me to all truth ; that I may learn from 
them how to form my own body into a temple of happiness, by 
reducing to practice the whole duty of man. 

Q. Can you repeat the admonition delivered with the 
Square ? 

A. That the Square was a figure which taught the regulation 
of our actions by rule and line, and how we should harmonize 
our conduct by the prescriptions of virtue. 

Q. Will you give the admonition on the Compasses? 
A. The Compasses, as a figure, teach us to limit our desires 
in every station, thus rising to eminence by merit, we live re- 
spected and die regretted. 



Q. What was said of the Rule or Gauge ? 

A. The Rule or Gcuge directs that we should carefully mea- 
sure our duties, press forward in the path of morality, and not 
swerve from the dictates of conscience. 

Q. Was anything said of the Line? 

A. The Line teaches the criterion of moral rectitude, that 
we should avoid dissimulation in conversation and action , and 
seek *hp path that leads to immorality. 



A DESCIUPriON 

oy 

ROYAL ARCH MASONRY. 



The Masons of this degree are called Companions, and whea 
assembled a Chapter. They are so arranged, as to form the 
figure of an arch. There are nine officers. Zerubbabel, as 
Prince ; Haggai, as Prophet ; Jeshua, as High Priest ; the 
three principal officers, or High Chiefs, form the key-stones of 
the arch. Principal, Senior, and Junior Sojourners form the 
basis. Ezra and Nehemiah, Senior and Junior Scribes, one 
on each side ; Janitor or Tyler without the door. The Com- 
panions assembled make up the sides of the arch, representing 
Jachin and Boaz, the pillars of 'Solomon's Temple. In the 
front of the Principals stands an altar, on which are the initials 
of the names of Solomon, King of Israel ; Hiram, King of 
Tyre, and Hiram AbifF. When convenient, an organ should be 
in the Chapter Rooms. A Chapter is considered a type of the 
Sanhedrim of the Jews 

TO OPEN A CHAPTER, 

The principal officers having robed, and taken their sosotres, 
all take their stations in the Arch. 

Zerubbabel, as Prince, thus addresses them : — 

Companions assist me to open the chapter. Compani :>n Ju- 
nior Sojourner, what is the chief and constant care of everj 
Royal Arch Mason ? 

J. S. To prove the chapter properly tiled. 

Z. See that duty done. 

( The Junior Sojourner gives one knock on the door, which is 
answered from without by the Janitor, and then says) — -Most 
Excellent, the chapter is properly tiled. 

Z. Companion Junior Sojourner, your duty in trie chap 
ter? 

J. S. To guard the First Veil, and to allow none to enter but 



those who are in possession of all pass-words, signs, and tokens 
thereunto belonging ; and not then without nrst acquainting the 
Senior Sojourner. 

Z. Companion Senior Sojourner, your duty in the chap- 
ter 

S. S. To guard the Second Veil, and to allow none to enter 
but those who are in possession of all passwords, signs, and 
tokens thereunto belonging ; and not then without first acquaint- 
ing the Principal Sojourner. 

Z. Companion Principal Sojourner, your duty in the chap- 
ter? 

P. S. To guard the Third Veil, and to allow none to enter 
but those who are in possession of all pass-words, signs, and 
tokens thereunto belonging ; and not then without first acquaint- 
ing the principals. 

Z. Companion Ezra, your duty in the chapter? 

E. To register all records, Acts, laws, and transactions, for 
the general good of the chapter. 

Z. Companion Nehemiah, your duty in the chapter ? 

N. To aid and assist Companion Ezra in his duty, and to 
introduce all candidates for exaltation. 

Z. Companion Jeshna, your duty in the chapter? 

J. To aid and assist in carrying on the Lord's works. 

Z. Companion Haggai, your duty in the chapter ? 

J. To aid and assist in completing the Lord's works. 

Z. Companions, let us pray : — O God, thou Great and 
Grand Architect of the Universe, Grand Prince, causer of all 
existence, at thy word the pillars of the sky were raised, and 
its beauteous arches formed. Thy breath kindled the stars, 
adorned the moon with silver rays, and gave the sun its 
resplendent lustre. We are assembled in thy great name to 
acknowledge thy power, thy wisdom, and thy goodness., and 
to implore thy blessing. We pray thee, O Gracious God, to 
bless us in our undertaking through life for this great end. 
Endue us with a competence of thy most holy spirit, that wa 
may be enabled to trace thee out in all thy wonderful works, 
as far as it "is agreeable to thy divine will, that thy praises 
may resound with the fervent love of thy creatures from 
pole to pole ; and rebound from the vaulted canopy of the 
heavens, through universal nature. Grant this, O God, 
Amen. 



8 

Z. In the beginning was the word. 
H. And the word was with God. 
J. And the word was god. 

2. Companions, Principals, what are the great attributes of 
these mysterious words ? 
H. Omniscience. 
J. Omnipotence. 

Z, Omnipresence. To the all-wise, all-powerful, and all- 
present Being, around whose throne may we hereafter en^ 
circle. 

Z. Most excellent Haggai, from whence came you ? 
H. From Babylon. 

Z. Most excellent Jeshua, where are you going? 
J. To Jerusalem. 

Z. Most excellent chiefs, why leave you Babylon to go to 
Jerusalem ? 

H. To assist in rebuilding the second temple, and to endea- 
vour to obtain the sacred word. 

Z. Let us ceiebrate this grand design (which is done as 
follows) : — 

The three principals and each three companions form the 
triangles, and eacn of the ihree takes his lett-hand companion 
by the right-hand wrist, and his right-hand companion by the 
left-hand wrist forming two distinct triangles with the hands, 
and a triangle with their right feet, amounting to a triple triangle, 
and then pronounce the following words, each taking a line in 
turn : — 

As we three did agree, 

In peace, love, and unity, 

The sacred word to keep ; 

So we three do agree, 

In peace, love, and unity, 

The sacred word to search ; 

Until we three, 

Or three such as we, shall agree, 

This Royal Arch Chapter to close. 

The right hands, still joined as a triangle, are raised as high 
as possible, and the word JAO-BUL-ON, given at low breath 
in syllables in the following order, so that each companion has 
to pronounce the whole word :— 



1st 2nd- 


3rd. 


Jao - - Bui 


- - On 


— - - Jao 


- - BuJ 


On - - — 


- • Jao 


Bui - - On 


- - — 



Z. Companions, is the word correct? 

On each set replying in the affirmative, Z. gives five knocks, 
and declares the chapter duly opened. The J. S. gives the 
five knocks on the door, and is answered from without by the 
five knocks from the Janitor. The companions then take their 
seats. 

Z. Companion Ezra, you will read the minutes of the last 
chapter. 

{This being done, Z. inquires if any companion has anything ta 
propose.) If there be no candidate for exaltation, the following 
charge, or lecture, or both, are delivered : — 

THE CHARGE. 

Companions, the masonic system exhibits a stupendous and 
beautiful fabric, founded on universal wisdom, unfolding its 
gates to receive, without prejudice or discrimination, the wor- 
thy professors of every description of genuine religion or 
knowledge ; concentrating as it were into one body their just 
tenets, unincumbered with the disputable peculiarities of any 
sect or persuasion. This system originated in the earliest of 
ages, and among the wisest of men. But it is to be lamented, 
that to the desponding suggestions of some of the weaker minds 
among our own fraternity, the prejudices of the world against 
our invaluable institution are in a great measure imputable. 
Unable to comprehend the beautiful allegories of ancient wis- 
dom, they ignorantly assert that the rites of masonry are futile , 
its doctrines inefficient. To this assertion, indeed, they give, 
by their own misconduct, a semblance of truth, as we fail to 
discern that they are made wiser or better men by their admis- 
sion to our mysteries. 

Companions, I need not tell you, that nature alone can pro- 
vide us with the ground of wisdom ; but masonry will teach 
and enable us to cultivate the sort, and to foster and strengthen 
the plant in its growth. Therefore, to dispel the clouds of ig- 
norance, so inauspicious to the nobie purposes of our order 



10 

and to hold forth a moral whereby we may see the power -and 
greatness of the all-wise Disposer of events, the Royal. Arch 
Degree gives us an ample field for discussion, by which we are 
shown, in the sad experience of the once favourite people of 
God, a lesson, how to conduct ourselves in every situation of 
r&ur existence ; and that when fortune, affluence, sickness, or 
adversity attend us, we ought never to lose sight of the source 
from whence it came, always remembering that the power 
which gave is also a power to take away. Having in itself this 
grand moral, which ought to be cultivated by every man among 
us — ' to do unto others as we would wish to be done by :' and 
it is the ultimatum of all terrestrial happiness, imitating in itself 
every virtue man can possess. May we, as companions, so 
study virtue, as to hand down to posterity a name unspotted bv 
vice, and worthy of imitation. 

TO CLOSE A CHAPTER. 

Z. {Knocks to order, and says): Companion Junior So- 
journer, the constant care of a Royal Arcn Mason ? 

J. S. To prove the chapter tiled 

Z. Let that duty be done. 

{The J. S. gives the Jive knocks, which are answered from 
without by five from the Janitor.) 

J. S. {With the penal sign.) Most Excellent, the chapter is 
close tiled. 

Z. {Gives the five knocks and says) : Companions, assist me 
to close this Royal Arch Chapter 

The chiefs, sojourners, and companions form into threes, join 
hands and feet, give the word, as at opening, and'pronounce as 
follows : — 

As we three did agree, 

In peace, love, and unity, 

The sacred word to keep ; 

So we three do agree, 

In peace, love, and unity, 

The sacred word to keep ; 

Until we three, 

Or three such as we, shall agree* 

Tins Royal Arch Chapter to open. 



n 

Zerubbabel, Junior Sojourner, and Janitor, give the five 
knocks, and the Prince declares the chapter closed. 

Some chapters close in this short way : — The companions, 
scribes, and sojourners stand round the floor-cloth, exhibiting 
the^, penal sign. The three principals form a triangle, each 
holding to the Bible. They salute the book, and pass it round 
for each person present to do the same. Then they form the 
grand triangle, and say : — We three do agree, this Royal Arch 
Chapter to close, and, in love and unity, the sacred word of a 
Royal Arch Mason. tto keep, and not to reveal it to any one in 
the world/unless it be, when three, such as we, do meet and 
agree, a Royal Arch Chapter to open. 

THE EXALTATION. 

The candidate for exaltation having been ballotted for and 
approved, is conducted by the Junior Scribe to the door. Four 
knocks are given by the Janitor. 

The Junior Sojourner, within, says : Most Excellent Zerub- 
babel, a report {making the penal sign.) 

Z. See who wants admission. 

J. S. {Opening the door.) Who comes there ? 

Brother N , who has duly and truly served his Ume as 

an Entered Apprentice, passed the degree of a Fellow-Craft, 
and has been, in due time, raised to the sublime degree of a 
Master Mason, upon the five points of fellowship, with the 
respective signs, words, and pass-words thereunto belonging.; 
and, lastly, having been duly elected master of a lodge of 
Master Masons, installed in the chair and intrusted with the 
grip and word, the sign and salutation of a Past Master, now 
presents himself, properly prepared, for admission into this 
chapter, and for exaltation into the sublime degree of Royal 
Arch Masonry. 

J. S. Halt, while I make due report. — {He repeats the ap- 
plication to Zerubbabel.) 

Z. Companions, is it your wish that Brother N be ad- 
mitted ? 

C. It is, most excellent. 

Z. Companion Junior Sojourner, is he in Dossession of re- 
quisite particulars, and properly prepared ? 

J. S. To the best of my knowledge, most excellent. 



12 

Z. Let the candidate be admitted in due form. (The form 
is to pass the candidate under an arch made by the companions 
holding their rods so as to resemble a Gothic arch. He, is 

placed in the west.) Brother N , we understand that you 

seek preferment in our order ; but, before you can be admitted, 
we must first ascertain whether you voluntarily offer yourself for 
the mysteries of this exalted degree ? 

Br.N. I do. 

Z. We must also further ascertain, whether you are pro*, 
perly qualified to receive the mysteries of this exalted 
degree. 

The High Priest Jeshua advances, orders him to kneel, and 
thus prays : — 

Almighty God, who art the sole Architect of the Universe, at 
whose command the world burst forth from chaos, and all cre- 
ated matter had its birth, look down, we pray thee, at this time, 
in a more peculiar manner, on this thy servant, and henceforth 
crown him with every blessing from thine inexhaustible store. 
But, above all, give him grace to consider well his present un- 
dertaking, that he may neither proceed therein lightly, nor 
recede from it dishonourably ; but pursue it steadily, ever 
remembering the intention, which is the acquisition of true wis- 
dom and understanding, by searching out thy great and glorious 
works, for promoting thy honour and glory, for the benefit of 
the whole creation and his own eternal welfare. So mote it 
be. 

Brother N is then led to the altar, where the Prophet 

Haggai receives him, exhorts him on the solemn nature of his 
situation, and apprises him that he now stands before a repre.* 
sentation of the Grand Sanhedrim, or famous court of Judica- 
ture among the ancient Jews. 

The High Priest here reads the second chapter of the book of 
Proverbs : — 

" My son, if thou wilt receive my words, and hioe my com- 
mandments with thee ; so that thou incline thine ear unto wis- 
dom, and apply thine heart to understanding ; yea, if thou 
criest after knowledge, and liftest up thy voice for understand- 
ing ; if thou seekest her as silver, and searchest for her as for 
hid treasures ; then shait thou understand the fear of the Lord, 
and find the knowledge of God. For the Lord giveth wisdom : 
out of his mouth cometh knowledge and understanding. He 



13 

lay em up sound wisdom ior the righteous : he is a buckler to 
them that walk uprightly. He keepeth the paths of judgment, 
and preserveth the way of his saints. Then . shalt thou under- 
stand righteousness, and judgment, and equity ; yea, every 
good path. When wisdom entereth into thine heart, and 
knowledge is pleasant unto thy soul, discretion shall preserve 
thee, understanding shall keep thee : to deliver thee from the 
way of the evil man % from the man that speaketh froward 
things ; who leave the path' of uprightness, to walk in the ways 
of darkness ; who rejoice to do evil, and delight in the fro- 
wardness of the wicked ; whose ways are crooked, and they 
froward in their paths : to deliver thee from the strange woman, 
even from the stranger which flattereth with her words ; which 
forsaketh the guide of her youth, and forgetteth the covenant 
of her God. For her house inclineth unto death, and her 
paths unto the dead. None that go unto her return again, nei- 
ther take they hold of the paths of life That thou mayest walk 
in the way of good men, and keep the paths of the righteous. 
For the upright shall dwell in the land, and the perfect shall 
remain in it. But the wicked shall be cut off from the earth, 
and the transgressors shall be rooted out of it." 

O&CIGATION 

Zerub babel then administers the obligation. 

" I, A. B., cf my own free will and accord, in the presence 
of the Grand Architect of the Universe, and this Chapter of 
Royal Arch Masons, do hereby and hereon most solemnly 
and sincerely promise and swear, in addition to my former ob- 
ligations, that I will not reveal the secrets of this degree to any 
of an inferior degree, or to any one except he be a true and 
lawful Companion Royal Arch Mason, or within the body of a 
just and legally constituted chapter, under the penalty of 
having the crown of my skull struck off, in addition to all my 
former penalties. So help me God, and keep me firm in this 
my obligation of a Royal Arch Companion.' 7 (Kisses the 
.Bible Jive ti?nes.) 

Z. In whom do you put your trust ? 

Br. N. In Jehovah. 

Zerubbabel makes the following exhortation : — In the name 
of that Omnipotent Being, arise, and may the remembrance of 



14 

the sprig of cassia, which was round on the grave of him, who 
was truly the most excellent of Masons, and who parted with 
his life, because he would not part with his honour, ever sti- 
mulate his successors to imitate his glorious example ; that the 
essence of virtue may enshrine our moral laws, and, like the 
beautiful rose of Sharon, in conjunction with the lily of the 
valley, exalt our intellectual part. When death, the grand le- 
veller of all human greatness, hath drawn his sable curtain 
round us, and when the last arrow of our mortal enemy hath 
been dispatched, and the bow of this mighty conqueror broken 
by the iron arm of time, when the angel of the Lord declares 
that time shall be no more, and when, by this victory, God 
hath subdued all things to himself, then shall we receive the 
reward of our virtue, by acquiring the possession of an immor- 
tal inheritance in those heavenly mansions veiled from mortal 
eye, where every secret of masonry will be opened, never to be 
closed. Then shall the great Jehovah, the Grand Master of 
the whole Universe, bid us enter into his celestial lodge, where 
peace, order, and harmony shall eternally reign. (The candi- 
date is directed to retire.) 



CEREMONY OF PASSING THE VEILS. 

The following ceremony, called c Passing the Veils/ is dls 
pensed with in some chapters ; but as it is an original part, it 
is introduced to make this work complete. 

The condidate is prepared with a blindfold, his knees are 
bared, and his feet slipshod, with a cable-tow round his waist. 
The three sojourners act as the guardians of the three veils. 
The Junior Scribe is the conductor of the candidate, and gives 
four knocks at the door of the First Veil, which is opened, and 
the candidate admitted by giving the Past Master's word, 
Giblum, and the sign. He is conducted round that part of the 
room, while the High Priest reads the third chapter of Exodus 
verses 1 to 6 : — 

" Now Moses kept the flock of Jethro, his father-in-law, the 
priest of Midian ; and he led the flock to the back side of the 
desert, and came to the mountain of God, even to Horeb , 



\5 

And the angel of tae Lord appeared unto him in a flame or 
jire, out of the midst of the bush ; and he looked, and, behoiOj 
the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. 
( The bandage is taken from the candidate's eyes, and he sees a 
bush on fire.) And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see 
this great sight, why the bush is not burnt. And when the 
Lord saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out 
©f the midst of the bush, and said, — Moses, Moses. And he 
said, Here am I. And he said, Draw not nigh hither : put off 
thy shoes from off thy feet (the candidate here has his shoes 
slipped off), for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground. 
Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of 
Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And 
Moses hid his face ; for he was afraid to look upon God." 

The High Priest Jeshua then reads the 13th and 14th verses 
of the same chapter : — 

" And Moses said unto God, Behold, when I come unto the 
children of Israel, and shall say unto them, The God of your 
fathers hath sent me unto you ; and they shall say to me, 
What is his name ? what shall I say unto them ? And God 
said unto Moses, I am that I am. And he said, Thus shalt 
thou say unto the children of Israel, I am hath sent me unto 
you." 

The candidate is here informed, that I am that I am is one 
of the words of the Royal Arch Degree, or the Pass-word from 
the First to the Second Veil. 

This constitutes the passing of the First Veil. The candi 
date is then led to the Second Veil, and challenged by the 
Guard, who demands the Pass-word, which is given by the 
candidate : — I am that I am. He enters the Second Veil, 
wherein is placed the figure of a Serpent and of Aaron's Rod. 
Jeshua reads the first five verses of the fourth chapter of the 
Book of Exodus : — 

" And Moses answered and said, But, behold, they will no 
believe me, nor hearken unto my voice ; for they will say, The 
Lord hath not appeared unto thee. And the Lord said unto 
him, What is that in thine hand ? And he said, A rod. And 
he said, Cast it on the ground. And he cast it on the ground, 
and it became a serpent ; and Moses fled from before it. And 
the Lord said unto Moses, Put forth thine hand, and take it by 
the tail. And he put forth his hand, and caught it, and it b«" 



16 

came a rod in his hand : that they may oelieve that the Lord 
God of their fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, 
and the God of Jacob, appeared unto thee. M 

The candidate is told to pick up the rod cast down before 
him ; that the act is the sign of the Second Veil, and that the 
Pass-words are Moses, Aaron, and Eleazer. With these words, 
he passes the Guard of the Third Veil. Jeshua reads from the 
6th to the 9th verses of the fourth chapter of Exodus : — 

" And the Lord said furthermore unto him, Put now tmne 
hand into thy bosom. And he put his hand into his bosom ; 
and when he took it out, behold, his hand was leprous as snow. 
And he said, Put thine hand into thy bosom again. And he 
put his hand into his bosom again ; and plucked it out of hi* 
bosom, and behold, it was turned again as his other flesh. 
And it shall come to pass, if they will not believe thee, neither 
hearken to the voice of the first sign, that they will believe the 
voice of the latter sign. And it shall come to pass, if they will 
not believe also these two signs, neither hearken unto thy voice, 
that thou shalt take of the water of the river, and pour it upon 
the dry land : and the water -which thou takest out of the river 
shall become blood upon the dry land/ 7 

The candidate is told that the signs of the leprous hand and 
the pouring out of the water are the signs of the Third Veil, 
and that Holiness to the Lord are the pass- words to the 
Sanctum Sanctorum. He is shown the ark of the covenant, 
containing the tables of stone, the pot of manna, also the table 
of shew-bread, the burning incense, and the candlestick with 
seven branches. After which, he is withdrawn to enter as a 
Sojourner. 

RE-ENTRY OF TEE CANDIDATE. 

( The Jive knocks are given at the door.) 

J. S. Who comes there? 

N. Three Sojourners from Babylon, who wish to oner their 
services to the Sanhedrim sitting in council, to assist in the re- 
building of the Temple. 

J. S. Wait, while I report to the Most Excellent Principals. 
Most Excellent, — Three Sojourners crave admission to offer 
their services for the rebuilding of the Temple. 

Z. Let them be admitted. (They are accordingly admitted.^ 
Sojourners, what is your request ? 



S First, we beg leave, Most Excellent, to sojourn among 
you ; and having heard that you are about to rebuild the Temple 
of the Lord, we beg your acceptance of our best services in 
promoting that glorious work. 

Z. We greatly commend your conduct, and should be glad 
to know who you are. 

S. We are of your own kindred and people, sprung from 
your tribes and branches, and from the same original stock, 
■equally with you, descendants of our forefathers Abraham, 
Isaac, and Jacob. But we have been under the displeasure of 
Almighty God, through the offences committed by our an- 
cestors, who deviated from the true Masonic principles and 
laws, and not only committed numberless errors, but ran into 
every kind of wickedness ; so that the Almighty, being dis- 
pleased, gave his judgment against them, by the mouth of 
Jeremiah and other prophets, by whom he declared, that the 
fruitfulness of the Lord should be spoiled — their city become 
desolate and an abomination, and that they should feel the 
weight of his wrath for seventy years. This actually began to 
be fulfilled in the fourth year of the reign of Jehoiakin — A. L 
3398. 

Z. Our knowledge of the facts, and the candour with which 
you have related them, leave no doubt of your sincerity ; 
but we beg to be informed who were your immediate an- 
cestors. 

S. We are not of the lineage of that race of traitors, who 
fell away during the siege and went over to the enemy, when 
liberty and kindred had most need of their assistance ; nor of 
the lower class of the people left behind by Nebuzaradan, the 
chief of Nebuchadnezzar's officers, to cultivate the vineyards 
and for other servile purposes ; but the offspring of those 
princes and nobles carried into captivity with Zedekiah. The 
seventy years of captivity being expired, and the anger of the 
Lord appeased, he hath stirred rp the heart of Cyrus, King of 
Persia and Babylon, who hath issued his proclamation, say- 
ing — u Who is there of the Lord's people, his God be with 
him, and let him go up to Jerusalem which is in Judea, and 
build him a house to the Lord God of Israel ; for he is the 
only true and living God." We, therefore, have taken the 
advantage of this proclamation, and have returned foi that 
purpose. 

p. ii. 10 



18 

Z. Sojourners, how have you been employed during youf 
captivity in Babylon ? 

S. In Masonry, Most Excellent. 

Z. What do you mean by Masonry ? 

S. That grand and universal science which includes all 
others ; but more especially that which teaches the Knowledge 
of ourselves, and the duties incumbent on us as men and 
Masons. 

Z. In what labour do you wish to engage ? 

S. We deem the lowest situation in the Lord's house an 
honour ; therefore, we only beg employ. 

Z. Your humility bespe.aks your merit, and we doubt not 
but you are qualified for some superior office. Those being: 
Full, you will be furnished with tools for the purpose, and wi\ 
For the present, shall appoint you to go and prepare for the 
foundation of the Second Temple. But let me lay this injunc- 
tion upon you — that should you meet with anything belonging 
to the First Temple, you will communicate no part thereof to 
any one, until you have faithfully made your report to the 
Sanhedrim here sitting in chapter. Go, and may the God of 
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, be with you and prosper you. 

The Sojourners retire, and are* furnished with a pickaxe,, 
shovel, and crow-bar, of the ordinary size, generally made of 
wood, and kept for that purpose. After a short' time, they re- 
turn, give the knocks, and enter as before. During their ab- 
sence, they are supposed to have been at work, and to have 
made a discovery, of which they .come to make a report. 
After being duly reported and admitted, they are thus ad- 
dressed : — 

Z, Sojourners, we are informed that you have made a dis- 
covery. 

S. We have, Most Excellent; for being at our work earfy 
this morning, our companion broke up the ground with his 
pickaxe ; and we, judging from the sound thereof that it was 
hallow, called upon our companion with his shovel to clear 
away the loose earth, and discovered the perfect crown of an 
arch. With my crow-bar I removed the key-stone. Our 
curiosity was excited to know what it contained ; but being 
afraid of danger, we cast lots who should first go down, which lot, 
Most Excellent, fell upon me. We also agreed upon proper 
security against danger. I was then let down with a cable-tow 



19 

round my waist, and another at each hand. Having arrived at 
the bottom without impediment, I gave the signal for my free- 
dom, and in searching the arch, found this scroll. From the 
want of light, I could not discern its contents ; for the sun had 
but just come to the portico of the eastern door, and darting its 
beams parallel to the plane of the horizon, I could n<n discover 
what it contained. I, therefore, gave the agreed signal, and 
was drawn up We have, as in duty bound, thus come to 
maKe our report. 

Z. The discovery you have made is of the greatest import- 
ance. It is no less than the long-lost book of the holy law. 
You now see that the world is indebted to Masonry for the pre- 
servation of this sacred volume. Had it not been for the Ma- 
sonic wisdom and precaution of our Grand Master, this, the 
only remaining copy of the law, would have been lost at the 
destruction of the Temple. We cannot too much praise you 
for your fidelity and promptness in this discovery and report ; 
and you will now return and make further search, observing, as 
before, the same precaution. 

( The Sojourners retire ; after a xohile return, and are admitted 
as before, to report further discoveries, as follows: — ) 

Z. Sojourners, we are informed that you have made another 
discovery. 

S. We have, Most Excellent; for, on recommencing our 
labour, we found a second crown of an arch, and with difficulty 
removed the key-stone. On descending the arch, nothing of 
consequence Was found ; but judging from the sound thereof 
that it was hollow beneath, our curiosity was excited for a fur- 
thei search. We discovered a key-stone of a third arch ; on 
removing it, the sun, having now gained its meridian height, 
darted its rays to the centre. It shone resplendent on a white 
marble pedestal, whereon was a plate of gold. On this plate 
was engraved a triple triangle, and within the triangles some 
characters which are beyond our comprehension ; therefore, 
we have, as in duty bound, brought it, and. made our second 
report. 

Z. Pray, Sojourners, give us that which you have found, and 
explain the characters. 

S. That, Most Excellent, we should be glad to do ; but must 
confess our ignorance, like wise men. We should deem it too 
great a presumption in us to attempt it. 



■ 



2Q 

Z. Sojourners, — -These three mysterious words, in a triangular 
fhnn, is the long-lost sacred word of the master Mason, and is 
too incomprehensible for individual expression ; but in reward 
for your industry and zeal, you will now be put in possession 
of a full explanation of this the Grand Omnijic Royal Arch 
Word. {This is communicated to the candidate in due form, for 
which see page 7.) 

Z. In drawing forth the third key-stone, you have obtained 
the Grand Omnific word, the prayer being the iirst, and the 
obligation the emblem of the second key-stone, as moral simili- 
tudes of material things. I have now to make you acquainted 
with the following five original Royal Arch Signs : — 

The first is the Penal Sign, which is given by circling the fore- 
head with the thumb and forefinger of the right hand, alluding 
to "the penalty of the obligation ; and also in allusion to the 
Sojourner's guarding his eyes from the intensity of the sun's 
rays, when the perpendicular reflection shone so brilliantly on 
the gold plate, which was found on the pedestal at the with- 
drawing of the third key-stone of the secret arch, and which 
contained the Grand Omnific word ; and further, in allusion to 
the fall of man. 

The second is the Reverential Sign, or Sign of Sorrow, which 
is given by laying the right hand on the forehead for support, 
and the left at the heart in a bowing humble attitude. It repre- 
sents the attitude in which our first parents met Jehovah in the 
garden of Eden after their transgression. 

The third is the Penitential, or Supplicatory Sign, which is 
given with the hands raised in the attitude of prayer, and the 
knees slightly bent, in allusion to the expulsion of our first 
parents from the garden of Eden. 

The fourth is the Monitorial Sign, or Sign of Suffering, which 
is given by placing the right hand on the heart, and supporting 
an inclination of the head with the left, in allusion to the pain 
that arose from toil in having to till the land. 

The fifth is the Fiducial Sign, or the sign of Faith and Hope, 
which is given by raising the hands above the head, in allusion 
%3 the prospect of redemption from the fall. 

I have now to invest you with the badges of a Royal Arch 
Mason, the apron, sash, and jewel. They are badges of honour 
and of our order. The apron and sash are of mixed colours, 
purple radiated with crimson. The purple implies awe and 



21 

rr#jrence, and the crimson in rays signifies justice tempered 
with mercy. 

' l ibe character on the apron is designated the Triple Tau,, one 
ot cCit most ancient of emblems ; and as Masonry is the science 
of sciences, so this emblem may be styled the emblem of aN 
emblems, for it is the grand emblem of Royal Arch Masonry; 
and its depth of meaning reaches to the creation of the world, and 
all that is therein. 

The jewel is a double triangle within a circle of gold. The 
intersecting triangles denote the elements of fire and water. 
The sun in the centre with its diverging rays is an emblem of 
the Deity. The encircling ring is an emblem of eternity and 
infinity, whose centre is everywhere and circumference no where, 
denoting omnipresence and perfection. 

I have now to congratulate you on your exaltation. You will 
now take your station in the chapter, and when a lecture is de- 
livered, the mysteries into which you have been initiated will 
be further explained. 



LECTURE. 

rIKST SECTION 

Q. Are you a Royal Arch Mason? 

A. I am. 

Q. How shall I know you to be such ? 

A. By the Royal Arch sign. . 

Q. Can you give me that sign ? 

A. I can. (He gives it.) 

Q. Where did you learn that sign ? 

A. In a Royal Arch Chapter, 

Q. Who were present ? 

A. The three principals, Zerubbabel the Prince of the People, 
Haggai the Prophet, and Jeshua the High Priest, with the resx 
of the companions, men chosen for virtue and moral rectitude, 
the better to enable them to superintend the carrying on of the 
works of the Second Temple. 

Q. How did you gain admittance? 

A. By having been initiated into the first degree of Masonry, 
as an Entered Apprentice, passed to the Degree of a, Fellow 



22 

Craft, raised to the sublime Degree of a Master Masoa, 
by being in possession of a Past Master's word and signs. 

Q. Do you recollect the Past Master's word ? 

A. I do. 

Q. Will you give it to me ? 

A. Giblum, or, in some chapters, Chibbelum. 

Q. What does that word denote? 

A. An excellent Mason. 

Q. When admitted, how were you placed? 

A. On both knees, to receive the benefit of a prayer. 

Q. How were you then disposed of? 

A. I was led to The altar, where the Prophet Kaggai re* 
ceived me, and gave me an exhortation. 

Q. Can you give me the substance of it ? 

A. I can : — That as I was about to undertake a solemn and u 
glorious work, in entering into an obligation before the Grand 
Sanhedrim, it was essential that sincerity and truth should ac - 
company all the future undertakings of my life. 

Q. Did you enter into that obligation ? 

A. I did, after the High Priest had read a portion of Scrip- 
ture. (Proverbs, chap. 2.) 

Q. Can you repeat the obligation ? 

A. I can. (See the exaltation.) 

Q. What was then required of you ? 

A. In whom did I put my trust. 

Q..Your answer ? 

A. In Jehovah. 

Q. Why were you obligated ? 

A. To teach me to avoid the offences committed by our an- 
cestors, who, deviating from true Masonic principles and laws, 
brought on themselves and their posterity that heavy burthen, 
and on their city and temple that ruin and desolation, whereby 
the holy word was so long lost, and afterwards so miraculously 
discovered. 

Q. What was the next said to you ? 

A. I was ordered to arise in the name of that Omnipotent 
3eing . and the Principal, Zerubbabel, delivered the fol owing 
exordium. (See page 9.) 

H. How were you next disposed of? 

A.. I was desired to retire, to be further prepared. 



SECOND SECTION. 

Q. How were you prepared to pass the veils ? 

A. I was blindfolded, both knees bare, both feet sSp-jhod, 
ard a cable-tow round my waist. 

Q. How did you' gain admission to the first veil ? 

A. By four knocks, the Past Master's word and signs. 

Q, Why were your feet slip-shod ? 

A. In allusion to the condition of Moses, before the buiii- 
mg bush in the wilderness, who was told to put his shoes 
from off his feet, for the place whereon he stood was holy 
ground. 

Q. Why were your knees bare ? 

A. That I might offer up my prayers to the Great Jehovah, 
in the most humble manner to thank him for mercies received, 
crave pardon for past offences, and implore nis aid and protec- 
tion in my future conduct. 

Q. Why was the cable-tow used? 

A. In commemoration of a singular benefit derived from it 
by the Sojourners, in preparing the foundation of the Second 
Temple 

Q. After entering the first veil, what happened to you ? 

A. I w r as led round, an \ desired to be attentive to a portion 
of Scripture (Exodus, chapter 2, verses 1 to 6,) and when I 
halted, the bandage was removed from my eyes. 

Q. What was then presented to your notice? 

A. The Burning Bush. I was also intrusted with the 
pass words. 

Q. Have you remembered those pass words ? 

A. I have. 

Q. Will you give them to me? 

A. I AM THAT I AM ! " 

Q. How did you pass the guard of the second veil ? 

A. By the benefits of the pass-words I have just given. 

Q. On entering the second veil, what was presented to your 
notice, and how were you disposed of? 

A. The figure of the serpent and Aaron's rod were pointed 
out to me, and I was desired to be attentive to a portion of 
Scripture (Exodus, chap. 4, verses 1 to 5), and was taught the 
sign and pass words. 

Q. What j the sign ? 



A. Picking up Aaron's rod, in allusion to the serpent. 

Q. Have you got the pass-words ? 

A. I have. 

Q. Will you give them to me ? 

A. MOSES, AARON, ELEAZER. 

Q. What gained you admission to the third veil ? 

A. The sign and pass-words with which I was intrusted in 
the second veil. 

Q. On passing the third veil, what was said to you ? 

A. I was again desired to be attentive to a portion of Scrip- 
ture, which was read to me (Exodus, chap. 4, verses 6 to 9), 
and taught the signs and pass-words to the sanctum sanctorum. 

Q. Can you give me those signs and pass-words? 

A. I can. (He gives the sign as at vage 16, and the pass- 
words.) HOLINESS TO THE LORD. 

Q. To what else was your attention directed in the third 
veil ? 

A. T was shown the ark of the covenant, containing the ta- 
bles of stone and golden pot of manna: also the table of shew 
bread, the burning incense, and candlestick with seven branches. 

Q. Did those signs and pass-words gain you admission to 
the sanctum sanctorum ? 

A. They did. 

Q. flow were you disposed of? 

Q. I was desired to withdraw, to prepare for further in- 
struction. 

THIRD SECTION. 

Q. On your next application how were you accosted ? 

A. The junior sojourner demanded who I was. 

Q. Your answer ? 

A. A sojourner from Babylon, who begs to offer his services 
in rebuilding the temple. 

Q. What was the reply ? 

A. I was desired to wait until reported to the principals $F* 
tmg in Sanhedrim. 

Q. Were you then admitted ? 

A. I was, and my request was demanded by the most escff^ 
lent Zerubbabel. 

Q. What was the nature of your xequest ? 



25 

A. To ?ciourn and assist in rebuilding the temple, 

Q. What attention was paid to your application ? 

A . I was complimented on my offer of service, and had to 
explain of what kindred and lineage I was. 

Q. Your explanation ? 

A. That I was descended from their own kindred and peo- 
ple, sprung from their own tribes and branches, from the same 
original stock, equally with the descendants of our forefathers, 
Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. But that we had been under the 
displeasure of Almighty God, through the offences committed 
by our ancestors, who deviated from true Masonic principles 
and laws, and not only committed numberless errors, but ran 
into every kind of wickedness ; so that the Almighty, displeased, 
gave judgment against them, by the mouth of Jeremiah and 
other prophets, by whom he declared that thefruitfulness of the 
Lord should be spoiled, their city become desolate, and an 
abomination, and that they should feel his wrath for seventy 
years. 

Q. What was the next said to you ? 

A. I was complimented on my candour and sincerity, and 
asked who were my immediate ancestors. To which I replied 
that I was not of the lineage of that race of traitors, who -fell' 
away during the siege of the city, and went over to the enemy, 
when liberty and kindred had most need of their assistance, nor 
of the lower class of the people left behind by Nebuzaradan, the 
chief of Nebuchadnezzar's officers, to cultivate the vineyards, 
and for other servile purposes; but the offspring of those 
princes and nobles carried into captivity with Zedekiahi 

Q. Were you questioned on the occasion of your return ? 

A. I was ; and explained, that the seventy years of captivity 
having expired, and the anger of the Lord appeased, he hath 
stirred up Cyrus, King of Persia and Babylon, to issue his pro- 
clamation that those of the Lord's people who were inclined, 
might go up to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple, for that he. 
Cyrus, had discovered the God of Israel to be the only true 
ana iiving God. 

Q. What further inquiry was made you ? 

A I was asked how I had been employed in Babylon. I 

atiswcned lii Masonry : and to a question as to what it meant,, 

that it was, the grand and universal science, th*it included ail 

9ther sciences ; but more especially the moral one, which 



■ag*SA3* trie knowledge of ourselves and the duties incumbent 
on as, as men and Masons. 

Q. Were you asked in what labour you wished to engage ? 

A. I was, and stated that I deemed the lowest situation in 
the Lord's house an honour, and therefore I only sought 
employ, 

Q. How were you then disposed of? 

A. I was accepted with the injunction, that as all the supe- 
rior offices were filled, I should be furnished with tools to pre- 
pare the foundation of the second temple ; but that if I found 
anything belonging to the first temple, I was not to discover it 
to any one, until I had faithfully made a report to the Sanhe- 
drim in chapter. 

Q. Did you make any discovery? 

A. I did. Being at work with my companions early in the 
morning, breaking up the ground with my pick-axe, and judg- 
ing from the sound thereof that it was hollow, I called upon 
one of them to remove the soil with his shovel, when I disco- 
vered the perfect crown of an arch. Finding that it had no en- 
trance, with my crow-bar I removed the key-stone. Our 
curiosity was excited to know what it contained ; -but afraid of 
danger, we drew lots which should descend*. The lot fell upon 
me. I was let down with a cable-tow round my waist, which 
was held by my two companions, and to whick I held with my 
hands. Having reached the bottom, I found a scroll; but 
from the want of light I could not discern its contents, for the 
sun had but just come to the portico of the eastern door, and 
darted its beams parallel to the plane of the horizon. Remem- 
bering the injunction of the Sanhedrim, I was drawn up by 
signal, and proceeded to make the report. 

Q. What did it prove to be ? 

A. The long-lost book of the law, for the preservation of 
which, Zerubbabel observed, we had been indebted to Ma« 
sonry ; for, if our Grand Masters had not used their Masonic 
wisdom and precaution in the construction of this arch, this, the 
only remaining copy of the law, would have been lost at the 
<j#struction of the temple. 

Q. Was anything further said to you on that occasion ? 

A. I was praised for my fidelity and promptness in the dis- 
covery and report, and ordered to return and make further 
search, observing the same precaution. 



Q. Was there any further discovery ? 

A. There was. On recommencing the search, we found a 
second arch, beneath the first. The key-stone was removed with 
great difficulty. Descending that arch, nothing was found in it ; 
but judging from the sound that it was nollow beneath, we made 
further search, and found the key-stone of a third arch. In re- 
moving it, the sun having gained its meridian height, darted its 
rays to the centre. It shone resplendent on a white marble 
pedestal, whereon was a plate of gold On this plate was 
engraved a triple triangle, and within the triangles some charac- 
ters, of which we immediately proceeded to make report. 
When we made the report, we were asked if we understood 
the characters on the gold plate, to which we replied in the ne- 
gative. 

Q. Were you instructed as to what they meant? 

A. We were. Zerubbabel informed us, that the mysterious 
characters, within the double triangle, were the long-lost w T ord 
of the Master Mason, and too incomprehensible for individual 
expression ; but that, in reward for our industry and zeal, we 
should be put in possession of a full explanation of this, the 
Grand Omnific Word of a Royal Arch Mason. We were fur- 
rier told, that as the drawing of the third key-stone had ob- 
tained us the grand omnific word, it had been so obtained by 
the prayer, which was an emblem of drawing the first, and the 
obligation, which was an emblem of drawing the second key- 
stone, as similitudes of material things. 

Q. Were you then invested ? 

A. I was invested with the sash and apron of a Royal Arch 
Mason : and also intrusted with the various branches of their 
laws and mysteries 

FOURTH SECTION. 

Q. What are you ? 

A. A citizen of the world, a brother to every worthy 
Mason, and a companion for those of our Royal Arch 
Degree. 

Q. Pray, sojourner, who are you ? 

A. Of your own kindred and people, sprung fr.ra k hm noble 
and illustrious race of ancestors whose honours we hope to 
merit, by a steady pursuit of wisdom, truth, and justice. 



23 

Q, From whence came you ? 

A. From the Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Jerusalem. 

Q, Who were present? 

A. Zerubbabel the Prince of the People, Haggai the Prophet, 
and Jeshua the High Priest. 

Q. What do the Principals of the Royal Arch Chapter re- 
present ? 

A. Zerubbabel, Haggai, and Jeshua, represent the three key- 
stones, by which we learn, that, in drawing them forth, the dis- 
covery is complete ; and by the passing of the sojourners through 
each of these offices, the mystical knowledge of our Royal 
Arch Chapter is to be obtained. 

Q, What do the two scribes represent ? 

A. The two scribes, Ezra and Nehemiah, representing the 
two columns or pillars, that supported the entrance of the Arch; 
and thereby, also, is signified, their duty of registering and en- 
tering on our records every act, law, or transaction, for the ge- 
neral good of the chapter. 

Q. What do the three sojourners represent ? 

A. The three sojourners represent xhe three stones, whereon, 
the three Grand Masters kneel to offer up their prayers for the 
success of their work. And hereby we have a lesson, that in. 
every thing we undertake, we ought to offer up our prayers to 
the Almighty for success. 

Q. Why do we, as Royal Arch Masons, sit in this form ? 

A. To represent the Holy Royal Arch ; and hereby, we have 
a lesson to pursue unity and concord ; for as one stone drawn 
from an arch endangers the whole, so may the improper conduct 
of one member endanger the whole chapter, 

Q. Why was the ceremony of drawing the three key-stones 
served ? 

A. To teach us not to rely on our own reasoning^and abilities 
for our conduct through life ; but to draw forth our rules or go- 
vernment from the law and the prophets, and also to commemo- 
rate the discovery of th^e Royal Arch. 

Q. What was this part of their discovery. 

A. The pedestal of perfect white marble, worked in the form 
of a double cube. On the top a plate of gold containing the 
figure of a triple triangle. Within the figure are the mysterious 
characters which the Grand and Royal Chapter informed us 
were the grand omnific word itself. 



29 

Q. Were you mtiasted with the grand word ? 

A. I was. They gave me the grand movement, tau.gsrf' me 
the sign, and intrusted me with the sacred word, whi*xi « tao 
^comprehensible for an individual to express. 

Q. Was that word ever lost ? 

A. It was. 

Q. In what manner ? 

A. By the untimely death of our Grand Master, Hiram 
Abiff, who was slain by a conspiracy of the craft, in o*der to 
extort it from him ; therefore, as the word was incomprehensi- 
ble without three Grand Masters being present, another word 
was substituted in its room, until the Grand Architect of the 
universe caused it to be discovered. 

Q. How was that discovery made ? 

A. By the three sojourners preparing for the foundation of 
the second temple, who made the report thereof to the Royal 
Arch Chapter. As the labourers were clearing away the rub- 
bish, they perceived the crown of an arch. At the time of the 
destruction of the temple, the roof and walls fell in, and re- 
mained full seventy years a heap of rubbish. The arch, being 
unknown to any but the three Grand Masters, was their secret 
and royal council room. It was made and remained proof 
against the destroying flames and fury of the enemy, until the 
discovery was made and its contents known 

Q. At what time did that discovery happen? 

A. The discovery was made in the first year of the reign of 
Cyrus, King of Persia and Babylon, on the return of th^ Jews 
from the Babylonish captivity. The three sojourners discovered 
the pedestal perfect and entire, having withstood the fury of the 
flames and rage of war, being defended by HIM who hath de- 
clared that he would place his word there, never to pass away. 
Hence we may learn, the vanity of all human pursuits against 
Hie arm of Omnipotence. 

FIFTH SECTION. % 

Q. Can you describe the grand pedestal ? 

A. It was on a chequered pavement, to represent the uncer- 
tainty of life and the instability of things terrestrial. It was of 
perfect white marble, cut into the form of the altar of incense, 
being the only true, double cube, and thereby, both in figure 



so 

and colour, the most perfect emblem of innocence and purity. 
On the base of the pedestal is the letter G, which signifies Gib- 
lum, a common name for all Masons who are masters of their 
business. Hereby, we have a lesson of humility and brotherly 
love : for there is no doubt, it was most highly finished, as the 
work of the great Hiram AbirT himself; he would not assume 
the honour, but affix the common name, that every companion 
might be a sharer. On , the front were inscribed the names of 
the three most excellent grand masters. On the top was a plate 
of gold, in which was engraved a triple triangle, and within the 
figure the grand omnific word . 

Q. Can you explain the jewel 

A, On the bottom of the scroll is inscribed the motto : Nil 
nisi lavis deest, — nothing but the key is wanting ; which may be 
taken in its literal sense. Then, the circle is an emblem of eter- 
nity, with the motto : Talia si jungere possis, sit tibi scire satis, 
— if thou canst comprehend these things, thou knowest enough. 
The two intersecting triangles denote the elements of fire and 
water, with a motto, declaring that the wearer is desirous of do- 
ing his duty, and of filling up, with justice, that link in the chain 
of creation, wherein his great Creator had thought proper to 
place him. Within is another triangle, with the sun in its cen- 
tre, its rays issuing forth at every point, an emblem of the Deity, 
represented by a circle, whose centre is every where and circum- 
ference no where, denoting his omnipresence and perfection. 
It is also an emblem of geometry. And here we find the most 
perfect emblem of the science of agriculture : not a partial one 
like the Basilidean, calculated for one particular climate or 
country : but universal, pointed out by a pair of compasses is- 
suing from the centre of the sun, and suspending a globe denot- 
ing tne earth, and thereby representing the influence of , that 
glorious luminary over both the animal and vegetable creation*, 
admonishing us to be careful to perform every operation in itw 
proper season, that we lose not. the fruits of our labour. Under 
these, is the compound character, rn ov the Royal Arch Ma- 
son's badge. pH 

Q. What explanation have you to give of this deeply mys- 
tical character ? 

A. It signifies, in its figurative appearance as T. H.. Tern 
plum Hierosolyma, the Temple of Jerusalem, and is always 
used as the Royal Arch Mason's badge, by which the wearer 



31 

acknowledges himself a servant of the true God, who had 
thereby established his worship, and to whose service that glo- 
rious temple was erected. It also signifies Clavis ad Thesau- 
mm, a key to a treasure ; and Theca ubi res pretiosa deponitur,, 
a place where a precious thing is concealed ; or Res ipsa pre- 
tiosa, the precious thing itself. Hence we have the greatest 
reason to believe, that what was there concealed was the sacred 
name itself. But these are all symbolical definitions of the 
symbol, which is to be simply solved into an emblem of science 
in the human mind, and is the most ancient symbol of that kind, 
the prototype of the cross, and the first object in every religion 
or human system of worship. This is the grand secret of Ma- 
sonry, which passes by symbols, from superstition to science ; 
as ignorance dealing with ancient mysteries and symbols passed 
from science to superstition. 

Q. Explain the five grand original signs. 
A. The first parents of mankind, formed by the Grand Archi- 
tect of the Universe, in the utmost perfection, both of body and 
mind, seated in a paradise of pleasure, bounteously supplied 
with means for the gratification of every appetite, and at full 
libertv for enjoyment, to the end of time itself, with only one 
prohibition by way of contract, whereon should depend their 
immortality, soon became disobedient, and thereby obnoxious 
to sin, misery, and death. To preserve us from which, and a3 
a memento to guard us from the like error, we adopted the 
venal sign 

Scarcely had our first parents transgressed, conscious of their 
crime, and filled with shame and horror, they endeavoured to 
hide themselves from the presence of that Being, in whom be- 
fore had been their chief delight ; but hearing the summons of 
his awful voice, and unable to bear the splendour of his appear- 
ance, in a humble bending posture, they approached with awe 
and palpitation of heart, their right hand at their forehead for 
support, and their left at the heart, as a shield against the 
radiant glory ; and hence arose the reverential sign, or sign of 
salute. 

It wgs now they heard pronounced the dreadful sentence, 
that the ground, for their sakes accursed, should no longer pou) 
forth in such abundance; but themselves be driven from thai 
happy region, to some less friendly climate, there to cultivate 
the hungry soil, and to earn their daily food bv sweat and ]?* 



32 

feour. Now banished from the presence of their God, and im- 
pelled by the wants and calls of nature to constant toil and care, 
they become more fully sensible of their crime, and with true con- 
trition of heart, they, with clasped hands, implored forgiveness ; 
and hence arose the penitential or supplicatory sign, or sign oj 
sorroiv. 

Now fervent prayer, the grand restorer of true peace of mind, 
and only balm to heal a wounded conscience, first raised a 
gleam of hope, and encouraged them to pursue their daily task 
with greater cheerfulness ; but seized with weariness and pain, 
the sure effects of constant toil and labour, they were forced to 
lay their right hands to the region of the heart, and their left as 
a support to the side of their heads ; and thus arose the moni- 
torial sign, or sign of admonition. 

Now their minds being more calm, their toil seemed less 
severe, and cheered by bright-eyed hope, with uplifted hands 
and hearts, they clearly saw redemption drawing on ; and hence 
arose the last sign, called the fiducial sign, or sign of faith and 
hope. 

Q. Why do we use rods in the Chapter? 

A. In Anno Lucis 2513, our most excellent grand master, 
Moses, tending the flock of Jethro, his father-in-law, at the 
foot of Mount Sinai, was called by the Almighty, and com- 
manded to go down into Egypt, and deliver his brethren from 
their cruel bondage. Moses, then in banishment, greatly hesi- 
tated, saying, Who am I, that I should go ? The Lord, to en- 
courage him, promised to be with him. Moses, still doubting, 
begs of him a sign, to convince him of his power, and to con- 
firm his promise. The Lord asked, what is in thine hand 
Moses answered, A rod. The Lord said unto him, Cast it on 
the ground. This done, it immediately became a serpent : and 
Moses fled from it. The Lord said unto Moses, Put forth 
thine hand, and take it by the tail ; and it became a rod 
With this rod he smote the two rocks in the wilderness, from 
whence the waters gushed out. With this rod he divided the 
waters of the Red Sea, and made them to stand as two great 
heaps. With this rod he wrought his wonders in the land of 
Egypt ; and, therefore, to commemorate these singular events, 
grid as emblems, we make that use of them in our Royal Arch 
Chapter 

Q. What definition have you of the banners of the Chapter? 



33 

A. The banners of the twelve tribes of Israel, which we have 
for many purposes, especially to commemorate the great won- 
ders which he wrought for the children of Israel during their 
travels in the wilderness, where they were first set up around 
their encampments, and about which each tribe was to pitch its 
respective standards. The devices thereon were emblematical 
of their posterity and after ages. 



34 



MASONIC ORDERS OF CHIVALRY 



KNIGHTS TEMPLAR. 

The Ceremony of Installation in the Masonic Cross Degree of 
Knights Templar of Jerusalem, Knights Hospitallers of St. 
John of Jersusalem, Palestine, Rhodes, and of' Malta. 



HISTORICAL PRELUDE. 

Profane History gives us no account of these Knights, ante- 
rior to the time of the Crusades ; but the Revelatirn of Sacred 
History and Ancient Mystery, supposes them to have been 
orders in the degrees of the Temple, as they now assume to be 
in Masonry. The title of Hospitaller is traceable only to a 
provision for pilgrims journeying to Jerusalem in Palestine ; 
while the distinction of Knights of Rhodes and of Malta was 
acquired in the crusade wars, by their Knights getting and de- 
fending the possession of those islands. They had two resi- 
dences in London : that which is now called St. John's-square, 
and the Temple by the river 

MODERN VARIETIES. 

In the Masonic Degree of Knights Templar, the names of 
officers vary in different Encampments. The following are 
und amongst them : — Grand Master, Grand Prior, Grand 
ub-Prior, Grand Captains first and second, Grand Orator, 
Grand Prelate, Grand Chancellor, Grand Chaplain, Grand Re- 
corder, Grand Drapers, Grand Preceptor, Grand Herald, Grand 
Equerries, Grand Almoner, Grand Councillor, Grand Admiral, 
Grand Treasurer, Grand Hospitaller, Grand Marshal or Grand 
Vice-Admiral, Grand Bailiff, Grand. Commander, Grand Master 
of the Ceremonies, Equerries of the Outposts, and a Janitor or 
Tyler. 

Some encampments make the Order of Malta to be distinct 
from that of the Templar ; while others create a Knight at once 
as a Knight Hospitaller of St. John of Jerusalem, of Palestine, 
of Rhodes, of Malta, and Knisrht Templar of Jerusalem. 



35 



THE SIGNS OF THE ORDER. 

The Penal Signs are the Chin or Beard Sign, which is a right 
hand thumb and finger stroking the chin or beard ; and the 
Saw Sign drawing the thumb or finger across the forehead, as 
indicative of the penalty of having the skull sawn asunder. The 
Grand Sign is emblematic of the death of Jesus Christ on the 
Cross, with arms extended, head dropping on the right shoulder, 
and the right over the left foot. 

THE WORD is Emanuel. The Grand Word of all is 
4donai. The Word Necum, which signifies revenge, is also 
used by the Knights Templar on the Continent, and sometimes 
in this country. 

THE GRIP is to grasp each other's arms across, above the 
elbow, to represent a double triangle. 

There is no exact regularity or fixed form in these Degrees 
of Chivalry, as they are not recognised by the Grand Lodge of 
England. 

THE PASS-WORDS vary in encampments to the following 
extent : I am that I am, Jao-bul-on, Jerusalem, Calvary, Got- 
gotha, Arimathea, Emanuel, Ehihu, or Elihu. 

In the Maltese Order, Ell, Ell, Lama Sabacthani, are the 
grand words : and Gethsemane, Capharsoleum, or Caiphas and 
Melita, are with some the pass-words. 

THE MEDITERRANEAN PASS. 

There is a pass-word and grip called the Mediterranean Pass. 
These knights were in the habit of traversing the Mediterranean 
Sea. Such as had served a year against the Mahometans were 
entitled to the pass-word and grip, which enabled them to re- 
turn free from molestation by their brother knights. The word 
is A-montra, a corruption of the French verb Montrer, to shew, 
to shew a sign. The knights on one side hail, by a trumpet, 
those of the other with A-montra. It is answered by the token, 
which is to seize a man by the thigh, as if in the act to throw 
him. The real pass- word is Maher-shalal-hash-baz, also spoken 
through a trumpet. 

The banners of the encampment are two : the first, black, 
with a white Maltese cross of eight points, which is called the 
banner of the Knights Hospitallers of St. John ; the second, 



3d 

wliii 9 with a red cross, w ich i» that of the Templar. The 
7 rand Commander has his own family banner. 

A candidate for installation is habited as a pilgrim, with san- 
dals, mantle, staff, and cross, scrip and wallet, a belt or cord 
round his waist, with bread and water, and, in some encamp- 
ments, a burthen on the back, which is made to fall off at a 
view of the cross. The whole ceremony is purely Christian, 
according to the vulgar notions and the literal sense of Chris- 
tianity. 

In the following ceremony the officers are a Grand Com- 
mander, First and Second Captain, Past Grand Commander, 
Grand Prelate, Grand Herald, Master of the Ceremonies, Grand 
Registrar, and Grand Orator, Equerries of Outposts, and 
Janitor. 



CEREMONY OR FORM OF OPENING AN ENCAMPMENT. 

G. C. Does it meet with your approbation, sir knights, to 
open this grand Christian encampment? 

Answer (all). It does. 

Go C. Sir knights, assist me to resume the duties of this 
grand Christian encampment. To order, as Knights Templar. 
(All draiv their swords, and rest the points on the left hand.) 
Sir Knight First Captain, what is the first duty of Knights Tem- 
plar met together in arms ? 

F. C. To see the grand Christian encampment well guarded 
both within and without, and the sentinels well posted. 

G. C. Sir Knight First Captain, are the guards and senti- 
nels well posted on their respective duties, and this grand Chris- 
tian encampment secure ? 

F. C. I will issue your commands to that effect. (First to 
the Second Captain) — See that the guards and sentinels be well 
posted on their respective duties, and that this grand Christian 
encampment be secure. 

S. C. Trumpeter, sound the alarm. (This being done, and 
answered by the sentinels, the Second Captain reports to the first) 
— The guards and sentinels are properly posted on their respec- 
tive duties, and all is well. 

F. C. Grand Commander, the guards ana sentinels are 
prop rlv r osted on their respective duties, and all is stxurv. 

Cj. C. What is it secured With ? 



37 

F. C Faith in Jesus Christ, peace and good- will towards 
men. 

G. C. Where is the Second Captain's place in this grand 
Christian encampment * 

F. C. In the north-west. 

G. C. (To the Second Captain.) Your Christian duty when 
there placed? 

S. C. As Christ arose at high meridian and ascended into 
heaven to bring glad tidings to the believing world ; so it is 
my duty to preside in the north-west, to call the sir knights 
from the field to refreshment, that the Grand Commander 
may have the pleasure, and the sir knights the profit conse- 
quent. 

G. C. You have a second duty. 

S. C. To receive, obey, and disperse all general orders from 
the Grand Commander and the First Captain, and to see them 
duly executed. Also, to guard the entrance of the grand 
Christian encampment, that none pass therein, but those who 
are duly qualifW. 

G. C. Where is the situation of the First Captain in this 
grand Christian encampment ? 

S. C. In the south-west. 

G. C. (To the First Captain.) Your Christian duty when 
there placed * 

F. C. Joseph of Arimathea, being a just and a devout man, 
went to Pilate to beg the body of our Lord and Saviour 
Jesus Christ, which being granted, he wrapped it up in clean 
linen, and laid it in a new sepulchre wherein never man was 
laid, and closed the entrance thereof, which closed the first 
day of man's salvation. And the First Captain guards this 
sepulchre. 

G. C. You have a second duty. 

F. C. To receive and dispatch all general orders from the 
Grand Commander to the Second Captain, and see them punc- 
tually obeyed. 

G. C. (To the Past Grand Commander.) The Grand Com- 
mander's place in this grand Christian encampment ? 

P. G. C. In the east. 

G. C. His Christian, duty, when there presiding ? 
P. G. C. Very early on the first day of the week, came 
Mary Magdalene and the other Mary to the sepulchre. And 



38 

Jo ! there had been a great earthquake, and an angel of the 
Lord descended from heaven, rolled back the stone which co- 
vered the entrance to the sepulchre, and sat thereon. Which 
opened to us life from death : for as by the first man Adam, 
came death ; so by the second Adam, came life everlasting. 
So it is the Grand Commander's place to preside in the east — 
to superintend, govern, and regulate the grand Christian en- 
campment, by projecting schemes and plans for its general 
welfare, and to see that all orders and distinctions are preserved 
and duly executed with every becoming warlike enterprise. To 
order the sound of the alarm — to call the sir knights from re- 
freshment to the field — to fight the battles of our Lord and 
Saviour Jesus Christ, and, after the Grand Prelate has 
offered up his prayer, to open the grand Christian encamp- 
ment. 

The Grand Prelate prays thus : — Othou great Emanuel and 
God of infinite goodness, look down upon this conclave with an 
eye of tender compassion, and incline our hearts to thy holy 
will, in all our actions, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. 
{He then reads the first six verses of the last chapter of the Gos- 
pel according to St. Mark.) 

" And when the Sabbath was past Mary Magdalene, and 
Mary the mother of James, and Salome, had brought sweet 
spices, that they might come and anoint him. And very early 
in the morning the lirst day of the week, they came unto the se- 
pulchre at the rising of the sun. And they said among them- 
selves, Who shall roll us away the stone from the door of the 
sepulchre ? And when they looked, they saw that the stone 
was rolled away : for it was very great. And entering into the 
sepulchre, they saw a young man sitting on the right side, 
clothed in a long white garment ; and they were affrighted. And 
he saith unto them, be not affrighted : Ye seek Jesus of Na- 
zareth, which was crucified : he is risen ; he is not here : be- 
hold the place where they laid him." 

G. C. {The knights in the posture of the grand sign.) As 
our blessed Saviour's resurrection from the dead, opened life and 
salvation unto men ; and as all those who sincerely believe on 
him may rest assured of eternal life through his name ; the life 
of grace with all its comforts here — the life of glory with all its 
unutterable blessedness hereafter, both being effectually ob- 
tained by the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, who hath 



39 

Opened the kingdom of heaven to all believers. So, in hi* 
names of Christ our prophet, Christ our priest, Chris our 
king, I ow open this grand Christian encampment, for the dis- 
patch of such business as may come regularly and duly before 
us. 

P. G. C. So mote it be. 

{The swords of the G. C. and the two captains are then 
vlaced in the form of a triangle, on the floor, opposite to the 
G. C. All the other knights sheath their swords.) 

N. B. — In some encampments, theG. C. merely pronounces 
that it is his will and pleasure, that this grand Christian en- 
campment be open for the dispatch of business. This is re- 
peated by the two captains and the Master of the Ceremonies. 
After which, the G. C. pronounces it open in the name of Christ 
our prophet, Christ our priest, and Christ Our k ng. 

CEREMONT OR FORM OF CLOSING AN ENCAMPMENT. 

G. C. Sir knights, assist me in the duties of closing this grand 
Christian encampment. To order, as Knights Templar. (All 
draw their swords, and rest their points on their left hands.) 
Sir Knight First Captain, what is the constant duty of Knights 
Templar when under arms ? 

F. C. To see the grand Christian encampment well 
guarded, both within and without, and the sentinels 'well 
posted. 

G. C. Sir Knight First Captain, are the guards and senti- 
nels well posted on their respective duties, and this grand Chris- 
tian encampment secure? 

F C. I will issue your commands to that effect. 

(First to the Second Captain.) See that the guards and 
sentinels be well posted on their respective duties, and that this 
grand Christian encampment be secure. 

S. C. Trumpeter, sound the alarm. (This being done and 
answered by the sentinels, the Second Captain reports to the 
First) — The guards and sentinels are properly posted on ther 
respective duties ; and all is well. 

F. C. Grand Commander, the guards and sentinels are 
properly posted on their respective duties ; and all is secure. 

G. C. With what is it secured ? 

F. C. Faith in Jesus Christ, peace and good will to a!l 
men. 



40 

G. P. (P^ayiig). May the blessing of our Heavenly Cap- 
tain descend upon us, and remain with us now and ever moie, 
Amen. (Reads the last six verses of the fifteenth chapter of 
the (Gospel according to St. Mark.) 

" And now when the even was come, because it was the pre - 
} aration, that is, the day before the sabbath, Joseph of Ara- 
mathaea, an honourable councillor, which also waited for the 
kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, anr 
craved the body of Jesus. And Pilate marvelled if he wert 
already dead : and calling unto him the centurion, he asked him 
whether he had been any while dead. And when he knew it 
of the centurion, he gave the body to Joseph. And he brought 
rine linen, and took him down, and wrapped him in the linen, 
rind laid him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of a rock, and 
rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre. And Mary Mag- 
dalene and Mary the mother of Jesus beheld where he way 
laid." 

P. G. C. So mote it be ( The knights in their grand sign 
vosture.) 

G. C. When our Saviour's agony was at the summit, and 
} e knew that all things were accomplished, having received the 
-vinegar, he said, it is finished. He then bowed his head, gave 
rpthe ghost, surrendered that life, which otherwise could not 
1 ave been taken from him, as a ransom for many, and freely 
resigned his soul into his father's hands. The work of redemp- 
tion completed — the full atonement made — all the types and 
prophecies fulfilled — the laws magnified by a perfect obedience 
unto death — the justice of God satisfied, and salvation to> sin- 
ners secured. Thus was our great surety laid under the aurest 
of death, and consigned to the silent mansions of the grave, that 
he might make the clods of the valley sweet to us; prepare our 
bed of dust, perfumed with his own glorious body, and comfort 
us in the reviving hope of following him through the grave, the 
gate of death, into a joyful immortality. After our blessed Sa- 
viour's example, may we, by faith, when time shall be no more, 
cheerfully commend our departing souls to our heavenly Father's 
.keeping, until the happy resurrection morn, when fashion^ 
•like unto Christ's glorious body, our sleeping ashes shall be re- 
animated, that we may then be taken to dwell with h>m in his 
eternai kingdom, where all terrestrial things will close. So, m 
his Karnes of Christ our prophet, Christ our priest, and Chris* 



onr king, I now close this grand (Jhiistian encampment, until 
that time you are next summoned to attend by my orueis from 
the Grand Registrar. 

P. G. C. So mote it be. 



CE&F-MONY OF THE INSTALLATION. 

PREPARATION 02? THE CANDIDATE. 

Habited as a Pilgrim, with sandals, mantle, a belt or cor;< 
round the waist, a staff with a cross, scrip and wallet with breai 
and a bottle of water, having been elected by ballot, or other- 
wise, according to the custom of the encampment, the candi- 
date is conducted by the Master of the Ceremonies to t ie 
entrance of the encampment. On the approach, an alarm is 
scunded with a trumpet, and a report is made within by %'\q 
Second Captain. 

2nd C. Grand Commander, an alarm at the outpost. 

G. C. Ascertain the cause, and accordingly report. 

2nd C. (To the equerry without.) See who approaches our 
•encampment. 

E. Who comes here ? 

C. A pilgrim, on his travels, hearing of a Knights Templar's 
Encampment, has come with a hope of being admitted. 
• E. From whence came you ? 

C. From the wilderness of Judea, which I have traversed, 
-exposed to great danger, until I met with this worthy knighr, 
who promised me protection and safe conduct to the fiolv 
City. 

E. Do you come of your own free will ? 

C. I do. 

E. What are you desirous to do ? 

C. To devote my life to the service of the poor and the sick 
for the sake of Jesus Christ, and to pray for my own sms w;th 
those of the peopie. 

E. What recommendation have you ? 

C. The Sign and Word of a Royal Arch Mason. 

E. Have you worked at the second temple t 

C. I have. 

B. Have you received Christian Baptissia ? 

C. I have. 



42 

E. Do you believe in God the Father, God the Sod, and 
God the Holy Ghost? 

C. I do. 

E. Do you believe that God the Son was made man to 
save us ? 

C. I do. 

£. Do you believe in the inspiration of the Holy Ghost? 

C. I do. 

E. Are you willing to protect the Christian Faith, at the 
expense of your life 

C. I am. 

E. Wait while I make a report to the grand Christian en- 
campment. 

{Report. — To the Second Captain.') 
A weary pilgrim from the wilderness who claims attention, and 
craves admission to join the encampment. 

2nd C. Is he worthy of admission ? 

E. I have put to him the usual probationary questions, and 
have received satisfactory answers and proofs. 

2nd C. Grand Commander, a poor weary pilgrim from the 
wilderness craves admission. 

G. C. Is he worthy to be admitted ? 

2nd C. He has given satisfactorv answers. 

G. C. Let him oe admitted under the proper form. {The 
candidate is admitted: a saw is applied to his forehead at his 
entrance by the 2nd Captain. All the sir knights appear under 
arms.) 

2nd C. {To the candidate on his entrance; with the saw to 
his forehead.) Who are you that dare approach thus into our 
encampment ? 

C. A poor weary pilgrim from the wilderness of Judea. 

2nd C. Have you come of your own free will ? 

C. I have. 

2nd C. What are you desirous to do ? 

C. To devote my life to the service of the poor and sick for 
the sake of Jesus Christ, and to pray for my own sins with 
those of the people. 

2nd C. What recommendation have you ? 

C. The Sign and Word of a Royal Arch Mason. 

2nd C. Give me that sign and word. {He gives them). 
Have you worked at the second temple ? 



43 

C. I have. 

2nd C. Have you received Christian Baptism ? 

C. I have. 

2nd C. Do you believe in God the Father. God the 8cr t 
and God the Holy Ghost ? 

C. I do. 

2nd C. Do you believe that God the Son became man to 
save us ? 

C. I do. 

2nd C. Are you willing to protect the Christian Faith at the 
expense of your life ? 

C. I am. 

( This examination is repeated by the F. X. and G, C.) The. 
candidate is ordered to kneel on both knees for the benefit of a 
prayer, and the Grand Prelate thus prays : — O Emanuel, our 
great heavenly captain, look down, we beseech thee, on this 
encampment of thy devoted servants, and impart thy Holy 
Spirit to the candidate now before us, that he may become a 
good and faithful soldier in thy service, and be worthy of thy 
acceptance and salvation. 

P. G. M. So mote it be. 

G. C. As we must have a further trial of your faith, you 
must perambulate the encampment seven times, in order to pre 
pare yourself, by meditation, to take a solemn obligation,, 
(This is done.) 

G. C. You must now kneel on both knees, take the Gos- 
pels in your hand, and receive the obligation from our Grand 
Prelate. 

G. P. Pilgrim, you are kneeling at the altar for the purpose 
of taking a solemn obligation, appertaining to the degree of a 
Knight Templar. If you are willing to proceed, repeat your 
Christian and surname, and say after me : — 

OBLIGATION. 

I, A. B.., in the name of the Blessed Trinity, and in com- 
memoration of St. John of Jerusalem, that first faithful soldier 
and martyr of Jesus Christ, do most solemnly promise and 
swear, that I will never illegally reveal the secrets of a Knight 
Templar to a Royal Arch Mason, nor to any person beneath 
tho d;gnity of this nobis order, nor aid in the installation of tt* 



44 

Knight Templar, unless five are present, ur.der the penalty of 
all my former obligations. 

( The pilgrim's staff and cross are taken away, and a sword 
placed in his hand by the Grand Commander, who says)~~In 
the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, I arm you witn 
this sword, which you will employ in the defence of the 
Gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, against all 
opposers.) 

I do furthermore swear, that with this, the sword of my Faith, 
I will guard and defenB.th* sepulchre of our Lord Jesus Christ, 
against all Jews, Turks, Infidels, Heathens, or other opposers . 
of the Gospel. 

I do furthermore swear, that I will never knowingly draw the 
i>lood of a brother Knight Templar, nor cause it to be drawn in 
wrath ; but will espouse his cause, knowing it to be just, though 
I should endanger my own life. Even when princes are en- 
gaged in war, I will not forget the duty which I owe to him as 
a brother. If ever I wilfully violate this my solemn compact, 
as a brother Knight Templar, may my scull be sawn asunder 
with a rough saw, my brains taken out and put in a charger to 
be consumed by the scorching sun, and my scull in another 
-charger,, in commemoration of St. John of Jerusalem, that first 
faithful soldier and martyr of our Lord and Saviour. If ever I 
Avilfully deviate from this my solemn obligation, may my light 
be put out from among men, as that of Judas Iscariot was for 
betraying his Lord and Master. 

{Here the sword is taken from the candidate, and a scull 
placed in his hand.) 

Furthermore, may the soul that once inhabited this scull, as 
the representative of John the Baptist, appear against me in the 
day of judgment, so help me God, our Lord Jesus Christ, and 
keep me steadfast in this my solemn obligation of a Knight 
Templar, and of St. John of Jerusalem. 

( The Grand Prelate then directs the candidate to kiss the 
Gospels seven times, to rise, to deposit the skull on the triangu- 
lar table, resume the staff, and thus addresses him: — ) 

Pilgrim, thou hast craved admission to pass through our so- 
lemn ceremonies, and enter the asylum of our encampment, by 
the sandals, staff, and scrip, I judge thee to be a child of hu- 
mility : charity and hospitality are the grand characteristics of 
this most Christian order. In the character of Knights 



45 

Templar, we are bound to give alms to the poor and weary 
nilgrims travelling from afar, to succour the needy, feed the 
hungry, clothe the naked, and bind up the wounds of the 
afflicted. 

As you are desirous of enlisting in this noble and glorious 
warfare, lay aside the staff and take up the sword, fighting 
manfully thy way, and with valour running thy course : and 
may the Almighty, who is a strong tower and defence to 
all those who put their trust in him, be thy support and thy 
salvation. 

I now place in your hand a lighted taper, and admonish you 
to perambulate the encampment five times in solemn meditation ; 
and if you have any prejudice or enmity with any Christian 
man, as a qualification for further honours, it is necessary you 
should forgive, otherwise fly lo the desert; and rather than 
appear unworthily among us, shun the knights of this order. 

(At the end of this perambulation, the candidate stops be- 
fore a cross, wnen nis wallet or ourmen is maae to fall from 
his back. He is then divested of the pilgrim's dress, con- 
ducted to the Grand Commander, and required to kneel. The 
Grand Commander lays his sword on the candidate's right and 
hfi shoulder and on the head, and says — I hereby instal yo*i a 
Masonic Knight Hospitaller of St. John of Jerusalem, Pales- 
tine, Rhodes, and Malta, and also a Knight Templar. The 
Grand Commander then takes the candidate by the hand, and 
says — Rise, Sir Knight A. B. ; receive a hearty welcome into 
the Christian Order, which will be ever ready to defend and 
protect you.) 

G. C. I now invest you with the paraphernalia of the order. 
First, I clothe you with a mantle. Receive it as the Lord's 
yoke ; for it is easy and light, and will bring rest to your soul. 
As a habit, it is of little worth, and we oromise you nothing 
but bread and water. 

Secondly, I invest you with the apron, sash, and jewel. The 
emblems within the triangle, the star on the sash and the 
Maltese cross jewel, you will have explained in the lecture. 

Lastly, 1 present you with a shield and sword, which, in the 
jiand of a valiant and Christian knight, is endowed with three 
most excellent qualities. Its hUt with justice ; its blade with 
fortitude; its point with mtrcy ; which gives this important 
lesson, that having faith in the tustice nf our cause, we must 



46 

press forward with undaunted fortitude, ever remembering to 
extend the point of mercy to a fallen foe. 

I shall now make you acquainted with the signs, words, and 
tokens, and our Grand Herald will then proclaim your instal- 
lation. 

First, the Mediterranean pass- word and sign. The hailing 
word is A-montra. The pass-word is Mahershulalhashbaz. 
The sign is to seize a man by the thigh, as if in the act of 
throwing him overboard. 

The Knights Templar signs and words are, first, the penal 
sign, which is to draw the forefinger or the thumb across the 
forehead, indicative of the penalty of having the skull sawn 
asunder. The grand sign is to represent Jesus Christ on the 
cross, arms extended, head drooping on the right shoulder, right 
foot laid over the left. The word is Emanuel. The grand word 
of all is Adonai. Necum is also used by some Knights Tem- 
plar, particularly on the continent. 

The token or grip, is to grasp each other's arms across above 
the elbow, to represent the double triangle. 

The motto of a Knight Templar is, In hoc signo vmces. 

Our worthy companion, the Grand Herald, will now pro- 
claim your installation. 

G. H. In the name of the Holy Trinity, and by order of the 
Grand Commander : hear ye, Sir Knights, that I proclaim Sir 
Knight A. B. to be duly installed Knight Hospitaller of St. 
John of Jerusalem, Palestine, Rhodes, and Malta, and a Knight 
Templar. ( To be thrice proclaimed.) 

In some encampments, the following is a concluding part of 
the ceremony : — 

One of the equerries, dressed as a cook, with a white night 
cap and apron, and a large kitchen knife in his hand, suddenly 
makes his entrance, and kneeling on one knee before the new 
Sir Knight, says : — Sir Knight, I admonish you to be just, 
honourable, and faithful to the Order, and not to disgrace your- 
self, or I, the cook, will hack your spurs from off your heels 
with this my kitchen knife. He then retires. 

At the conclusion of the ceremony of installation, it is usual 
for bread or biscuit to be handed round to the Sir Knight. A 
cup of wine is presented to the Grand Commander, called the 
cup of brotherly love. He drinks, and desires the Sir Knights 
to pledge him in that cup of brotherly love, iu commemoration 



47 



of the last supper of cur Grand Heavenly Captain, with his 
twelve Disciples, whom he commanded thus to remember him. 
(The cup is passed round). 
The Grand Orator usually delivers the following charge : — 



G. O. Sir Knight Companion, as you have passed the first 
degrees of Masonry, and have been ballotted for, admitted and 
dubbed a Knight Companion of our most Christian and sublime 
Order, you are to mark and learn all those parts of our rules 
and mysteries which you will find to be ingeniously calculated 
to form and qualify you to engage in services of great moment 
We have been informed, that you earnestly desired and sought 
to be admitted, initiated, and united to our Christian order ; 
and that from free and disinterested motives, abstracted from 
pecuniary or secular views ; so we kindly entreat you to receive 
the instructions which we do now or may hereafter inculcate 
and enjoin. However strange and difficult our ceremonies may 
at first appear, we trust that you will persevere with unremitting- 
zeal, and expect that you will be modestly inquisitive and uni- 
formly attentive, in order to acquire such pleasing instructions 
as will be most expedient to forward the great purposes oi 
rational and social converse. 

From what has been suggested, it appears that the Order ot 
Knights Templar is universally acknowledged to be the most 
sublime and refined, and the most Catholic and efficiently use- 
ful department of Freemasonry. Its votaries are formed into a 
select body, self-existing and self-dependant only, being under 
no subordination whatever, the great and immutable scheme of 
Christian morality excepted. 

As we are orderly assembled for the most valuable of all pur- 
poses, so we are likewise enlightened in a peculiar manner and 
strongly connected in the bonds of brotherly love, governed by 
certain and allowed rules, supported by decency, guarded by 
secrecy, skilled in mystery, both delightful and instructive, 
possessing the affection of each other, and seriously devoting 
ourselves thereto at stated times and seasons, apart from all 
temporal concerns ; conversing together without dissimulation 
or reserve, and abounding in mirth, affability, and good humour. 
We conceive you to be well informed in the three great quali- 



48 

fications which are essential to form the character of a grand' 
Mason — morality, secrecy, and brotherly love, and shall not 
therefore rehearse them here. 

We expect that you will join with us in all things, in labour 
and refreshment, in silence and mirth, always rejoicing with us 
in prosperity, and sympathising with us in adversity, and to be, 
like the rest of your brethren, obedient to the Grand Commander, 
or his Deputy, respectfully attentive to all the presiding officers, 
decent and diligent while in the Encampment, and always ready 
either to give or to receive instruction. You are on no account 
to disobey the summons of your encampment ; but, if your 
time will possibly allow, be punctual to the hour appointed. 
To all these promises, we expect that you will cheerfully comply, 
and we sincerely wish you much success in the issue of your 
labours. 

As an earnest of your desire to fulfil the respective duties 
which you have just heard proposed, you will be pleased to 
attend to the Grand Commander, who will question you on the 
great subject of Christian charity, that great scheme of brotherly 
love, which has been framed by the all-wise Providence, to 
procure for mankind, and more especially for Masons, the 
highest happiness. In the course of your answer, you shall 
have requisite assistance. 

G. C. Wherein doth Christian charity, or the love of which 
you have just now heard, consist ? 

Sir Knight. In doing all the good offices for, and shewing 
unfeigned kindness towards a brother. If he be virtuous, it 
will make us esteem him. If he be honest, but weak in judg- 
ment, it will raise our compassion to commiserate and aid him. 
If he be wicked, it will incline us to give him pious admonition 
and timely exhortation, in order to reclaim him : and if he 
reform, it will augment our happiness. But if, through per- 
verseness and self-will, he continues in an idle course and evil 
habit, it will excite our pity, to pray for him, and, if possible 
to administer to his necessities. It will at all times throw 
veil over the reproach he may deservedly incur ; but if hii 
character shall at any time suffer violence without a just cause 
I will then exert my best abilities to wipe off every unjus' 
aspersion, by openly vindicating his character in a fair an .. 
honourable way. lf^ from birth, honour, state, or wealth, hs 
13 my superior, it will teach me to bs attentive, tractable, 



49 

obliging, and modestly submissive. If he be my inferior, it 
will make me affable, courteous, and kind. If he be my equal, 
it will teach me to preserve equity and candour towards him, 
; n a social way. Lastly, if I receive good from him, it will 
make me thankful and desirous to requite it. If I receive evil 
at his hands, it will make me slow to anger, easy to be en- 
treated, and of long forbearance, when impelled to exact re- 
stitution. In this last act of infliction, mercy shall always 
triumph over judgment, to my brother's edification and enlarge- 
ment. 

G. C. I thank you, Sir Knight Companion, for the ready 
earnest which you hava so cheerfully given of your intention to 
serve your brethren, with, respect to your abilities and their 
several necessities and conditions in life. The Grand Registrar 
will now read the rules of our Grand Christian Encampment, 
in order that the Knights Companions may be more fully in- 
formed of their whole duty, and become better prepared to 
acquit themselves agreeably to the honourable and friendly 
confession, which our worthy companion and the rest of the 
Knights have already made. 

G. II . Sir Knight Companion, the Grand Commander has 
signified his pleasure to me, that the rules be now read, whirch 
have been subscribed by all the Sir Knights Companions ot 
this Grand Christian Encampment. Hear ye, hear ye, each 
and all, Sir Knights Companions present, the whole of the 
rules of your Grand Christian Encampment, as they have been 
written for your own good peace, order, and pleasure, and 
afterwards distinctly heard, assented to, and freely subscribed, 
not by another, but by and for yourselves. 

All answer, We will hear. 

G. R. And, whereas, the Sir Knights Companions of this 
most Christian Order and Encampment of High Knights Tem- 
plar have drawn up, approved, and agreed to the following 
rules, the better to prevent feuds, controversies, animosities, or 
debate, with a single eye to the glory of God, the honour ol 
his Majesty, the welfare and prosperity of the kingdom, and 
the well-being and happiness of each other, all of which they 
profess most religiously to observe ; they are now to be declared 
and known. 



12 



50 

LAWS AND REGULATIONS, 

To he observed by the Knights Companions of the Conclave. 

I. That the Encampment submit to the Grand Encampment 
of England, under the command of his Royal Highness the 
Duke of Sussex, our most Eminent Grand Master, and his 
successors. 

II. That the Eminent Grand Master of this Encampment be 
elected annually, on the Encampment next following the -- — . 
And that he may be re-elected by the Grand Council, as often 
as they shall think proper so to do. , 

III. That on the evening of the election, none attend but the 
Grand Council. 

IV. That as soon as the Grand Master has entered upon his 
ofEce, he be empowered to choose his Council, which do con- 
sist of — - — - Sir Knights, of good character and education, wbo 
shall wear Gold Crosses; the other Companions Crosses of 
Silver only. 

V. That the Eminent Grand Master do elect his officers of 
various rank out of those Councillors who shall have attentively 
served in that exalted capacity at least one year. 

VI. That no candidate be received into this Royal Encamp- 
ment, unless it be satisfactorily proved that he has behaved like 
a faithful brother, and has been a Royal Arch Mason at least 

; unless, for particular reasons, a dispensation should 

be granted by the G. M. or his Deputy. 

VII. That on all occasions a regular ballot be instituted, and 
that exclude a candidate ; and be it observed, that a se- 
cond ballot may take place, on the suspicion that a mistake has 
been made by a companion ; provided that such second ballot 
take place on the same evening, the result of which be final and 
decisive. 

VIII. That the admission-fee be not less than . register- 
ing in Grand Conclave and other customary fees ; avid 

that this rule be subject to such alterations as the Grand Council 
may at any period find expedient to make. 

IX. That such R. A. Masons who may belong to any other 
Encampment shall not be allowed to visit, unless subject to 
visiting fees ; and should they wish to become members they 
become subject to a ballot, ana cnurges of reception. 



51 

X. That the property of ihn Encampment be managed by 
the Grand Council, but that the whole Encampment be con- 
sulted whenever any weighty matter should come before the 
Xouncil, which might cause an extraordinary expenditure of 
the funds. 

XI. That the Chancellor of the Encampment be allowed a 
Vice-chancellor to assist him in the accounts of the Conclave ; 
and that a regular statement of such accounts be laid before 

the Conclave, on the Encampment following the in every 

year. 

XII. That each companion provide himself with a Shield, 
Cloak, and Sword, and wear in Conclave all the insignia of his 
rank. 

XIII. That due respect be paid to the laws of the Supreme 
Grand Conclave of England, and to the regulations of this 
Encampment ; and that disobedience be punished in the fol- 
lowing manner : — First offence, by reprimand in Conclave. 
Second offence, by suspension, for a certain period, from 
appearing in arms. The third offence, expulsion — according 
to the usage of chivalry. This last punishment to be like- 
wise resorted to on any occasion of bad conduct against the 
laws of the country which protect us, or for any other weighty 
crime. 

XIV. That particular attention be paid to that most excel- 
lent Masonic virtue, which is silence ; and should any Com- 
panion of the Encampment be found guilty of disclosing the 
otherwise innocent transaction of the Conclave, even to a Knight 
Companion not a member, he be amenable for such conduct to 
♦he Grand Council, and be judged accordingly. 

XV. That each Companion inscribe his name in the list of 
Sir Knights, suspended in the chapter-house of the Order. 

XVI. That the quarterly fees be regularly discharged; and 
that any Companion who shall omit paying four succeeding 
zees, in quarterly payments, shall no longer be considered a 
member ; and that it be considered as a point of honour not to 
quit the Encampment, until all the fees be fully and regularly 
discharged. 

XVII. That visiting fees be charged — ■ — . 

XVIII. That the Sir Knights celebrate one day in each year 
in festivity, by dining together. 

XIX. That a committee be appointed by the Grand Council, 



52 

c*/iisisting of six Sir Knights and the Chancellor, or bis Yke» 
chancellor, to regulatj the affairs of the Order, and that five 
out of seven be competent to act. 

XX. That each Knight Companion supply himself with a 
^opy of the rules, and do make a good use of the same. 



LECTURE. 






Q. Where were you prepared to be made a Knight Tern 
plar? 

A. Adjoining a Grand Christian Encampment. 

Q. How were you habited ? 

A. As a pilgrim, with sandals on my feet, a mantle on my 
shoulders, a staff with a cross in my hand, a belt round my 
waist, a scrip and wallet, with bread and a bottle of water. 

Q. Kow were you introduced ? 

A. In that condition I was led towards the entrance of the 
Grand Christian Encampment, by the Master of the Ceremo- 
nies, and a trumpet was sounded. 

Q. What followed ? 

A. I was challenged by an Equerry. 

Q. What was that challenge ? 

A. Who came there. 

Q. Your answer ? 

A. A pilgrim, on his travels to the holy city, hearing of a 
Knight Templar Encampment, has come with a hope of being 
admitted. 

Q. W T hat other questions were put to you ? 

A. I was asked from whence, and if I came of my own free 
will, and what I was desirous of doing? 

Q. Your answer to these questions ? 

A. That I came of my own free will from the wilderness of 
Judea, which I had traversed, exposed to great danger, until I 
was met by the worthy Knight who accompanied me, and who 
promised me protection and safe conduct to the holy city ; and? 
that 1 was desirous to devote my life to the service of the poor 
and the sick, for the sake of Jesus Christ, and to pray for my 
own sins with those of the people. 

Q. Were you further examined? 

A. I was asked what recommendation I brought with me 



53 

Q. Your answer ? 

A. The sign and the word of a Royal Arch Mason. 

Q. Were they called for ? 

A. They were. 

Q. How were you further tried ? 

A. In being asked if I had worked at the Second Temple; 
rf I had received Christian baptism ; if I believed in God the 
Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Ghost ; if I believed 
that God the Son was made man to save us ; if I believed in 
the inspiring power of the Holy Ghost; and if I was willing to 
protect the Christian faith at the expense of my life. To all 
which I answered in the affirmative. 

Q. What occurred next ? 

A. I was ordered to wait until a report had been made to- 
the Grand Commander and the Sir Knights of the Encamp- 
ment. 

Q. How were you admitted ? 

A. A saw was placed to my forehead by the Second Cap 
tain, after examining me over again on the same subjects pre- 
sented by the Equerry. I thus entered the Encampment, and 
found the Sir Knights under arms. I was subjected to the 
same examination by the First Captain and by the Grand 
Commander ; after which, I was ordered to kneel on both 
knees, and receive the benefit of a prayer from the Grand Prelate. 

Q. What was further said to you ? 

A. The Grand Commander said, we must have a further trial 
of your faith. You must perambulate the Encampment for 
meditation and further preparation. 

Q. What was done with you then ? 

A. I was conducted to the west, desired to kneel on both- 
knees, with my face to the east, my hand on the gospels; in 
which position, I received the first part of my*<obligation. 

Q. Be pleased to repeat it. 

A. I, A. B., in the presence of the Holy Trinity, and in 
memory of St. John of Jerusalem, that first faithful soldier and 
martyr in Christ Jesus, do most solemnly promise and swear,, 
that I will never illegally reveal the secrets of a Knight Tem- 
plar to a Royal Arch Mason, nor to any person beneath the 
dignity of this noble order ; nor, aid in the installation of a 
Knight Templar unless five are piesent, myself included, under 
the penalty of all my former obligations. 



34 

Q. After you had received the first part of your obligation^ 
what was then done with you ? 

A. My staff was taken from me, and I was presented with a 
sword as a substitute, with my hand still on the Holy Gospels, 
and in this prostrate form I was taught to repeat the second 
part of my obligation. 

Q. Be pleased to deliver it. 

A. I do furthermore swear, that, with this the sword of my 
faith, I will guard and defend the tomb and sepulchre of our 
Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, against all Jews, Turks, Infi- 
dels, and Heathens, and other opposers of the gospel. 

Q. After you had taken the second part of your obligation, 
what did the Grand Commander do with you ? Did he not 
address you on the presentation of the sword ? 

A. He said, in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost, 
I arm you with this sword, as a distinguishing mark of our 
approbation ; and I am persuaded, that you will only employ 
it in the defence of the gospel of our Lord and Saviour Jesus 
Christ, against all those who may oppose the same. 

Q. Be pleased to conclude the obligation. 

A. I do furthermore swear, that I will never knowingly draw- 
the blood of a Brother Knight Templar, nor cause it to be 
drawn in wrath ; but will espouse his cause, knowing it to be 
just, though I should endanger my own life. Even when 
princes are engaged in war, I will not forget the duty which I 
owe him as a brother. If ever I wilfully violate this my solemn 
compact, as a Brother Knight Templar, may my skull be sawn 
asunder with a rough saw, my brains taken out and put in a 
charger to be consumed by the scorching sun, and my skull in 
another charger, in memory of St. John of Jerusalem, that 
iaithful soldier of our Lord and Saviour. If ever I wilfully 
deviate from this my solemn obligation, may my light be put 
out from among men, as that of Judas Iscariot was for betray- 
ing his Lord and Master ; furthermore, may the soul that once 
inhabited this skull, as the representative of St. John the Bap- 
tist, appear against me in the day of judgment : so help me 
God, and keep me stedfast in this my solemn obligation of a 
Knight Templar. 

Q. Was anything added ? 

A. I was ordered to kiss the gosDels seven times, and received 
the charge of the Grand J^ieiaie, who exhorted me to fight 



55 

nanfully and run my course with valour, trusting in our Lord 
ac^ Saviour Jesus Christ. 

0. What were you then desired to do ? 

A. I was then ordered to take a lighted taper in my hand, 
and to perambulate the encampment five times, in solemn 
meditation, with the admonition, that if I had either prejudice 
or enmity towards any man, I was to dismiss it as a necessary 
qualification for further honours ; and that, if I would not for- 
give my enemies, I had better fly to the desert, to shun the 
sight of the Knights of this Order, than to appear so unworthily 
among them. This I promised to do. 

Q. How were you then disposed of? 

A. The veil was taken from the Cross, at the sight of which 
my burthen fell from my back. 

Q. And then ? 

A. I was divested of my pilgrim's dress, desired to kneel, 
and to receive the Order of Knighthood. 

Q. How was that done ? 

A. The Grand Commander laid his sword on both my shoul* 
ders and my head, and bade me rise a Masonic Knight Hos- 
pitaller of St. John of Jerusalem, Palestine, Rhodes, and Malta, 
and also a Knight Templar : giving me a hearty welcome into 
the Christian Order that would be ever ready to defend and 
protect me. 

Q. What followed ? 

A. I was intrusted with the signs, words, and tokens, clothed 
with the mantle of the Order, at which I was told to receive the 
Lord's yoke, for it was easy and light, and would bring rest to 
my soul, and that I was promised nothing but bread and water 
with that habit of little worth. 

Q. What next ? 
I A. I was invested with the apron, sash, and jewel. 

Q. W T hat was then explained to you? 

A. The encampment and its furniture. First, the three 
Equilateral Triangles representing the Trinity in unity, in the 
centre of which was placed the omnipotent and all-seeing Eye. 
Second, the figure of St. John of Jerusalem holding out the 
Cup of Salvation to all true believers. Third, the Cock which 
was a memento to Peter. Fourth, the Lamb. Fifth, the Cross 
on Mount Calvary. Sixth, the Five Lights, on the New Tes- 
tament, as emblematical of the birth, life, death, resurrection, 



5G 

and ascension of our blessed Redeemer. Seventh, the Sword 
and Sceptre. Eighth, the Star which appeared at the birth ci 
Jesus. Ninth, the Ladder with five steps. Tenth, the Saw. 
Eleventh, the Sepulchre and Gospels. And Twelfth, the 
Cup. 

Q. What was then explained ? 

A. The seven agonies of our Saviour. First, that which he 
experienced in the garden of Gethsemane. Second, being 
seized as a thief or assassin. Third, his being scourged by the 
order of Pontius Pilate. Fourth, the placing on his head a 
crown of thorns. Fifth, the mockery and derision of the Jews, 
by putting on him a scarlet robe, and a reed in his hand as a 
sceptre. Sixth, nailing him to a cross; and, Seventh, the 
piercing of his side. 

Q. What was finally done ? 

A. My installation was thrice proclaimed by the Granc 
Herald, and I partook of bread and wine, in commemoration 
of the Lord's Supper, with the whole of the Sir Knights in tin 
S&campment drinking from the cup of brotherly love, 



MANUAL OF MASONRY; 

PART IIL 



CONTAINING 

THE DEGREES OF MARK MAN, MARK MASTER, ARCHI- 
TECT, GRAND ARCHITECT, SCOTCH MASTER, OR SU- 
PERINTENDENT, SECRET MASTER,- PERFECT MASTER, 
INTIMATE SECRETARY, INTEND ANT OF THE BUILD 
INGS, PAST MASTER, EXCELLENT MASONS. SUPER- 
EXCELLENT MASONS, NINE ELECTED KNIGHTS, ELECT 
OF NINE, PRIESTLY ORDER OF ISRAEL, PROVOST AND 
JUDGE, PRUSSIAN KNIGHTS, RED CROSS SWORD OF 
BABYLON, KNIGHTS OF THE SWORD, RED CROSS OF 
ROME AND CONSTANTINE, KNIGHTS OF THE WHITE 
EAGLE, KNIGHTS OF THE EAGLE, ROSICRUCIAN OR 
NE PLUS ULTRA, &C. &C. : 



©yplanatorg SnirolmcttBn to tht Scttnce, 



A FREE TRANSLATION OF SOME OF THE SACRED 
SCRIPTURE NAMES. 



By RICHARD CARLILE 



LONDON: 

PBJNTED AND PUBLISHED BY R. CARLILE PLEET STREET. 



INTRODUCTION 



}* ap introduction to each of the former parts, I have r e- 
veaiea, tnat freemasonry, rightly understood, is the science of 
spirit of the Bible. It remains, in this, to make that revelation 
more ample, and to show the masonic brotherhood, that, 
though never in a lodge, I can teach them the very science or 
spirit of Masonry, such as they do not find taught in any 
lodge now existing. In this introduction they shall find the 
climax of the philosophy which they hold in allegory, and of 
which, in their lodges, they have no understanding, beyond the 
reading and uttering of the letter or mystery. They are in 
precisely the same condition with the Jewish and Christian 
churches, resting on the letter ; blind, deaf, dumb, and dead to 
the spirit or science of the sacred scriptures. 

The great mistake of the two churches, Jewish and Christian, 
has been to read the Old Testament and gospel as historical 
scripture of human action, limited to time and place. As such, 
it Gould have only been the word of man ; and not the word of 
God. The Bible is of higher meaning, is not the word of man ; 
but is, in truth, the word of God. To write history, inspiration 
is not necessary ; the most common-place memory is sufficient ; 
so inspiration makes no part of history, has no communion with 
it, they cannot be mixed up together ; hence the Sacred Scrip- 



toes are inspired writings, and not history of human action. 
History of God, they may be styled, and this is what is meant 
by sacred history : and \t is worthy of note, that the contempti- 
ble history of man was not begun before the time of Herodotus ; 
or five hundred years before the Christian era, while the Sacred 
Scriptures are not to be limited to any time, though first sub^ 
mitted to public and general notice, in a translation from the 
Hebrew into the Greek language, at Alexandria, in Egypt, about 
twenty-three centuries since. This refers more particularly to 
the Old Testament Scriptures ; but we can trace the first Greek 
version of the gospel to the same city, and nearly if not fully 
up to the same period, in the Therapeutan churches ; while the 
tragedy of Prometheus, by Eschylus, is an older Greek version 
of the same gospel, as handed down from Persia and Hindostan. 
With God, or the word of God, there is no beginning ; no 
oiigin in time or place ; no subject for the limits of human 
history. 

God is immutable. Immutability establisnes eternity. God 
is eternal. Eternity is the antithesis of beginning, but not of 
creation. God, therefore, had no beginning, but is a creating 
power. Creation being a composition of elements, the ele- 
ments, and not the thing created, are eternal. The power is 
immutable, the composition mutable. And it is a human error 
in the translation of divine language, to say or suppose that 
God began at any time to act upon a new scheme or altered 
plan with the human race. It is the letter, and not the spirit 
Of the gospel that thus states the case. That letter is nothing 
more than a drama prepared for personification, the spirit is in 
the principle or power to be personified. The letter is but a 
new version of the thing in every succeeding language, from 
the Sanscrit co tne Grecian. The spirit is eternal, beyond all 
language, ana, as the word of God, is co-eternal with Go, i, 
There are but two distinct states of the .human mind ; thp one 
founded as on the letter of the Sacred Scriptures, the other csi 



the spirit : the one a state of error and superstitien, and the 
other a state of truth and science. In the same sense, and un- 
der the same distinction, there can be but two kinds of churcnes 
and Masonic Lodges ; the one founded on, or made up of, the 
^tter, the error, the superstition ; the other founded on ; or 
made up of, the spirit, the truth, the science. All ancient 
priesthoods of which we have any records, and all the ancient 
mysteries, were presented under the tw r o-fold distinction of let- 
ter and spirit ; the letter an exoterical doctrine, a lie and su- 
perstition for the people without : the spirit and esoterical doc- 
trine, the truth and science of the thing, for the priesthood and 
initiated within. This was the game, until both the priesthood 
and Masonic Lodges lost their own secret, their word, their re- 
velation. It is now all mystery, all letter, all error, all super- 
stition ; no revelation, no spirit, no truth, no science. It has 
been, and continues to be, my endeavour to bring th£ thurch 
and Masonic Lodges back to a knowledge of the revelation, the 
spirit, the truth, and science of their symbolical allegories/to 
throw a little scientific and intellectual life into them, to make 
them respectable and respected by the people at large, to stay 
dissent, and to make society a Catholic or Masonic brother- 
hood. 

In furtherance of this object, I shall now present the Ma- 
sonic reader with a glossary of Bible names, or rather a trans- 
lation of such names, for they have not been translated into 
our English language, in any other way than as a table or 
glossary. They are left in our English versions of the Bible to 
appear as names of human beings, and are read by the letter 
readers as names of human beings. The same sort of reading 
may be applied to the sacred writings of the Hindoos, and to 
the names of their avatars ; and the same mistake be made, 
while we now know, that these avatars, though cailed succes- 
sive incarnations of God in man, were in spirit and science, 
large astronomical periods of time, presenting various condi- 



tions of tie earth's surface, and various physical and moral ef* 
fents on human nature. Such I take to be the meaning of the 
Sacred Scripture names from Adam to Jesus Christ; it is 
physically an astronomical genealogy, morally a mental 
one. 

There was a translated table of names in the Bibles pub- 
lished in the reign of Elizabeth. The introduction tells me 
that the translation has been corruptly, purposely, and wickedly 
withheld from the Bibles printed in the reign of Henry VIII, 
Edward VI, and Mary I, and I find it was suppressed in the 
new translation of the Bible ordered by James I. The old in- 
troduction is a curiosity worth transcribing; and though the 
author (Hervey) does not appear to have known the whole 
subject, he leaves us to guess that he knew something about it ; 
I will give the matter in his own language, as far as the intro- 
duction goes ; but I shall take some liberties with his trans- 
lations, and give more of the spirit of the thing than he has 
given. I cannot rest until I have made myself a thorough 
master of the Hebrew language, if I can live long enough for 
that purpose, for I almost daily make discoveries of spiritual 
meanings in that language, which none of our priests or trans- 
lators have hitherto taught us. 

" Whereas the wickedness of time, and the blindness of the 
former age hath been such, that all things altogether have been 
. abused and corrupted, so that the very right names of divers of 
the holy men named in the Scriptures have been forgotten, and 
now seem strange unto us, and the names of infants, that 
should ever have some godly advertisement in them, and should 
be memorials and marks of the children of God received into 
his household, have been hereby also changed, and made the 
signs and badges of idolatry and heathenish impiety, we have 
set forth this table of the names that are most used in the Old 
Testament, with their interpretations, as the Hebrew importeth : 



partly to call back the godly from that abuse, when they shall 
know the true names of the godly Fathers, and what they sig- 
nify, that their children, now named after them, may have tes- 
timonies by their own names that they are within this faithful 
family, that in all their doings had ever God before their eyes, 
and that they are Dound by thoat their names to serve God from 
their infancy, and have occasion to praise him for his works 
wrought in them and their followers : but chiefly to restore 
the names to their integrity, whereby many places of the Scrip- 
tures, and secret mysteries of the Holy Ghost, shall better be 
understood. 



A Table of some of the Names of the Sacred Scriptures, trans- 
lated from the Hebrew and the Greek into the English Language. 



Aaron. A lofty or elevated teacher, or power of teaching, 
High Priest of Israel — the Holy Spirit, or Spirit of Truth, as 
described in the New Testament. 

Abednego. A servant or follower of the Lord God, or of 
Christ as the life and light of men, whose integrity and fidelity 
the fiery furnace of persecution cannot destroy. One baptized 
with fire, or perfected in the baptism of the Holy Ghost, 

Abel. The City of God made low and desolate. Jerusalem 
weeping and mourning. 



Abez. The city of Cotton, of tiresome labour, of low wages, 
dark and muddy, the Manchester of Judea. (See Calniet's 
Dictionary for the authority, as also for the general autho- 
rities of this Dictionary.) 

Abiah or Abijah. The .Father God, or God the Father — 
The law or will of necessity — The Physical system of the 
universe — The tyrant ignorance of physical power, to be 
relieved from which the Israelites sought a king, but find- 
ing still a tyrant power of evil spirit in their ignorant king, 
they had no relief from their grievances, until Christ, Shiloh, 
and Solomon came as the Spirit of Liberty and Prince of 
Peace and Abundance, arising from wisdom and the King 
or Spirit of Eighteousness. Hence was or rather is to be 
built, a Church of Christ, and temple of God the Holy 
Ghost — The true Masonic Temple. 

Abialbon. God the Father, &c— The Creator — The Build- 
ing Father — The Father of the Lord Jesus Christ, or of In- 
telligence, Mind, v Soul, Spirit. 

Abiathar. God the Father, as the Father of the excellent 
and risen Christ — The Holy Spirit, as a High Priest, Lofty 
Teacher, and successor oi Aaron. 

Abida. God the Father, as the Omniscient, or Father of 
Knowledge. (Without God the Father there could be no God 
the Son : without a thing to be known, there could be no know- 
ledge of the thing. Re that hath ears, let him hear. Hence 
the meaning of the material system of the universe, as eternal, 
and of immateriality, of the soul, as immortal.) 

Abinan. God the Father, as the Father of the Son, Soul, 
or Judgment. 

Abigail. God the Father's Wife, or joy, from whom was 
born Daniel, the Son, or Judgment of God. 

Abihail. God the Father, as Lord of Hosts, of Strength, 
of Pr aise, of Glory. 

Abihu. God the Father, &c. 



Abijam. God the Father, as Father of the Sea, or the 
dative and productive power of water. (The sense in which 
mc spirit of God moved on the face of the waters or the 
deep.) 

Abimael. The Messiah or Sent from God the Father. 
Abimalech. God the Father, as the Royal or Kingly 
Father. 

Abinadab. God the Father, as Father of a Covenant or 
Vow, of Moral Law and a Free-minded People, such as the 
Israelites. 

Abinoam. God the Father, as the Father of Beauty, and 
its Vanity and Weakness without Deborah or Wisdom, the 
Minerva and Pallas of the Sacred Scriptures. 

Abishag. God the Father's Ignorance, or a Married 
Maiden. 

Abiskai. God the Father, as the Father of the Sacrifice or 
Messiah. 

Abishua. God the Father, as the Father of the Crucified 
Saviour, crying, Eli Eli Lama Sabacthani* 
Abitub* God the Father, as the Good God, 
Abiud. God the Father, as the Glorious God, 
Abner. God the Father, as the Father of Light, of the Son, 
the Lord Jesus Christ. 

Abram, Abraham. God the Father, as the Father of Isaac, 
the Sacrifice ; God the Holy Spirit, as the High ana Elevated 
Father or Teacher of the Spirit of the Children of Israel. The 
same as the Incarnation of the Brama of the Hindoos. The 
Father of the two Covenants. As Abraham, the spiritual fa- 
ther of all nations. 

Adam. God the Father, as the progenitor of Jesus Christ 
The First in relation to the Second Birth of man. The earthly, 
physical, or parental birth. Tha passions, as distinct from the 
Reason or Christ. % The blood-life of man, which must be crtv- 
cified to be Christianized. The first man and woman united—*- 



The first born of the sea or of water. The first parent of the 
human mind. 

AdonibezeJc. God the Father, in relation to the powers of 
the Electric Fluid or Lightning. 

AdoniJcam, The Eesurrection of the Lord, or the return of 
Israel from the Captivity of Mystery to Science. 

Adoniram. The ascension of the Lord or the triumph of 
Christ over death, hell, and captivity. 

AdonizedeJc. The same as Malchisedec, the Lord or King 
of Eighteousness, Justice, Mercy, and Peace. 

Ahaz. The imaginative power of the human mind, that is 
made up of visions, and that leads to nothing but idolatry 
and superstition. 

Ahasiah. The same as Ahaz — a false worship of God. 

Ahia?n, Ahiah, Akijah. James, the Brother of the Lord 
— the Brother of the Mother — the Brother of the Sea — the 
Brother or Friend of the nation. 

Ahiezer. Brotherly help, counsel, or assistance. 

Ahihud. Brotherly union, strength, and joy. 

Ahikam. Brother of resurrection, that restores the long- 
lost Eevelation of the law and the Gospel. 

Ahimaz. The beautiful counsel of a Brother. 

Ahiman. The ready strength of a Brother's right hand. 

Ahimelech. The Eoyal Brother. 

Ahimoth. The Brother dead, or whose days are spent. 

Ahinadab. The liberal Brother, with princely offerings. 

Ahinoam. The Daughter of Ahimaaz, or the beauty of 
the united counsel of brother and sister, or of man and wife. 
— As the wife of Saul, motioned or counselled evil. — As the 
wife of David, motioned or counselled good, love, and peace. 

Ahira. An evil Brother. 

Ahisamach. A Brother that supports and strengthens. 

AhitovheL A brother of evil counsel. 

Ahitvfo. A good Brother. 



Amalek. An ignorant, irritable, quarrelsome, and fighting 
people. 

Amariah. The Word or Lamb of God. 

Amasa, A mashed. The working people, or tax and tribute 
payers ; the oppressed people. 

AmmieL A people of God as a wise people. 

Ammishaddai. An almighty people revolting against op- 
pression. 

Ammon. The people of any country. 

Amos. A people strong to bear a burden. 

Amraphel. A judge that speaks of hidden things. 

Anammelech. The choral answer of the King in Council. 

Ananias. The dark cloud or power of divination 

Anath. The song of poverty and affliction. 

Anaviah. Affliction or crucifixion of the Lord. 

Angel. An intellectual messenger of the Holy Spirit. De- 
stroijing Angel signifies error and superstition, as to the mind ; 
disease as to the body. 

Ani, TJni. Poor or afflicted. A musician that answers. 

Areli, Ariel. The light of God on the altar; figu- 
ratively, the Lion of God„ Judah, the sixth n of the 
Zodiac. 

Aretas. The pleasure of virtue. 

Aridai, Aridath, Arisai. The sons of Hainan, signifying 
me state of mind that is accused before or bv the Lord's Peo- 
ple, the Jews or Israelites. 

Arimathea. The light of the death of the Lord. 

Armageddon. The high and mighty revelation of the 
Gospel. The last battle to be fought among mankind, as 
the bringing in of Jerusalem, or a city as a state of 
Deace. 

Arnans Arnon. The sacred light of God the Son : the se- 
cret thing contained in the ark ? the Law and the Gospel ; still 
waiting for revelation. ' , 



Arpad. The light of redemption. 

Arphaxad. A Healer, a Worshipper, one that cultivates tbe 
Health both of body and mind ; an Israelite, a Jew, a Christian, 
as one and the same state of mind. 

Asa. A physician, a teacher, healer or curer of body and 
soul. 

Asahel, Asaiah. The teaching and creating power of mind, 
as God the Son. 

Asaph. A collector of Psalms, of Hymns, Songs, and 
Music. 

Asarelah. The Druidical worshippers of the oak, as em- 
blematical of the strength and eternity of God. 

Aseroth. The rural worship of false gods. 

Ashbel. The expiring fire of old age. 

Asher. Happiness as blessedness. 

Ashtemoth. The perfect man of intellectual fire. 

Ashnath. The morality of human nature. 

Asiiur. The fire of liberty, or of a free mind, or a free 
people. 

AsieL The strength of God, the Goat of the Lord ? or the 
twelfth sign of the Zodiac, December. 

Askebon. 'That which is weighed and found wanting ; that 
which is infamous. 

Asmodeus. The Devil or Principle of Evil, as a consuming 
or destroying fire. 

Asrael, Asriel. The beatitude and strength of a perfect in- 
tellectual mind. 

Athaliah. The time of the Lord, or of an Intelligent people 
to remove their oppressors. 



B. 



Baal. The Sun, the Lord. 

Baal-berith. The Lord of the C> 'enant. 



Batdidn .. The Lord or Master of Knowledge. 

Baal-shalissa. The Trinity in Unity. 

Babylon. Mystery, Confusion, Captivity. 

Bahalhanan. The grace or gift of God ; that which is agreo- 
nlle to God. 

Balaam. A Priest, an Elder. 

Baladan, The Lord God, as ripeness of judgment. 

Balak. The Destroyer. 

Bani. The Son to build the Temple of Knowledge. (A 
masonic name.) 

Baptism. In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and 
of the Holy Ghost — Is, first, to dip into Nature, or God the 
Father, for physical science, of which water is the symbol. 
The second is to dip into Jesus Christ, as the Fountain of mo- 
ral science, of which water is still the symbol. And the third 
is to dip into the Holy Ghost, for intellectual, oratorical, pro- 
phetic and poetic inspiration, of which fire is the symbol. 
Hence Baptism by water is symbolical of infant and adult edu- 
cation, and Baptism by fire signifies inspiration, or the highest 
intellectual attainment of the Holy Ghost, belonging not 
to the many called, fc* all are called ; but to the well-organized 
few that are chosen. 

Barak. God the Father/ as Jupiter Tonans, the Thun- 
derer — Hence the meaning of the phrase, " The stars in their 
courses fought against Sisera," 

Bathsheba. Daughter of an Oath, and Mother of the Prince 
of Peace and Wisdom. 

Bathsliua. Daughter of Salvation. 

Beeliada. A Master of Science. 

Belshazzar: Master of Sacred Treasures. 

Benaiah. The Son of the Lord, or understanding of the* 
Lord. 

Benjamin. The accumulated streiuno of painful labour 
Son of the Kig\, * *Iand. 



Beninu. Sons, Intelligent Architects or Masons, 

Beraiah. The ripeness of the Lcrd. 

Besodiah. The sacred counsel of the Lord. 

Besor. Evangelization or Incarnation. 

The Hebrew Beth may be taken throughout as signifying 
Temple, School, House, or State of mind, 

Bethabara. The Temple. School, or House of Passage 
from one to another state of" mind. It signifies also a place 
of passage through water, as the baptism of John beyond 
Jordan. 

Bethachara. The House of Knowledge, or of the Vine- 
yard in the sense in which Christ is the true vine of the hu- 
man mind. 

Bethcuiath, Bethany. The House of Affliction r of Rumin- 
ation, of Song and Praise. 

Betharabah. The House of Safety and Caution in tne 
Night. 

Bethazmaveth. The strong House of Death — of the physi- 
cal law of necessity. 

Bethaven. The House of Women with Child, and of them 
that sing from joy. 

Bethaven. The House of Vanity, Iniquity, and Trouble. 

Bethbarah. The House of the Son, or of the Bread of 
Life. 

Bethbasa The House of Confusion and Shame. 

Bethbirei. The House of God, the Creator or mind, of 
health, and choice. 

Bethca. The House of the Lamb of God, of Knowledge. 
Bethdagon. The House of God, that creates, increases, 
and multiplies the loaves and the fishes for human sus- 
tenance . 

Betheked. The House of Shepherds, or of a virtuous and 
scientific priesthood. 

BBkd The House of God. 



Bethesda. The House of the effusion of the spirit of 
mercy. 

Bethgamu'i. The House of Separation and Reward. 

Bet/ianan. The House of Grace, Mercy, and Gift, in the 
intellectual sense. 

Bethlehem. The House or Birth-place of the Bread of Life , 
Jesus Christ. 

Bethmillo. The House of Plenitude and Reflection — the 
fulness of the Holy Ghost. 

Bethnimrah. The House of B.itterness and Rebellion, 

Bethogla. The House of Festivity. 

Bethoron. The House of an Indignant People asserting 
their liberty against the tyrant and oppressor 

Bethpalet. The House of Deliverance. 

Bethpazzez. The House of Division among the people. 

Bethpage. The House of Meeting. 

Bethrapha. The House of Medicine or of Health. 

Bethshalisha. The House of the Holy Trinity. 

Bethshemesh. The Temple of the Sun Worshipped as 
God. 

Bethzecha. A Prison or House of Fetters and Chains. 

Bethzur. The House of the Lord, built on a rock. The 
House of Peter. 

Bazaleel. The shadow of God. 

Bildad. Old Friendship. 

Bilhah. Old and Fading ; an old maid. 

Boaz. Strength, F'rmness. 

C, 

Cain. The evil principle of Envy or Jealousy. 
Caiphas, Cephas. A Student of the Sciences — the rock y( 
science on which the Church of Christ be built, 
Canaan. A Land of Merchants. 



Capernaum, The Field of Unity of Mmd or City of Com- 
fort, One of Robert Owen's communities when prac- 
ticable. ' 

Carchemist. The Lamb of God or Messiah. 

Carmel. Tfc^ Circumcision of the Lamb or Baptism by 
water. 

Chebar. Force, Strength, physical power of ignorance. 

Cher an. The Lamb of Knowledge. 

Chora zim. A Secret or Mystery. 

CosbL A Liar, 

D. 

Dugon. The Fish God, Jonah, Joannes or John the Bap- 
tist, the teacher of the arts and sciences. 

Dan. Judgment. 

Daniel. Judgment of God. 

Dardu. House of Knowledge. 

Darius. A Student. 

Dathan. Law or Rites. 

David. Well-beloved, Dear, the Love of the Father for the 
Son, as physical love ; or rather of the Son for the Father, as 
intellectual love, 

Debir. The Word, or a City of Letters. 

Deborah. Wisdom, the Jewish or Israelitish Minerva. 

Delilah. Consumption of Intellectual Strength and Glory, 
improper attention to the sex. A waste and destruction of 
brain of the wise and strong man. 

Deuel. Knowledge of God. 

Dibon. Understanding — Abundance of Knowledge — a 
Building up of the Temple of the Lord and of the Holy Ghost 
in the human mind. 

Dibongad. A Tribe of Intelligent People, intellectually 
equipped at all points. 



xvh 

Ihbri. The Word of the Lot*. 

Dinah. Judgment. 
Dorda. Generation of Knowledge 

Dura. Generation. 



Ebal. The Decay of Age. 

Eden. The Garden of Pleasure and Delight; a Paradise 
which all the earth may be made, when human history shall be 
freed from the trammels of superstitious priests and ignorant 
kings. 

Eglan. Ignorance; the oppressor of the Spirit Israel. 
Bull-eyed. 

Egypt. In relation to the Spiritual Israel, the land of bon- 
dage and oppression ; something like the original sin or igno- 
rance of the human mind. 

Ehud. Knowledge — Praise — the deliverance of Israel from 
ignorance, bondage and oppression. 

Eladah, Elead. The eternal witness, that God the Father**, 
a system of prey and necessity as well as of creation, the C-rt- 
tor, Preserver, Destroyer. 

Elai. The Almighty God the Father. 

Eldaah, Ellada. Science, or Knowledge of God. 

Elealeh. God's Ascension. 

Eleasah. The work of God 

Elcazar, Eliezer. Help or Counsel of God. 

Ethanan. Grace, Gift, or Mercy of God. 

Eliab. God the Father. 

Eliaba. The Shield of God. 

Eliah, Elijah, Elias. The Lord God 01 G«?ci I 

Necessity. 

Eliakim. The Resurrection or God. 

P. Ill- 14 



XViil. 

Eliam. The God of the People — or thfe People of Goat 
Knowledge, the power of the people. 

Eliasaph. The Accumulating, Perfecting, or Finishing 
God. 

Ella sib. The God of Conversion. 

ELiathah. The Advent of God. 

Elidad, Eldad. Same as David, the love or favour oi 
God. 

Eliel. The Strength of God. 

Elloreph. The Power of God the Father m the season oi 
winter. 

Elimelech. God the King, or Council of God. 

Eliajiai, Elihoenai, My tears fall towards the Lord. 

Eliphal, Eliphaleh, Eliphaleth, The miraculous or admira- 
ble deliverance or judgment of God. 

Elisha, Elishah, Ellshua. God the Saviour — Liberty — 
Freedom— The Lamb of God, that taketh away the sins of the 
world. 

Elishama, God Hearing. 

Elshaphat. God Judging. 

Elishur. The Rock, Strength, or Church of God, founded 
on physical and moral science, 

Elihiid. The Glory, Praise, or Knowledge of Go J. 

Elizaphan. The hidden yet beholding God. 

Elkanah. The zeal of God. 

Elkoth. God the Father — necessity. 

Elmodam. The God of Mathematics. 

E'ihanam. The God of Beauty — Adonis 

Elnathan. The Gift of God 

Elpaal. The Work of God. 

Elteketh. The Ark, Shield, or Armour of God 

Eltekon. The witness or Assurance of Go*. 

Eltolad. Generation of God. 

Eluzai The Strength of God, Force Necessity. «*s o 



God the Father — persuasion, choice, liberty, as of God the 
Son. 

Elxabad. An Endowment from God 
Enaim. The Fountains of Tears. 
* Enan. The Tricks of Mystery and Priestcraft. 

Endor. Fountain, Habitation, or Eye of Generation. 
Eneglaim. Round or Bull-eyed ; which the phrenologists 
call the Organ of Language. 

Engannim. A garden Fountain. 
Engastrimuthi, Ventriloquists. 
Engedi. Goat-eyed, Happy. 
Enhaddah. Clear-eyed, Joyful 
Enoch. Perfected in Discipline. 
Enon. Dark or Clouded-eye. 
Enos. Mortality of Man. 

Epher, Ephra, Ephron. Ashes, Dust, Earth, or vegetable 
mould. 

Ephlal. To Pray for Judgment — to Seek Knowledge,- as a 
qualification for Judgment. 

Ephraim. The Growth of Fruit or Vegetating Power. 
Esau. To Do, Act, or Finish. 
Esdras, Ezra. Help or Aid of the Court. 
Eskbael, Ishbosheth. The Heat or Fire of the Sun. 
Eshban. The Fire of Intelligence, or the Builder of the 
Temple of the Holy Ghost 
Eshek. Violence or Calumny. 

Eshtaol. The strong woman — Debora — Minerva, the fire of 
the labour of prayer or knowledge seeking. 

Esther, The Secret or Healing Power of knowledge. 
Etham, Ethanim, Ethnan or Ethni. The Strength, Spirit, 
or Gift of Prophecy. 

Eve. Living, Life or Enlivening, the parent of life, the 
desire of the physical man, Adam. 
Erbon. One who is eager to Learn. 



Ezckiel. The Strength of God in the Spirit of Propnecy. 
Ezrahite. One who has Risen, or Returned from 
Captivity. 

G. 

Gaal. An Abomination 

Gabriel. The Strong Man or Messenger of God. 

Gad, Gaddi, Gidgad. Happily armed and prepared to Fight 
the Battles of Israel. 

Gaddicl. Goat of God or oi the Zodiac. 

Gamaliel. The Recompense or Reward of God. 

Gedaliah. The Greatness and Glory of the Lord. 

Gemariah. Perfection of the Lord. 

Gideon. A Destroyer of Errors. 

Gilboa. A Revolution or Overthrow of the mind. 

Gilead. The Heap or Mass of Testimony. 

Gilgal. A Circle of Testimony for the Covenant. 

Giloh. A Revealer of Secrets. 

Girgashites, Gergesenes. Pilgrims. 

Golgotha. A Skull, the Crucifixion of Christ incarnate, 
with five wounds, mythoiogically signifies the expansion of the 
skull, of the living human being, more particularly in the fore- 
head, through the best use that can be made of the five 
senses. 

Goliath. Captivity, or a Passage and Revolution from 
Bondage, accomplished by a Prince or Saviour of Israel. 

Gomer. Perfection. 

Gomorrha. A Revolting and Rebellious People. 

GueL The Redemption of the Crucifixion. 

• II. 

Habbahuk. The Embracer or Wrestler with the Lord 
Habazaniah. The Hiding of the Lord's Shield. 



Haba'ah. The Hidden Love and Affection of the Lord. 

Hachaliah. Waiting for the Lord. 

Ha gar. Rumination — Mount Sinai. 

Haggai. Festivity. The Dance of the Circle. 

Human. He that Conspires for Evil. 

HamueL The Anger of God the Father. 

Hanameely Hananeel, Hananiah, Haniel, &c. The Graep 
and Mercy of God. 

Hannah. The Giver of Good Things. 

Hareth. The Refuge of Freemen. 

Hasadiah. Mercy of the Lord. 

Hashabiah. Account or Reckoning with the Lord. 

Hashabnah. Haste of the Intelligent. 

Hazael. One who Sees God. 

Heber, Hebrew. A Companion or Associate in the Ancient 
Mysteries, of the first degree. 

Heshbon. Invention, Industry, or Thought. 

Hezekiah. Strength ©f the Lord. 

Hiram. The height of intellectual life and Liberty. 

Hodaiah, Hodavlah The Praise or Confession of the Lorn* 

Hor, Hur. Conception of Idea. Liberty. 

Hose a. Saviour. 

Hoshaiah. God the Saviour. 

Hiddah. The world. 



Jabin. He that Buildeth on Understanding. 

Jabneel. Understanding of God. 

Jachin. To Establish in Wisdom. 

Jacob. A Supplanter by pursuit of KnoWifcdgfc* 

Jada. Knowing, Skilful. 

Jadiael. Science or Knowledge of Gc*L 

Juhaziah. Vision of the Lord. 



JahdieL The Unity of God. 

J air. Brightness, Enlightenment. 

Jamnia. The Right-hand, or Understanding of God, 

J>jpneth. Extension of Mind by Persuasion. 

Japhia. That which Enlightens or Teaches. 

Jarib, Joiarib. He that Disputes or Pleads * an Advocate. 

Jathniel. Gift or Recompense of God. 

Jattir. He who Excels by Examination and Research. 

Ibnah, Ibneiah. Understanding or Building of God. 

Jecamiah, Jelioiakim, Joachim. Resurrection of the Lord. 

Jecoliah. Consummation of the Lord. 

Jeconiah, Jehoiachin. Preparation or Strength of the Lord. 

Jehoadah, Jedaiah, Joladah. Science or Knowledge of the Lord, 

Jehoasah, Josiah. The Fire of the Lord. 

T ehosadak. The Justice of the Lord 

T eoshaphat. The Judgment of the Lord 

Jehu. God Himself. 

Jchubbah. The Hidden or Sacred Love of the Lord. 

Jehucal. The Infinity and Eternity of God. 

Jehud. He that Praises, in the sense in which Praise is the 
benefit and result of Prayer or Pursuit of Knowledge, To 
praise one must know. 

Jehud L God is my Praise — God is my Knowledg 

Jehudijah. The Praise or Knowledge of the Lord. 

Jeiel, Jeuei. The Devil ; one driven from the presence or 
knowledge of the Lord, by Error, Idolatry, Superstition, and 
its consequent wickedness. 

Jekameam, Jokmeam. The Resurrection, Insurrection, and 
Vengeance of an enlightening people on superstitious Priests 
and Tyrants. 

Jekuthiel. Hope in God, or in an assembly of Wise Men, 
as the People of God. 

Jemima. The Beauty of the Day. 

JerahmeeL Mercy of God. 



XX 111 

Jeremiah. An Inspired Man ; like Aaron, a lofty, moux> 
tainous, or elevated teacher — tho distinction and office ot the 
Holy Ghost. 

Jeriah, Je r iel eruel, Irijah. The Protection or design ot 
the Lord. 

J tribal. An Advocate or Partisan. 

Jericho. The Moon. 

Jeroboam. The Opposer and Oppressor of the People, ty 
cause of schism and dissension, through Idolatry and Super 
Vition. 
• Jerubbaal. The Advocate of Baal. 

erubeshefh. Let the Idol of Confusion, the Mystery, 
Letter and supposed human History of the Bible defend 
itself. 

Jerusalem. Vision of the perfect or of real Jews. The 
City of Peace that is hoped for by wise and good men, to arise 
out of the improvement toward perfection of the human race by 
scientific education. Its more secret or masonic meaning is, 
that it is the peaceful bosom of a Jew, or of a spiritual and sci- 
entitic man. 

Jesaiah, Jeshaiah, Jeshua, Joshua, Jehoshuah, Jesse, Jesus, 
Isaiah. With a multitude of other names, ail alike signi- 
fying the Healing, Cure, or Salvation of Mankind by 
Science. 

Jether, Jethro. Excellence acquired by Examination bmo. 
Searching. 

JeusJi. A Leprous or Scorbutic Man. Some of the An- 
cients, in contempt, called the Jews by this name. 

Jew. The original meaning of the name and distinction of 
Jew was that of a wise and perfect man, by devotion to science. 
The word is of the same meaning as Jehovah — literally, it is 
&* ftcd of man. The Ho ] y Ghost or inspired Spirit of 
man, 

Jezamiah. Attention to tne LortL 



hzchel. An Idolatrous Church Symbolised by Feminir 
Vices. 

Jezraiah. The Solar Rays, or the Brightness of the Loro 
Physically Symbolised. 

Immanuel. God with us. 

India. Praise, Law, Knowledge the original Judea. 

Job. He that suffers — Christ Crucified. Dramatic personi* 
fication of principle, such as persona, by sound, through me- 
tallic tubes, or ventriquolism, the hollow and varied speaking 
of the belly. The whole sum, substance and meaning of the 
appearances, voice, and sight of God, in the Sacred Scrip- 
tures. 

Joelah. The Teacher that removes the Curse of Igno- 
rance. 

JoglL The Joy of Revelation. 

JohaJi. The Vivifier, by Second Birth or Intellectual Life. 

John, Johanan. The Grace, Gift, Love, or Mercy of the 
Lord. 

John Baptist. The Fish or Water God, that taketh away 
the Sins, Original Sin, or Ignorance of the World, leaving the 
man a Hebrew. Jesus is the Lamb like innocence, or suffer- 
ing patient God, that taketh away the sin or ignorance of man- 
kind, leaving man an Israelite. And the Holy Spirit is the 
God of Intellectual Fire, that purges the remaining sin, puri- 
fies and perfects the holy man, the Hebrew, Israelite, Jew, or 
Christian. 

Jokdcam. The Captivity of the People. 

JoJctheel. The Union and Assembly of the People. 

Jonadab. A Liberal Prince. 

Jonathan. The Gift of Prophecy from the Lord. 

Jordan. The River of Judgment, So that Baptism in tise 
Waters ot Jordan meant intellectual trial by witnesses anc 
judgment. An examination of a student by competent teacher 
or examiners. 



Joseph, -Jasiphiah. Intellectual increase and addiuon, 

JosJiabad. Endowed by the Lord. 

^ushbekashah. A Student. 

Joshaviah. The Equity, Justice and Equality of the 
Lord. 

Joshibiah. The Return of the Lord, or Lord's People, from 
Captivity. 

Jotha/n. Perfection of the Lord's People. 



Irpeel. The Health or Physic of God. Tuition. 

Isaac. Laughter or Joy for the Birth of Salvation. 

Iscariot. The Wages of Sin and Death. 

Ishbak. Empty, Exhausted, and Abandoned. 

Ishbosheth. The Man of Sin or Shame, who retardeth Know- 
ledge by Idolatry and Vice. 

IsfnnacL God that Hears. 

Jshmaiah. To Hear and Obey the Lord. 

Ishtob. A Good Man. • 

Ismachiah. United to and supported by the Lord. 

Israel. The man that sees God by Wrestling, Prayer, 
Knowledge Seeking. The Princely Power of Knowledge. 

Issachar. Price, Recompense, or Wages. 

Ithiel, Ittai. Sign of the Advent of God 

Judah, Judas, Judith, &c. Praise by Knowledge. 

Judea. The Land of Knowledge, the same as India, ap- 
plies to the whole continent of Asia, or land of fire and happi- 
ness, as first enlightened with intellectual fire. Its application 
to Syria and Palestine has been but an abuse of the word ? 
within the last 2000 years. Its more secret or sacred meaning 
is, that it is the cultivated human body, the body of a real or 
spiritual Jew. 



Izrahiah. The Rising or Brightness of the Lord , 
Israel, JezreeL The Seed of God. 

K. 

Kabzeel. Congregation of God. 

Kadmiel. The Artiquity or Eternity of God. 

Karta, Kiriath. The City or Place of a Lecture 

Kedar. Biack. 

Kelaiah, Kolaiah. The Voice of the Lord. 

Kiberothavaliy Kiberothattaavah. The Graves of Lust. 

Kirjathsepher, Kirjathdebir. The City of Letters, ot 
Words, or of Books. 

Kashaiah. The Chaining of the Lord, exemplified in tie 
tragedy of " Promethus Bound," by Eschylus. 



Laadan. The Pleasure that Devours or Destroys Judgment, 
exemplified in the story of Sampson and Delilah 
Laban. White. 

Lamech. Poor, Low, Stricken, Miserable. 
Leah. Painful, Wearied. 
Lemuel, God with Him. 

Letushim. Working Men" of the Hammer or of Metals. 
Levi, Under the Tie of Religion. 
Leummim. Gentiles, without the Living Waters. 
Lot. Sacred or Secret. 



M 

Machbanai, Machbenah, My Poor Son — or the Death 01 
ihe Builder. The Word of the Master Mason in Freemasonry, 



on the death of Hiram AbifT. 

Machir. He that sells his Knowledge. 

Machpelah. Of Double Meaning — Sacred — a meaning shut 
up in an allegory or mystery. 

Madmannah. The Mathematics. 

Madon. A Debate. 

Magdalen, Migdalel. Of Magnificent Intellect. Tower of 
Intellect — Lofty Forehead — Name of the Lamb written 
there. Proof of Ancient Knowledge of Phrenology. Greatly 
misused, when applied to the signification of a once lewd 
woman. 

Magdiel. He who Publishes, by Proclamation, that God 
or Science is the most precious fruit of human life 

Magi. Interpreters of Sacred Mysteries — they who apply 
themselves to the study of sacred things. 

Mahalaleel. The Illumination and Praise of God. 

Mahath, Mehida. He that Blots Out or Suppresses Know- 
ledge, or that conceals knowledge in an enigma, mystery, or 
dark saying. 

Mahazioth. One who sees a Sign or Spirit in the Letter of 
Sacred Scripture. 

Makkedah. Elevation by Prayer or Knowledge Seeking. 

Malachi. My Angel or Messenger. The Spirit of the 
Word. The Holy Spirit. 

Malchiah, Malchiel, Malcliijah, Melchiah. The Lord is 
my ruler. 

Malchiram. My King or Lord is Exalted, 

MalcJiishua. My Saviour is a King. 

Mallothi. Fulness of Language. The Bull-eye of the 
Phrenologists. Full of the Holy Ghost. 

Mammon. Avarice, Desire, Riches. 

Mamre. Bitter Rebellions. 

Mananem, Menahem. The Comforter — the Holy Spirit. 

Manasseh. Forgetfulness of GodL 



xx vm 

Manhu, Manna. What is this ? It is the food of Angels. 
The Immaterial Bread of Life. The Intellectual food of aq 
Israelite. The Body of Jesus Christ, as intellectually eaten hv 
all disciples and communicants. 

Maralah, Meremoth, Merome. The Bitterness of the Cruci - 
fixion of Jesus Christ. 

Maranatha. The Lord comes. 

Marie. Polite Learning. 

Martha, The Cares and Bitterness of Teaching. 

Maschil. An Instructor or Teacher 

Mattaniah, Mattathias. Gift, Hope, or expectation of the 
Lord. 

Matthew. A Gift of God. 

Mebunnai. A Building by Understanding, as the Temple of 
Solomon or of the Holy Ghost must be built in the human 
body. 

ehujael. Smitten of God. 

MejarTcon. Stagnant Water, stagnant state of the Human 
Mind. 

Mekonah. The Foundation on which to build an under- 
standing. 

Melatiah. The Deliverance of the Lord. 

Melchisedec. The Messiah, Jesus Christ, King of Righte- 
ousness, and Prince of Peace. A masonic order of the Holy 
Ghost in the Ancient Mysteries, into which the Hebrews were 
a first initiation. 

Memra. The Word of God. Hence our words memory* 
memorial, memorandum, as things of the mind. 

Merab. He that Debates or Multiplies Arguments. 

Meraiah, Meraioth, Merari. The Bitterness of Provoca- 
tion and Rebellion toward the Lord. 

Meroz. Secret, Mystery, by Letter — Adversary of the 
Lord, " Curse ye Meroz/ 7 curse it ; for it has been a curse to 
you. 



Mesha, Messa, Meshach, Messiah, Moshe, Moses, Myses, 
as Bacchus. Words of the same meaning, signifying taken out 
of the Water, Saviours of Israel or Salvation. Yes, another 
name of Bacchus, the I. H. S of our altar-pieces, in Greek 
Letter, is Jesus, Son of the Virgin Mary, mythologicaliy to be 
understood as the Saviour born from the Virgin Sea or Water 
perpetual parturiting Virgin, and theologically or spiritually as 
the Baptism of Water, or Salvation, passing through the Bap- 
tism of the Holy Ghost or of Fire, to perfect the man for all 
spiritual offices. Alas ! how few are now truly called by the 
Holy Ghost. 

Michah, Michael, Macaiah. Who is like to God for Hu- 
mility and Strength ? 

Michnas. The place where the Poor are heavily Taxed. 
England at present is Michmas. 

Miriam, Mary, Maria. Lady or Mistress of the Sea. The 
Virgin Water Impregnated by the Spirit of God. The Spirit 
or power of Teaching.' 

Misham. The Saviour of the People. 

Mispar. An Accountant or Book-keeper. 

Mithredath. He that Explains or Meditates upon the 
Law. 

Mordecai. One, who by Humility and Repentance, learns 
to become a Teacher. 

Moriah. A place whereon to teach the Doctrine and Fear 
of the Lord. 

Moseroth. The Discipline and Order of Erudition 

N. 

Naam, Naa?nan. The power of Beauty to move the 
feelings. 

Naamathite. Beauty that moves to Death. 
Naashon. Their Auguries. 



Nabnl. A Fool, Senseless. 

Naham, Nahunu The Consolation of Repentance. 

Naomi. Beautiful. 

Naphish. The Growing Soul. 

NaptkalL That Argues by Comparison, 

Nathan. A Giver. 

Nathanael. Gift of God 

Nebajoth, Naboth. Words of Prophecy, 

Neballbt. A Sacred Prophet that Prophesies in a Riddle 

Nebusashban. Words of Prophecy that expand the Mind. 

Nedabiah. The good pleasure of the Lord, 

Nehemiah. The Consolation of the Repentance of the 
Lord. 

Neiel. Motion of God. 

Nemuel, Jamitel. God that Sleeps, or Sleep of God. 

Neriah. Light or Land of the Lord. 

Nethaniah. Gift of the Lord. 

Neziah. The Strength and Victory of Neeessi* the 
Eternal. 

Nibhaz. To prophesy. 

Nicodemus, Nicolas. Victory of the People. 

NimrocL Rebellion against the Lord — Tyranny, Despotism. 

Nineveh. An agreeable dwelling. 

Noadiah. The Witness or Testifier of the Lord. 

Noah. The Righteous Man that Saves Himself frara the 
Common Idolatry and Superstition. 

Nob. Discourse or Prophecy. 

Nod. A Vagabond. 

Nun. A Son. 



Obadiah. A Student, Teacher, or Servant c: tne Lord. 
Obed. A Servant, 






Oboth Spirits of Python or False Oracles. 

Og. A Cake. 

Oman. One that Rejoices in the Light of the Son of 

'Mhniely The Time or Hour of God. 

P. 

Pagiel. Prayer of God. 

Petal. That Prays to Judge. 

Paltiel, Pelatiah, Phalti. Deliverance or Flight of God. 

Pashur. The Growth and Increase of Popular Liberty. 

Pedahzur. Saviour, Rock of Redemption. 

Pedahel. Redemption of God. 

Pedaiah. Redemption of the Lord. 

Pekahiah. The Lord that opens the eyes to Give Liberty. 

Pe/aiah. Miracle, Mystery, or Secret of the Lord. 

Velaliah. Who thinks on, Meditates or Prays to, the 
Lord. 

Peleg. Division. 

Peniel, Penuel, Phanuel. Vision or Sight of God. 

Peter, Petra. Rock. See Caiphas, Cephas, &c. 

Pethahiah. The Opening of the Gates of the Lord 

Pathuel. Mouth, Word, or Persuasion of God. 

Pharodh. The Devil, the Spoiler. 

Phinehas. Prospect of Protection. 

Phlegon. A Burning Zeal. 

Phut. Prayer, Knowledge-seeking, that leads to Grace. 

Pihahiroth. The Opening or Dawning of Liberty. 

Pilate. Armed with a Dart. Applied to Christ, signifies 
the Archer that shot him sore. The most ancient symbol of 
Crucifixion, of which sculptured mouments reman? ♦ 
Piwn. Opening the Mouth f .o Speak. 
Pispah, Shutting the Mouth for Silence. 



Pithon. The Persuasive Gift of Speech. 

Pockheretlu Violent Stopping of the Mouth — Tyranny. 

Pubaslhus. The Mouth of Contempt 

R. 

Raamich. The Thunder of the Lord. 

R,ab. Great. 

Rabbath, Rabbit It, Rubbolh. A Great Multitude, either of 
Errors or of People. 

Rabmagi A Destroyer or Overthrower of a Multitude of 
Errors ; or a People angrily espousing them. 

Raca. A Fool, Brainless. 

Rachel. Sheep of God. 

Raguel. Shepherd of God. 

Rarniah. Elevation or Sublimity of the Lord. 

Rapha. Medicine that relaxes. 

Raphael, Rephaiah. God's Physic applicable both to body 
and rnind. 

Ra.zis. Gospel, Secret, or Mystery of the Lord. 

Realiah. The Lord that Inebriates in the Sense of Inspira- 
tion ; making man the companion of the Lord. 

Rehabiah. God is my Limit. 

Rehoboam. The Prince who gives Liberty to the People. 

Remaliuh. The Crucifixion of the Lord.- 

Rephaim. Mental Giants, who administer medicine both to 
body and mind : Curers, Healers, such as the Therapeutic, the 
%st known Apostolical Christians by existing record. A True 
Christian is one of the Rephaim. 

Reseph. The Devil. 

Reuben. Vision of the Son, or the Son of Vision. 

ReueL Shepherd or Friend of God. 
Revelation. To find out the Secret of a Mystery, Allegory 
or Gospel. The Revelation is not in the Mystery, Allegory, or 



Gospel. It must be interpreted or found out. In relation to 
mind, it is passing out of an Exodus, or passover of ignorance, 
the coming in of new light or knowledge : a removal of the 
dark veil of ignorance. 

Ribai. A Disputer and Reprover. 

Kipath. Remedy or Medicine, Release or Pardon. 

Rogah, Glutted with Discourses and Meditations ; to be 
full of Grace, with Wine, as Noah, and with Fatness, as Re- 
bekah, &c. 

Ruth. Drunk with the Spirit, Satisfied. 



Sabacthani. Thou hast Forsaken or Sacrificed me. 

Sabaoth. Armies, Hosts ; in the intellectual sense, Argu- 
ments, Angels, Omniscience ; in the Astronomical sense, the 
planetary system of countless suns and stars. 

Sacrament. A Secret or Mystery to the mind that needs re- 
velation. • Revelation reduces all mysteries to plain, intelligible, 
and practical science. 

Safahy Selah. The Sent that is Spoiled with Darts. The 
Amen. The Consummation. The End. To stir and keep the 
Intellectual Fire Burnings 

Salathiel, ShealthieL Lent, Sent, or Borrowed from 
God. 

Salem, The Peace of God which passeth or proceedeth from 
understanding. The City of Shiloh or Jerusalem. 

Salissa, Shalisha, Shilsha. The Trinity in Unity. 

Salmon, The Reward of Peace and Perfection. 

Samson, The Sun — the Hercules of the Sacred Scriptures. 
The Strong Man brought low and made weak by a woman : 
one illustration of the Fall of Man. 

Sarah. Lady, Princess, Star, Brightness, Parent or Glory 
of the Sacrifical Isaac, or the Lord Jesus Christ. 

P. III. 15 C 



warned. Happiness of the People of God* 

Siiian. An Adversary or Accuser. 

Saul. The Evil Spirit of Uncultivated Ignorance, 

Semackiah. One who supports the Religion of the 
Lord. 

Sephar. Book, or Scribe, applicable to Letters or Fi- 
gures. 

Seraiah. The Princely Power of the Lord. 

Seraphim. Men of Burning or Shining Intellect. 

Sered. Suppression of Government ; Dispersion of Mo- 
narchal Authority ; Cutting off of the Line of Descent. 

Sheba. Captivity, or Human Ignorance. 

Shebam. Conversion, Improvement of Mind, or a People's 
Return from Captivity. 

Sheban. The Ignorance that holds a People Captive. 

Shebaniah. The Law or Power of Mind that Converts 
a People and Restores them from Captivity, Want, and De- 
gradation. 

Shebarim, Sheber. The Hopes of an Intelligent People In- 
surgent against the Ignorant Tyranny of mere Physical Power, 
in Government. 

Shebuel. Conversion, Return, or Rest, the Captivity of God. 

Skecaniah. The Inward Dwelling of the Lord. The same 
as Immanuel, or God within us. .The Peace of God, or of 
Cultivated Mind, which passeth all understanding. 

Shedei, Shaddai. Almighty Creator, Preserver, Destroyer. 
0od the Father, or Law of Nature and Necessity. God as & 
Consuming Fire. The Holy Spirit as a Consuming Intellectual 
Fire. 

Sheanah. The Dawning of the Lord's Day. 

Shekinah. The Divine Presence in the Tabernacle, or 
School for the Dispersion of Human Ig\i jiance. 

Shelemiah. The Peace, Happiness, and Perfection of the 
Lord, as Shecaniah. 



XXXV 

Shelomith, The Peace, Happiness, and Recompense ot 
Study. 

Shelumiel. The Peace of God, Immanuel, or Cultivated 
Mind in Man. 

Shemaiah. He that Hears and Obeys the Lord. 

Shemariah. The Care, Guardianship, and Protection or 
Providence of the Lord. 

Shemeber. The name and fame of that force and power 
which is merely physical ; to be Routed and Destroyed by the 
Intellectual Power of Abraham or the Holy Spirit. • 

Shtmida. Astronomy or the Science of the Heavens. 

Shemiramoth. The Name of the Most High, the Sun, 

Shemuel, Samuel. Received from, or Given by, God. 

Shephatiah. The Judgment of the Lord. 

Sherebiah. The Waste of Physical Energy, that drieth up 
the fountain of the Lord or of Intellect. 

Sheva. The vanity of Tumultuous Fame. 

Shibboleth. The Growth of the Ear of Corn, by the capil- 
lary attraction of water. 

Shibmah. Conversion, Removal of Ignorance, or Return 
from Captivity. 

Shicron. The Sin and Wages or Evil Consequences of, 
Drunkenness. 

Shiggawn. The Error of David or Love, an Excess of In- 
dulgence in Physical Pleasure, abative of Intellectual Power 
and Pleasure. 

Skihon. Thunder, Lightning, or the Voice of the Lord. 

Shiloh. Peace, Abundance, the first of which often De- 
ceives and Mocks, and makes insolent, 

Shobach, Shobai, Shobi, Shubael. Captivity, Conversion, 
Rest, and Return from Captivity. 

Shuam. The Humility that Meditates upon the Word. 

Shulamitc. The Recompense of Pacific Perfection. The 
Feminine Application of the word Solomon. 



xxxvl 

Siloam. The Fountain of the Water of Lite sent irom 
God. 

Simeon, Simon, Shimeon, §c. To Hear and Obey the Word 
of God. 

Solomon, Peace, Perfection, Recompense. 



Tabeal^ Good God. 
Tebaliah. Baptism of the Lord. 
Tina. That Searches and Examines. 
Tob-Adonljah, Tobiah. The Good God, or the Goodness of 
the Fountain of the Lord. 

Tophet. Wanting Understanding. 
Tubakairu Worldly Minded. 

V. 

Vaniah. Nourishment of the Lord. 



U. 

Ur, JJrL Fire, Light. 

Uriah, JJrijalu The Light of the Lord or Science. 

Urim and Thummim. Lights and Perfections. The Sum* 
ing and the Perfect. Doctrine and Judgment. Deciaialio* 
and Truth. The Law and the Gospel. 

Uz. Counsel. 

Uzzah. Strength. 

Tfzziah. Strength of the Loro, 

UstzieL Strength of God, 



z. 

Zaanannim. Dreamers. 

Zabdiah, Zabdiel, Zebadiah, Zebedee. The Dowry 01 Poruon 
of God. 

Zabud, Zebudah. A Portion or Dowry, one endowed. 

ZaccaL Pure, Clean, and Justified. The same as the name 
Catherine. 

Zacchur, Zichri. Memory. 

Zachariah, Zechariah. Memory of the Lord or Know- 
ledge. 

Zacher. Memory of Evil. 

Zadok. Justified. 

Zaham. Impurity. 

Zalmon, Zalmonah, Zalmunna. A Portrait or Image : the 
Idol Forbidden. Man-worship, or that which Prevails and 
Damages the Human Character and Condition, both in Politics 
and Religion. The Worship of God in Spirit and in Truth; is 
a Worship, Cultivation, Understanding, and Application of 
Principles, both in Politics and Religion ; for Men are Mortal, 
Fallible, and Weak; but Principles are Strong, Unchange- 
able, Immortal, and belong to the eternal Attributes of 
God. 

Zamzummin. Projectors of Crime, of Idolatry, Superstition, 
and all Wickedness. 

Zanoak. The Forgetfulness of Sleep. 

Zaphnath-Paaneah. The Saviour of the World, that Re- 
veals the Gospel, as a discovery of hidden things ; now verified 
in the Editor's state of mind. 

Zaphon. The Observer and Searcher of that which is 
Hidden. 

Zarah, Zorah. Leprous, Scabby. 

Zaraite. The Brightness of the East. 



Zarephath. The CruciLe of Criticism, that Purifies Lan- 
guage and Ideas. 

Zaresh-Shahar. The Blackness or Cloudy Pride of the 
(lornics:. 

Zebul, Zebulun. Habitation, Dwelling, Endowment. 

Zedekiah. The Justice of the Lord. 

ZekieL The Justice of God. An Angel of the First Order. 

Zeeb. A Wolf. 

Zephaniah. The Secret, Mystery, or Gospel of the 
Lord. 

ZepJwt, Zephatah. One that Beholds, Sees into, Uncovers, 
and Reveals a Secret or Mystery. 

Zerahiah. Brightness of the Lord in the East. 

Zercda, Zeredathah. The Ambush that accomplishes 
Change of Dominion or Descent of Rule. 

Zerubbabel. A Pilgrim, a Stranger or Exile at Babylon. A 
Captive Disperser of the Confusion of Mystery that returns 
to assist in a Re-building of the Temple. The Editor's Hint or 
Example to teach Masonry to Masons. 

Zeruiah. Crucifixion of the Lord. 

Zimmah. Evil Thought, Contrivance, or Crime. 

Zion. The Human Head Cultivated, to become the foun- 
dation of the Temple of the Lord, or the Fountain of Know- 
ledge. The only Dwelling-place of God. 

Ziphion. The Beholder and Re veal er of Secrets. 

Zipporah. Beauty. 

Zophim. An Audience in a Theatre attending to Religious 
/nstruction ; the most ancient mode of worship. 

Zuriel. Stone, Strength, or Rock of God. Physical and 
Moral Science. The same as Cephas, &c. 

Zurishaddai. The Almighty Rock of Physical and Moral 
Science on which the Catholic Church of Christ must be built, 
to triumph over the assaults of the adversary. The Masonic 
meaning of Building the Temple of Solomon. 



W ..h Ue help of this Table, the Masonic Reader must bear 
u, ulittd, that God, as the Father, is all the Outer world to 
*»&n ; and that God, the Son, the Word, lost, sought, or reco- 
vered, signifies various states of the human mind, and is alto- 
gether a possession of the human brain, as a spiritual being. 
The same is meant by Temple Building. The Perfect Mason 
finishes the Temple, and restores the Word in himself as a 
spirit ; and then God the Son, being a knowledge of God the 
Father, dwells within him. The Temple Destroyed is the 
Fall of Man. Such is the Word Lost. Calvary, on which the 
Word is crucified, signifies the uncultivated animal head of 
man. Zion, the Holy Hill, where God dwells, is the high, in- 
tellectual, and cultivated head of man, the Temple to be 
built by Science — Masonic Science. 

■RICHARD CAROLE. 



MANUAL OF FllEEMASOffRT. 

PART III. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE MASONIC DEGREE OF 
MARK MAN. 



The ceremony of opening the Lodge, as far as it goes, is 
precisely the same as in the Fellow Craft's degree, and would be 
superfluously printed. The catechism will be all that is neces- 
sary to explain the distinctions of the degree. The Masons call 
it a lecture ; but a lecture, in fact, is a discourse read, and 
not a catechism. 

CATECHISM. 

Worshipful Master, Brother Senior Warden, in what 
manner do we prepare our candidates in this degree ? 

Senior Warden. As a Fellow Craft, with the additional 
characteristic of this degree on his apron. 

W. M. W T hat is that characteristic ? 

S. W. The ten mathematical characters, to correspond with 
the nine figures and the cypher in arithmetic ; the signature of 
Hiram AbifF, and the mark of this degree. 

W. M. Why is he thus prepared ? 

S. W. To denote the official duties of this class of Masons 
at the building of King Solomon's temple, and the discovery 
made by the brethren, when they were repairing the temple. 

W. M. Being thus prepared, in what manner did you enter? 

S. W. By three reports (knocks), varying in the sound from 
those of a Fellow Craft. 

W. M. Having gained your admission, how were you dealt 
v,ith? 

S. W. I was conducted round to repair the temple in a 
manner peculiar to this degree and having made a valuable 



discovery, I afterwards received the solemn obligation to keep 
sacred the secrets of this Order. After I had taken the obliga- 
tion, and sealed it in the usual manner, I was raised in the 
ancient form of a master Mason. 

W. M. Having thus bound yourself to keep sacred the secrets 
of this Order, what were the mysteries with which you were 
then entrusted ? 

S. W. The sign, token, and word of a Mark Man. 

W. M. What does the sign denote? 

S. W. The penalty of the obligation. 

W. M. Why was it introduced into this Order of Masonry. 

S. W. To commemorate the signal used by oar ancient bre- 
thren of this degree, when the first temple was erected in the 
city of Jerusalem. 

W. M. What was that signal ? 

S. W. The trumpet. 

W. M. Why was it used ? 

S. W. To denote the approach of danger. 

W. M. What does the grip or token denote ? 

S. W. One of the penal laws of ancient Tyre united with the 
famous link of a Mark Man. 

W. M. What does the word denote? 

S. W. Everything past, present, or to come. 

W. M. Why was this grand, majestic word introduced ? 

S. W. To hold in commemoration a very remarkable cir- 
cumstance that occurred on the morning that the foundation- 
stone of the temple was laid. Whilst King Solomon was in the 
act of congratulating our Grand Superintendent, Hiram AbifF, 
on the occasion of his having discovered the celebrated pro- 
blem in masonry and geometry, one of the precious stones fell 
from the royal crown to the ground, which, being perceived by 
the senior master of the Order of Mark Men, who, with the 
chief officers, were in attendance on this grand and solemn 
assembly, he picked it up and returned it to the king. This 
stone was of the carbuncle kind, and represented the tribe of 
Judah and our Saviour. It was formed into that great and 
glcrkms name, which King Solomon permitted to be used in 
the test word of this degree, in commemoration of its having 
beer* found by one of the chief brethren of this Order. 

W. M. What was the original number of Mark Men at the 
building of King Solomon's temple ? 



S. W. Two thousand. 

W. M. Who were they ? 

S. W. The Senior and Junior Wardens of fhe Fellow Crafts 
Lodges. 

W. M. How many lodges of Mark Men were there in Ue 
city of Jerusalem ? 

S. W. Twenty. 

W, M. Why limited to twenty ? 

S. W. In allusion to the height, length, and breadth of tne 
sanctum sanctorum or holies of holies. 

W. M. How many Masons in each lodge ? 

S. W. One hundred. 

W. M. What was the employ of these mark men ? 

S. W. To mark the materials, as they came out of the hands 
of the workmen, to enable them to put them together with 
greater facility and precision, when brought from the quarries 
of Tyre, the Forests of Lebanon, and the clay ground of the 
Jordan, between the Succoth and Zarthan, to the holy city of 
Jerusalem. 

W. M. What were the peculiar marks on that occasion? 

S. W. Certain mathematical figures, consisting of squares, 
levels, and perpendiculars, that King Solomon commanded ^to 
be used on that occasion, which have ever since been denomi- 
nated the Freemasons'' Secret Alphabet or Mystic Characters. 

W. M. Can you describe those characters ? 

S. W. With that circumspection peculiar to Masons, I will 
meet you on the line parallel, by giving you one part, leaving 
you to your own free will in giving the remainder. 
W. M. I will thank you to proceed. 

The S. W. rises, salutes the W. M, with the sign, advances 
to him, and lays his two penal fingersf (first and second) on 

t A square, its portions, and the different positions into which those 
portions may be placed, with the aid of the dot, will form vs. alphabet 
of twenty-four letters, without the use of a quarter, or single side, 
such as the Roman I. This is the secret alphabet of Masonry. It 
is very probable, that the circle, triangle, and square, their divisions 
and the varied positions of those divisions, first gave the idea of letters 
and an alphabet. The Egyptian letters are plainly of this character. 
One of the Greek letters is a triangle. The circle is common in 
almost all alphabets ; the square in many, the united divisions of 
lK>th in all 



those of the W. M., and thus forms the index to the secret 
alphabet, by joining the horizontal parallel to two perpendicular 
parallels. 

W. M. What is the mark of this degree ? 

S. W. The H T, or Tau in ancient characters. 

W. M. What is the chief signature of this degree ? 

S. W. The first is H. A. B., and the word is stodan. 

W T . M. In what manner are they depicted in a Mark Man's 
lodge. 

S. W. On the under surface of the key-stone of King Solo- 
mon's Arch, which they discovered to be a little loosened, at 
the time that they were inspecting the subterraneous passages^ 
and making preparations for the repairs of the temple. 

W. M. What else was there discovered ? 

S. W. Round the circle surrounding the letters H. A. B., 
and between the other letters forming the remainder of the sig- 
nature of this degree, we found conspicuous in Hebrew cha- 
racters the word Amasaphus, or, as some say, Amethyst. 

W. M. How many Mark Men were there employed in the 
quarries of Tyre ? 

S. W. Fourteen hundred. 

W. M. How many lodges were there in those quarries ? 

S. W. Fourteen. 

W. M. How many Mark Men in each lodge? 

S. W. One hundred. 

W. M. What was the pay of each Mason in this degree per 
day? 

S. W. Nine shekels, equal to £l. 2s. 6d. of our money. 

W. M. What was the sum total paid on this class of work- 
men, at the finishing of the temple of Jerusalem ? 

S. W. Six million, two hundred and twenty-five thousand 
seven hundred and fifty pounds. 

W. M. What was delineated on this ancient coin ? 

S. W. On one side, the pot of manna, and the words Shekel 
of Israel; on the other, the rod of Aaron budding, with the 
words Jerusalem the Holy. 

W. M. Give me the historical account of this degree. 

S. W. At the building of King Solomon's temple, the valua- 
ble and curious key-stone, containing many valuable coins and 
the ten ietters in precious stone work which Hiram AbifY took 
go much pains to complete, was lost, supposed to have been 



can en away bv some of the workmen, and a reward was offered 
fy King Solomon for the speedy finding or making of another 
40 fit the place. An ingenious Entered Apprentice made one 
and fixed it in the vacancy in the arch, which, being known to 
some of the Fellow Crafts, they conceived it a disgrace to their 
Order to let an inferior degree bear the palm of honour. They, 
therefore, in the heat of jealousy, took it and threw it into the 
Brook Kedron adjacent to the temple. A reward was also 
offered for the finding of this second stone, which excited the 
brother who had made it to go, with two other Entered Appren- 
tices, in pursuit of it ; and when they had found it, they re- 
ceived equally among them the last reward, and with it the 
degree of a Fellow Craft. The brother who made it received 
the first reward to his own share for his ingenuity, and had the 
honour with his two companions to fix it the second time in the 
arch, previous to which, the brother who made it cut on the 
under-side the word Amasaphus ; and in addition to his former 
rewards, he was honoured with the degree of Mark Man, 
which is done by going round the lodge of a mark man putting 
in his hands as a fellow craft to receive his wages. He is de- 
sired to state on what ground he claims those honours, and, 
having informed them of his discovery and what he had made, 
they then acknowledge his claim to be just ; and he being 
desired to fetch the said key-stone, he finds it in his way to the 
arch, by kicking against the ring of it concealed under ground, 
the original key-stone that Hiram Abiff had made, with the 
proper characters and signatures to it. He is then taught to 
put in his hands in due form for the payment of his wages, after 
which he receives the secrets of this degree. 

W. M. Brethren, I now crave your assistance in closing this 
lodge of mark men. 

THE BRETHREN STAND ROUND THE LODGE IN DUE FORM. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, what is the internal signal 
for closing this Order? 

S. W. Three reports varying in sound 

W. M. By whom are they given? 

S. W. By the Worshipful Master and Wardens. 

W, M. When are they to be given? 

S. W. Immediately after all the brethren of this oegree r.ave 
given the proper sign 



W. M. Brethren, be pleased to give me the sign. {The re~ 
ports are then given.) 

W. M. Why are those reports given ? 

S. W. As a perpetual memorial of the labour of our ancient 
brethren in the three famous places where the materials of the 
temple were prepared : — the Quarries of Tyre, the Forests of 
Lebanon, and the Clay Ground of the Jordan between Succoth 
and Zarthan. 

W. M. To what do the reports further allude ? 

S. W. To the class of workmen that compose this degree. 

W. M. Then ? brethren, as the master of that class, I declare 
this lodge duly closed, till our Fellow Craft brethren have fur- 
nished us with fresh materials to be marked and passed to the 
spot on which we intend to erect a building to the service of the 
Grand Architect of heaven and earth. 



DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF MARK 
MASTER. 

The opening of the lodge in this degree exhibits nothing differ- 
ent from that of the others, but in the distinctive sign, word, 
token, and knocking* 

LECTURE OR CATECHISM. 

W. M. Brother Senior Warden, you will describe the form 
of preparation that the candidate has to undergo in this de- 
gree ? 

S. W. He is first prepared in the character of. a Master 
Mason, with this additional characteristic on his apron — the 
H T is reversed, and in the ancient Maso7iicform. 

W. Mr. For what reason is he so prepared ? 

S. W. To point out the chief duties that this class of work- 
men had to perform when the materials w r ere brought to them 
to be marked and passed in due form. 

W. M. In what manner did you enter the lodge after your 
preparation ? 

S. W. With five reports, and all of them distinct and loud. 

W. M. Why did you give this signal of your approach ? 

S. W. To denote the No. of this degree as the fifth. 



W. M. There is a second reason for this branch of the cere- 
mony ? 

S. W. In allusion to the peculiar number and class of work- 
men employed in and about that magnificent building in the 
holy city of Jerusalem. % 

W. M. Having gained your admission, how were you dealt 
with in this degree of a Mark Master ? 

S. W. I was conducted round the lodge five times. 

W. M. For what reason ? 

S. W. To point out to me that, without the full enjoyment 

the five external senses, I could not have received the privi- 
es of this degree. 

W. M. In what manner were you proved as to the possession 

those senses ? 

S. W. After traversing from west to east, I was commanded 
to kneel to hear and receive the benefit of the prayer ; and 
having been taught to repeat it from the delivery of the proper 
officer, my possession of this faculty was fully acknowledged. 

In the second round, the Holy Bible was presented to me, 
from which I was desired to read that passage where the word 
of a Master Mason is to be found. This ceremony proved the 
faculty of seeing. 

• In the third round, the compasses were opened at an angle of 
ninety degrees, and applied from the guttural to the pectoral 
part of my body, till my countenance, on some particular emo- 
tion, denoted that I retained the noble faculty of feeling. 

In the fourth round, the pot of manna was presented to me, 
and having partaken of its contents, and declared the same 
good, the proper officer acknowledged my possession of the fa- 
culty of tasting. 

I was then delivered over to the Senior Warden, who kindly 
conducted me round, for the last probation, to the Right Wor- 
shipful Master in the east, where, standing in due form behind 
■ the sacred altar, I was taught to kneel before the pot of incense : 
being commanded to pronounce its contents, I was acknowledged 
by the master to be in possession of all the five external senses, 
and was accordingly passed, in due form, to receive the further 
C*?e5rony of this degree. 

W M. What was the chief thing that entitled you to the 
sacred mysteries of this Order? 

S W My free acceptance of the great and solemn obligation. 



[He then seals the sacred obligation by pressing the Holy 
Bible to his lips five times, and is raised from the foot of the 
akar, in due ancient form, both hands on the Holy Bible, 
&c] 

W. M. Havifg now, by the most solemn ties of honour, 
fidelity, and brotherly love, bound yourself to the religious per- 
formance of your sacred test, what was your reward for tha* 
voluntary sacrifice ? 

S. W. The communication of its sacred mysteries. 

W. M. Name the three first ? 

S. W. The sign, token, and word of a Mark Master. 
N. M. What does the sign denote? 

S. W. The penalty of the obligation. 

W. M. Why was it introduced in this degree ? 

S. W In commemoration of the signal used by the ancient 
brethren of this Order, at the erection of that famous temple in 
the holy city of Jerusalem, by our most excellent grand master, 
Solomon, King of Israel. 

W. M. What was that signal? 
* 8. W. The celebrated Light House on the highest part of 
TOunt Lebanon. 

W. M. For what purpose was it there set up ? 

S. W. To guide and direct the ancient mariners employed in 
fetching gold, ivory, and precious stones, from Ophir, for the 
ornamental parts of the temple. 

W. M. What does the token denote ? 

S. W. Another of the penal laws of ancient Tyre united with 
the link of a Mark Master. 

W. M. What does the word denote ? 

S. W. Omnipotent, omnipresent, omniscient 

W. M. To what does it further allude? 

S. W. To one of the names of the Almighty Creator of 
heaven and earth ; which name, with all its glorious attributes, 
King Solomon caused to be entirely displayed in the centre of 
his audience-chamber. It was this grand ineffable name, with 
all its glorious attributes subjoined, and aided by the admirable 
eloquence and wisdom of Solomon, that wrought the conversion 
of his noble friend and ally the great and learned King of Tyre ; 
<md which he, in conjunction with Solomon and our grand super- 
intendent, Hiram AbirT, conferred on the brethren of this degree 
%6 one of their distinguishing characteristics 



W. Mr What was the original number of Mark Masters at 
the building of the first glorious temple of Jerusalem 

S. W. One thousand. 

W. M. Who were they ? 

S. W. The right worshipful Masters of the Fellow Crafts 
Lodges. 

W. M. How many lodges were there in this degree during 
the building of King Solomon's temple ? 

S. W. Twenty. 

W. M. Why confined to twenty ? 

S. W. In allusion to the breadth of the holy place. 

W. M. How many masons in each lodge ? 

S. W. Fifty. 

W. M. What was the employ of these masons? 

S. W. To re-examine the materials, after they were brought 
to Jerusalem, that every part might duly correspond, and pre- 
vent confusion and mistake, when they were employed in fitting 
the respective parts to their proper places ; and by their addi- 
tional marks, in the form of an equilateral triangle, they proved 
and fully passed the work previously examined by the Mark 
Men. 

W. M. What were the marks or characters used by the bre- 
thren of this degree ? 

[Here the brother, instead of answering in the usual manner, 
gives the division of the Tau, in the ancient arid masonic cha- 
racters, formed by his hands thus ! - ; and the right wor- 
shipful Master answers him with his Hiram in a similar man- 
ner.] 

W. M. How many Mark Masters were there employed in 
the Quarries of Tyre ? 

S. W. Seven hundred. 

W. M. How manv lodges were there in the Quarries of 
Tyre ? 

S. W. Fourteen. 

W. M. How many Mark Masters in each lodge ? 

S. W. Fifty. 

W. M. What was the pay of each Mark Master per day? 

S. W. Twenty-five shekels, equal to 31. 2s. 6d. of our 
money. 

W. M. What was the sum total paid to this class of woik* 
ni>Hi at the building of the first temple at Jerusalem ? 
p. in. 16 



10 

S. W. Thirty-one millions, one hundred and twenty-eigkt 
thousand, seven hundred and fifty pounds. 

W. M. What was delineated on that ancient coin? 

S. W. The same as on that of the Mark Man, with the addi- 
tion of the proper signature. 

W. M. Brethren, I now crave your assistance to close this 
lodge. {They rise and stand in due order as Mark Masters,) 
Brother Senior Warden, what is the internal signal for closing 
this degree ? 

S. W. Five reports. 

W. M. By whom are they given ? 
, S. W. By the right worshipful Master and his wardens. 

W. M. When are they given ? 

S. W. Immediately after the brethren have all given the sign 
of this degree ? 

W. M. Let that sign be given. (It is given, and the reports 
or knocks follow.) Why are these reports given ? 

S. W. In allusion to the five points of fellowship. 

W. M. What is the second allusion? 

S. W. The five noble offerings for the glorious temple of 
Jerusalem. First, the grand offering of Araunah the Jebusite 
on the holy mount Moriah. Second, the noble offering of 
King David. Third, the princely offering of King Solomon. 
Fourth, the mariners' and voluntary offering of the princes and 
mighty men of Jerusalem. And, lastly, the magnificent offer- 
ing of the celebrated Queen of Sheba. 

W. M, What is the third allusion of these reports at the close 
of the lodge ? 

S. W. To the class of workmen that composed this Order. 

W. M. Then, brethren, as master of that class, I declare this 
lodge duly closed, until our brethren have furnished us with 
fresh materials for labour in our mystical science of free an4 
accepted masonry. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE ARCHITECT'S DEGREE 
IN MASONRY. 
[Of the degrees of Architect and Grand Architect, X have 
two descriptions, as practised in different lodge*, one by Finch. 
As far as possible, I have united them ; where not possible, / 
exhibit both.]— Ed. 



II 

The lodge is hung with black, in remembrance of the loss 
su tained by the death of a former architect, and is lighted with 
twenty-one lamps. A throne is elevated in the east ; a table 
1? placed in the centre, on which are a Bible, a pair of com- 
passes, a square, and a trowel in an urn. The contents of the 
latter is a mixture of milk, oil, flour, and wine, which is sup- 
Dosed to be the heart of a worthy brother. 

The drawing on the floor is an oblong. The emblem on it a 
triangle enclosing a flaming star ; in the centre the letter G, and 
below, the letters S. W. G. and G. H. S. 

The master represents Solomon, and is called the Right 
Worshipful Overseer of Master Architects, in some lodges 
Most Mighty ; the Wardens are called Senior and Junior 
Superintendents and most respectable, and the brethren Master 
Architects and most venerable. They wear a deep red sash, 
jind their aprons are edged with the same colour. 

In opening the lodge, the master strikes seven, (Finch says 
six,) observing a distance between the third and fourth. The 
ceremonies of caution as to the close tiling of the lodge are then 
gone through, and the master asks,— What is the time? 

A. The hour of a perfect Mason. 

Q. What is that hour? 

A. The first instant of the first hour of the first day that the 
Grand Architect created the heavens and the earth. 

R. W. O. This is the first instant of the first hour of the first 
day that I, as master, open and hold this lodge. It is time to 
begin our labours. 

RECEPTION OF THE CANDIDATE FOR PASSING. 

The candidate, who has been divested of his sword and blind- 
folded, is led in and placed between the wardens or superin- 
tendents, and is thus addressed by the master. 

R. W. O. Brother , before we can admit you into this 

mysterious degree of Masonry, you must declare your abhor- 
rence of the crime of those worthless ruffians who caused the 
vacancy of an architect. As a test of your integrity, we require 
you to partake of the heart of this innocent victim, for which 
purpose we have presented it in this urn. 

The R. W. O. takes the trowel, and giving on the point of 
it a small portion of the contents of the urn, thus addresses 
him : — " May this you now receive be the cement and bond of 



12 

union between us. May it remain indissoluble. Say with us, 
— misfortune to him who would disunite us. At this time the 
obligation is administered, the penalty of which, in addition to 
all former penalties, is to be deprived of the rites of burial, 

[On his rising from his knees, the candidate is thrown on his 
face, so that his mouth covers the blazing star on the floor, and 
the bandage is taken from his eyes.] 

Q. What do you see ? 

A.^The flaming star and the letter G. 

Q, What does it signify ? 

A. Glory, grandeur, and geometry. 

[Candidate rises, and is presented with an apron and sash. J 

R. W. O. Brother , I reward your zeal for Masonry, 

by declaring you an architect. The difference which you ob- 
serve in this apron proves the superiority of this degree, as, in 
future, you will be employed only in the elevation of the temple. 
The sash with which I invest you is a mark of distinction over 
the inferior orders, and its colours are to remind you, that 
a former architect chose rather to shed his blood than to reveal 
our mysteries. After his death the works were at a stand, and 
Solomon was zealous to complete it; for this purpose, he con- 
vened those masters who had distinguished themselves by their 
genius, capacity, and manners, and formed them into a lodge 
to effect it. 

As those selected were no longer to be confounded witn the 
multitude of the workmen, Solomon commanded that the dis- 
tinct mark that they had worn should be changed, and that they 
should in future have a right to enter the sanctum sanctorum, 
having previously been placed upon the letter G and flaming 
star. 

By the original design of the edifice, Solomon perceived that 
the first elevation was perfect. He, therefore, ordered a second 
to be placed with the same proportions, under the direction of 
the Lodge of Architects. Under the desire of one of these, 
Solomon directed that, in succeeding ages, another should be 
elected to prevent this valuable part of masonry from being 
obliterated; that this brother, before his admittance, should 
engage himself by promises such as you have entered into — 
and may you many years associate and enjoy this happiness 
among us ! 



*8 

CATECIIXSM. 

Q. Are you an Architect ? 
A. I am. 

Q. In what place were you received ? 

A. In the sanctum sanctorum. 

Q. Did you ever work at a thing memorable f 

A. At a grand master's tomb. 

Q. Describe the inscription ? 

A. S. W. G. on the superfice, and G. H. S. on the side of 
it. 

Q. What signifies S. W. G. ? 

A. Submission, union, and gomar or beauty. 

Q. Why is it said to be beauty ? 

A. Because it was the first word the first man pronounced, 

Q. What signifies G repeated a second time ? 

A. Gabaon, the proper and original name of the ground on 
which the sanctuary was built, and which was adopted as the 
word to distinguish Architects from other Masons. 

Q. The H. I am well acquainted with ; the other, S, remains 
to be explained. 

A, Stolkin, the name of the first discoverer of a certain 
corpse. 

Q. Of what use are these letters ? 

A. To instruct posterity in the mysteries of Masonry. 

Q. In what do you employ yourself as an Architect? 

A. In perfecting the science, and in regulating the work- 
men. 

Q. By what means were you received an Architect ? 

A. By the cement which united the stone of the temple. 

Q. What were the materials of this cement ? 

A. Milk, oil, wine, and flour. 

Q. Of what is the cement further allegorical? 

A. The valuable remains of a great architect. 

Q. By what can you prove'yourself tobe an Architect? 

A. By two signs that are only made at the opening or in the 
lodge, and by a third sign to be used at discretion. 

Q. Describe the former? 

A. To place the right hand, the thumb erect, upon the nearly 
to make a diagonal line forward to the height of the face, to 
oring it horizontally to it, putting the thumb, on the forehead, 

as to form a triangle* 



14 

Q. What name do you give to this sign? 

A, The sign of surprise and defence. 

Q. How is it disposed of ? 

A. By the sign of sorrow. 

Q. Describe it. 

A. To place the right hand flat on the breast, making a mo- 
tion as if to retire, and in so doing, pass the right foot behind 
the left foot, so as to form a square. 

Q. What is the third sign to use at discretion ? 

A. To draw the right hand over the right hip. 

Q. The utility of this sign? 

A. To gain admittance into a lodge of Architects. 

Q. What time. is it? 

A. The last day, the last hour, the last instant, that the master 
holds his lodge. 

The brethren strike seven times, as they do at the opening, 
and the lodge is closed. 

finch's catechism for the degree of architect. 

R. W. O. Brother Senior Superintendent, why do we open 
and close in this degree with six reports ? 

S. S. In allusion to the six days of Creation. 

R. W. O. In what manner is it performed ? 

S. S. The R. W. O. gives two on the tracing board before 
him, as emblematic of the first and second days ; and the senior 
and junior Superintendents do the same, as emblematic of the 
other four days. 

R. W. O. How is the candidate prepared in this degree ? 

S. S. With the outward plans of the temple. 

R. W. O. For what purpose ? 

S. S. To prove himself a Master Architect. 

R. W. O. How did you enter? 

S. S. By three distinct and two quick reports. 

R. W. O. Why so ? 

S. S. In allusion to the number of this degree. 

R. W. O. Why given by three distinct and -two quick re- 
ports ? 

S. S. To represent the square ofrthe Nos., which King Solo- 
mon commanded should be well practised and understood by 
Master Architects, to keep in remembrance that noble discovery 
of Hiram AbifT. 



R. W. \J. Why do we go through the ceremony of being 
conducted round the lodge ? 

S. S. In commemoration of King Solomon and the twelve 
tribes of Israel going in Jubilee-procession three times round 
the foot of mount Moriah, on the morning that the foundation- 
stone of the temple was laid. 

R. W. O. To what does the sign of this degree allude 

S. S. The first or external elevation of the temple. 

R. W. O. To what does the token allude ? 

S. S. To the union of the five penal fingers of an Entered 
Apprentice, Fellow Craft, Mark Man, Mark Master, and Master 
Mason. 

R. W. O. What does the word denote ? 

S. S. A peculiar branch of the duty of the brethren of thi; 
degree ? v 

R. W. O. Be pleased to name it? 

S. S. Comforters and Overseers of the people appointed by 
King Solomon for that purpose. 

R. W. O. What was the chief masonic employ of the bre- 
tnren of this Order ? 

S. S. To give the plans and elevations of the outer temple. 

R. W. O. What number of lodges, and what branch of 
Masons, formed this Order ? 

S. S. Our lodges only consist of Senior and Junior Wardens 
of the twelve Master Masons' lodges. 

R. W. O. How were these Masons disposed of in their em- 
ploy in the plains of Zarthan ? 

S. S. In the same manner as in the holy city of Jerusalem. 

R. W. O. How were they arranged in the Forests of Leba- 
non ? 

S. S. In one lodge with eight in number. 

R. W. O. What was their pay per day ? 

S. S. Thirty-six shekels, equal to about £4 10s. of our 
money. 

R. W. O. What was the sum total paid to this class for their 
share in the labour of the building? 

S. S. Two hundred, ninety-eight thousand, eight hundred 
and thirty-six ponnds. 

R.- W. O. By what is the Master Overseer distinguished ? 

S. S. A crimson robe, with a broad belt round the waist, 
with divisions for holding the plans of the»temple. 



16 

R. W. O. By what is the Master Overseer further distin- 
guished t 

S. S By that famous banner which distinguished the bre- 
thren of this Order that were enrolled as Eastern Knights in the 
holy war. 

li. W. O. Be pleased to describe that banner? 

S. S. It was made of black velvet, in the form of a square. 
In the centre, the arms were quartered. At the ends of each 
bar, which formed the cross to quarter the arms, were placed 
two letters of words of this degree. In the centre of the said 
cross bars, forming the quarterage of the arms, were the other 
two. In the first and fourth quarters, a right hand painted in a 
manner somewhat resembling the token of this degree. In the 
second, the initials of this degree ; and in the third, Jerusalem 
the holy, in the ancient masonic characters. The crest was a 
slight emblem of the sign of this order, the right hand elevated, 
and the full word in ancient masonic characters formed the 
motto. 

R. W. O. In what part of the lodge is this banner placed? 

S. S. Over the head of the Right Worshipful Overseer. 

R. W. O. Describe the Jewel worn by the R. W. O. 

S. S. The compasses open at ninety degrees, with the points 
circumscribed by a tragic board, in the form of a G, radiant, 
from the centre of the head of the compasses ; the line and 
plummet suspended. 

R. W. O. Describe the Jewel worn by the Junior Super- 
intendent ? 

S. S. Two hands emblematical of the token. 

R. W. O. Be pleased to describe the Jewel worn by the 
Junior Superintendent? 

S. S. The right hand elevated nearly in due form. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF GRAND 
ARCHITECT. 

This lodge is to be in the same state as the preceding 
degree ; with the exception, that there is no urn. A double 
triangle is to be formed on tKi drawing. Twenty-seven 



m 

lamps to be burning. A Jewel is worn by the brethren 
pendant to a blue sash ; a double triangle formed by a pair 
of compasses and a level ; and their aprons are edged with 
blue. 

In this degree the master is called Ruler of Grand Archi- 
tects, or Mighty Master ; the wardens are called Senior and 
Junior Overseers ; and the brethren are called Senior Master 
Architects, 

The candidate is prepared as before, and the master opens 
the lodge as in the first degree to receive him. 

RECEPTION AND PASSING. 

Master. Most venerable brethren, the second elevation of 
the temple is finished, and in conformity to the supreme orders, 
we are to erect a third, that will terminate the height of it, ac- 
cording to the original design. The superintendence of this ' 
third part must be committed to the care of an able, a diligent, 
and complete workman, such a one as we have not at present 
among the grand architects. We are now convened, and as we 
have not any particular business before us to engage our atten- 
tion, the time cannot be better spent than in selecting an addi- 
tion to our lodge, who, by his assiduity and experience, may be 
worthy of the appointment to which I allude. 

{An interruption here occurs, by a report, that Brother Moa- 
bon,an architect, is in waiting, to be examined for a superior 
degree.) 

The work has met with obstacles that have impeded its 
progress ; but it cannot with propriety be longer suspended. 
Our choice must be speedily made. It is fortunate for that 
architect, whose report you have just witnessed, that he has 
applied in time to be a candidate : let him be, according to his 
request, examined, and with caution, for it is the work only of 
Grand Architects to erect structures in the air. The task is too 
great for inferior craftsmen. They only know by admiring 
them at a distance when done. Let us now put the finishing 
stroke to the Temple. If Moabon is qualified, may he suc- 
ceed and ever after live with glory, happiness, and prosperity, 
and may his name exist to the end of time, as a mighty and 
respectable word among great architects 

{The brethren place their hands thrice upon the drawing. 



18 

which is the sign of assent for his examination ; he is intro- 
duced and placed in the west, and thus addressed by the 
Master.) 

Worthy architect the degree to which you aspire, is a point 
of elevation to which you are a stranger. The superior art re- 
i quired to be displayed on this occasion, makes us apprenensive 
that your abilities are by no means equal to the task. The 
difficulties you have to encounter are great, and can only be 
surmounted by the extent of your knowledge and the utmost 
exertions and limits of your skill. A perfect design for the 
l third structure of the temple is required from you, and as the 
necessity of raising it is urgent and will not admit of delay, 
you must return to us as soon as you have completed your 
design. 

The candidate is then led tyventy-seven times round the 
room, and a drawing of the temple (usually on paste-board) 
jj with a third elevation, is put into his hands. He is stopped in 
i the west, and acquaints the Master that he is prepared with a 
design, and presents it for their approbation. With three 
steps he is led to the throne, to deliver it to the Master, who 
passes it round the lodge. While this is doing, the candidate 
kneels, his right hand is on the Bible and his left on a sword, 
with a pair of compasses over the wrist. In this position he 
takes the obligation, which is, not to reveal the secrets of the 
degree to any one who has not produced a design for the third 
elevation, under the penalty of expulsion from the order and the 



Master. Rise, and let the veil of absurdity be removed, 
for Moabon is worthy of beholding our labours. (At a signal 
the brethren salute him.) 

Master. My brother, it is a satisfaction that we have been 
witnesses of your skill and ability, and of your endeavours to 
give satisfaction in the task prescribed to you. The execution 
of your design impels us to admit you a Grand Architect. 
May this new favour conferred on you stimulate you to merit 
the illustrious degree which succeeds, and which derives its 
splendour from the circumstance, that it will fall to the lot of 
one of us to be recognised therein as a Grand Master. Ap- 
proach and receive the marks of rank to which you are entitled, 
and to which alone your perseverance has elevated you. To 
distinguish ourselves as grand architects, there is a sign, a grip, 



19 

and a word. The sign is to place the two hands on the head, 
to form a triangle with the thumb and fore finger of each hand. 
It is to be answered by the hands being in the same form above 
the head. 

The grip is to take one another by the right hand indis- 
criminately, and to turn them thrice alternately above and 
below each other. The word is your name Moabon, to 
be pronounced by syllables, in making the turning of the 
hands. 

This sash and this jewel are indicative of the degree of which 
you are now in possession, and it is the only mode of your 
expressing yourself to be such out of the lodge. The sign, 
word, and grip are considered as sacred, and are not to be used 
elsewhere. If accident should occasion your visiting the 
lodges of the inferior degrees, and you are not provided with 
your sash and jewel, you are at liberty to tuck the left corner 
of your apron into the band, and by that you will be recog- 
nised a grand architect. You will now pay your respects to 
the brethren, and afterwards attend to the 

CATECHISM. 

Q. Are you a Grand Architect ? 

A. I am. 

Q. Where were you received ? 

A. In the middle chamber. 

Q. Why there ? 

A. The lodge was held there when the second elevation was 
finished. 

Q. Who gave the design of the temple ? 

A. The Grand Architect of the Universe. 

Q. To whom? 

A. To Solomon. 

Q. By what means ? 

A. By inspiration. 

Q. In what manner were you employed in the middle 
ohamber ? 

A. In designing a third elevation. 

Q. By what means were you admitted a Grand Archi- 
tect? 

A. By the perfection of the drawing which I presented to 
•lie Master. 



20 

Q. What reward did you receive in return ? 

A, A sign and grip. 

Q. Deliver them to the next brother. (This is done ) W?ia& 
was the word pronounced ? 

A. The name of a great architect. 

Q. Declare it. 

A. Mighty Master, I will give you one syllable, if you'wil) 
give me another. 

Q. I am agreeable. 

A. Mo. 

Q. A. 

A. Bon. 

Q. How old are you? 

A. Twenty-seven years. 

Q. What remains to be performed ? 

A. To veil the Lodge of Grand Architects. 

The Master strikes twenty-seven times and declares rfie 
lodge to be concluded. 



FINCH S CATECHISM IN THIS DEGREE. 

Right Worshipful Ruler. Brother Senior Overseer, why do 
we open and close this degree with seven reports? 

S. O. In allusion to the six days of the creation, and the 
institution of the seventh as a Sabbath. 

R. W. R. How is it represented in the lodge ? 

S. O. The R. W. R. gives two reports on the base of the 
column containing the first great light. The Senior Overseer 
gives two on the shaft of his pillar containing the second great 
light. The Junior Overseer gives two on the chapter of his 
column containing the third great light. And the seventh re- 
presenting the holy Sabbath is given by the R. W. R. with his 
Hiram on the holy writing, 

R. W. R. How is the candidate prepared in this degree ? 

S. O. With the inward plans of the Holy Temple of Jeru- 
salem. 

R. W. R. What reason do we assign for this ? 

S. O. To prove to the brethren present, that he has been 
duly initiated into the degree of Architect, and then stands fully 
prepared to receive the promotion of Grand Architect of the 
Temple as the representative of our inspired grand superi ten- 
dent, Hiram AbifT. 



21 

R. W. R. In what manner did you make your entry into 
the lodge ? 

S. O. By three distinct and two quick reports. 

R. W. R. Why in this manner ? 

S. O. In allusion to the No. of this degree. 

R. W. R. Is there a second reason why we give these 
reports ? 

S. O. That the squares of the Nos. may be represented by 
us when we enter the Lodge of the Grand Architects, which 
our Grand Master, King Solomon, in conjunction with his 
worthy colleague, the learned King of Tyre, commanded to 
be practised, for the better understanding of the basis of that 
valuable discovery made by our Grand Master, Hiram Abiff, 
on the morning that the foundation-stone of the Temple was 
laid by the hand of that wise and super-excellent King of the 
Jews. 

R. W. R. Why is the ceremony of traversing the lodge in 
this degree observed ? 

S. O. Because King Solomon, with the high priest and 
elders of the Israelites, went, in public procession round the 
Temple when the cape stone was laid and the building com- 
pleted. 

R. W. R. To what does the sign of this degree allude ? 

S. O. To the second or inward elevation of the Temple. 

R. W. R. To what does the token allude ? 

S. O. To the number of lodges that compose the secret 
words of this degree. 

R. W. R. To what do the words allude ? 

S. O. To the dignity which King Solomon conferred on the 
brethren of this order. 

R. W. R. What was the chief masonic employ of the bre- 
thren of this degree ? 

S. O. To give the plans and elevations of the Inner 
Temple. 

R. W. R. What were the number of lodges, and what 
^ranch of Masonry formed this degree ? 

S. O. One lodge consisting of the Masters of the twelve 
Master Masons' Lodges. 

R. W. R. How were these Masons arranged, and in what 
manner did they assemble during the time in which they were 
employed in the plains of Zarthan ? 



22 

S. O In the same manner as in the holy city of Jerusalem, 

R. W. R. In what manner were they arranged in the Quar- 
ries of Tyre ? 

S. O. In one lodge with eight in number. 

R % W. R. How were they arranged in the Forests of Le- 
banon ? 

S*. O. In one lodge with four in number. 

R. W. R. What was the pay per day ? 

S. O. Forty-nine shekels of silver, equal to 6l. 2s. 6d. of 
our money. 

R. W. R. What was the sum total paid to them ? 

S. O. .Two hundred and three thousand, three hundred and 
seventy-four pounds, ten shillings. 

R. W. R. By what is the Right Worshipful Ruler distin- 
guished ? 

S. O. By a scarlet robe, with a broad belt round the waist, 
for holding the plans of the inner ornaments of the Temple. 

R. W. R. What other distinguishing mark of honour does 
the Right Worshipful Ruler bear ? 

S. O. That famous banner which distinguished the brethren 
of this degree that were enrolled as the Knights in the Holy 
Wars. 

R. W. R. I will thank you, Brother Senior Overseer, to 
describe that banner ? 

S. O. The banner was made of black velvet, in the form of 
a geometrical square. In the centre, were their own peculiar 
arms quartered ; and the whole circumscribed by a star, with 
twelve points containing the twelve letters, forming the cha- 
racteristic words of this degree. In the first quarter, was 
painted the left hand ; in the fourth, the right hand ; the palms 
outwards. In the second quarter, a hand and two fingers ; and 
in the third, the hands with the backs outwards. The crest was 
a brother in ancient armour, with an emblematic representation 
of a part of the sign of this order. The words of this deg-*^ 
formed the motto. 

R. W. R. In what part of the lodge is this banner placed ? 

S. O. Over the head of the Right Worshipful Ruler. 

R. W. R. What is the jewel of this degree belonging to the 
Right Worshipful Ruler ? 

S. O. The compasses, open at an angle of ninety degrees, 
the points circumscribed by the Holy Bible, so as to for^ 



23 

a triangle ; and in the centre, a geometri cal square, formed by 
the two hands and two fore fingers. 

R. W. R. Be pleased to describe the jewel worn by the 
Senior Overseer? 

S. O. Two hands, one forming a level, the other a perpen- 
dicular. 

R. W. R. What is the jewel by which the Junior Overseer 
is distinguished? 

S, O. Two fingers forming a right angle. 

finch's description of closing the lodge in this 

DEGREE. 

R. W. R. Brethren, I will thank you to assist me in closing 
the lodge in this degree. What is the last duty, Brother Senior 
Overseer? 

S. O. To see that we are properly tiled externally. 

R. W. R. What is the next duty, Brother Senior Overseer 1 

S. O. To see that we are properly closed internally, to de- 
posit the royal standard in the pedestal, and to crave a blessing 
on the work. 

R. W. R. Then, brethren, I will crave your assistance to 
enable me to close our labours with peace, unity, and form ; 
therefore, brethren, I will thank you to advance from the 
west to the pedestal in the east, and to assist each other in 
taking down the royal standard, to see it safely deposited, 
with the Holy Law and Jewels, in our ancient and sacred re- 
pository. 

The brethren now advance in due form, and when arrived 
under the banner, they pull gently the plummet, suspended 
from the orown of the standard, which being connected with 
a set of pullies mechanically arranged, they lower it a little by 
degrees, while the organ plays a solemn march. The last 
brother that advances is the Senior Overseer, who takes it down 
and puts it into the pedestal. He then returns, with the rest 
of the brethren, to their respective places, by the proper ad- 
vances, and stop in due form, when the R. W. R. and S. and 
J. O. close the lodge, by seven knocks, and the grand honours 
axe given by all the brethren. 



24 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF SCOfCH 
MASTER OR SUPERINTENDENT. 

In this degree, the Master is called very powerful, and the 
brethren very honourable. The decorations of the apartments 
are splendid. The ensigns of the different orders in Masonry 
are designed in colours, and, at proper distances, receive the 
aid of eighty-one lights, On the drawing, the furniture or 
sacred utensils of the Temple of Solomon are delineated, the 
ark of alliance, the altar of incense, the golden candlestick, the 
table of shew-bread, the brazen altar, the brazen sea, &c. The 
jewel is worn pendant to a red sash, and the apron is bordered 
with red. A transparency of the temple is in the east, and the 
lodge opens as in the preceding degree of Grand Architect. 
The candidate is prepared as before, with the exception of the 
blindfolding ; the necessity of the distinction will appear evi- 
dent in the cause of 

THE RECEPTION OR PASSING, 

The candidate is admitted by the signal of a Grand Archi- 
tect. The Wardens place him between them, and thus ad- 
dresses the Master : — Very Powerful, Moabon is present, and 
ardently desires to anticipate in our labours. You gave him tc 
understand, in the preceding degree, that there was wanting yet 
a ceremony for him to undergo, before he would be in complete 
possession of the secrets of Masonry. His zeal has brought 
him into your presence to obtain them. 

V. P. Brother Moabon, we cannot sufficiently applaud 
your perseverance in endeavouring to explore our secret mys- 
teries. They are withheld from every one until we are well 
satisfied of the conduct of those who solicit them ; for our pru- 
dence will only permit us to grant them to those whom we 
have well tried. Your conceptions upon this business are 
most probably erroneous ; for it is scarcely possible for you 
to conjecture the object or intent of our meeting. The gran- 
deur of this degree is - immense, and, with the permission of 
the very honourable brethren who assist me, I will declare it 
Ths mighty degree which we now hold is that of a Superinten 
dent Scotch Master. The Temple is raised from the foundo 



lion to a cape-stone : the etevations are perfect, und the sacred 
utensils only remain to be prepared, after the drawings 1& the 
greatest Master that ever lived. We are to elect a successor, 
who will complete with honour and with glory the models which 
he designed. Move about the lodge, exercise your genius, and 
present to us the result. 

The candidate traverses eighty-one times round the drawing, 
and, at length, the Wardens give him designs for the furniture, 
which he presents to the Master. 

V. P. Moabon, the designs are worthy of the subject ; but 
there is an obligation to which you are to submit, before you 
can be made acquainted with our secrets. This engagement 
differs from those which you have already taken, inasmuch as 
that they were entered into in darkness ; whereas, this is of- 
fered to you without restraint. It is now for you to decide. 
We have the power to release you from your professions, even 
of those which you have made with us. It is a matter of indif- 
ference, if you reveal all' that you already know on the subject 
of Masonry. We care not if it becomes the amusement of the 
popular world. What is now required of you is, an act of sin- 
cerity, and, as such, it it is transcribed for your perusal and ap- 
probation. If you do not concur with the contents, say so, and 
we will act accordingly. If you consent, read it with an audi- 
ble voice, and we will attend to you. 

OBLIGATION. 

Upon the possession of my senses, upon the existence of my 
reason, and upon the understanding that supports, guides, and 
enlightens me, I promise, swear, and vow, that I will keep in- 
violate all the secrets, signs, and mysteries which have been to 
the present time unveiled, or that shall be revealed to me in 
future. If I am not faithful to this engagement, may my body 
be exposed to pains and penalties ; may the veins of my temples 
be opened, and may I be exposed upon a pyramid to the heat 
of the sun, the cold of the night, and the rigours of the winds ; 
may my blood run slowly, drop by drop, till the spirit is ex 
tinguished that animates the substance ; may I augment my 
sufferings, if I fail herein ; may nourishment be given to me 
daily, proportionate and sufficient only to preserve and prolong 
a miserable existence, as no punishment can sufficiently atoce 
for my perjury. 
l». in. 



26 

If the candidate refuses to repeat it, the Wardens point their 
swords to his back, and drive him before them twenty-seven 
times round the lodge, and then thrust him out of doors. This 
is called pumping. If he accepts, he pronounces the obligation 
in an audible voice, and the paper is committed to the flames. 

V. P. Brother Moabon, your zeal having engaged you to 
persevere with the firmness of a good Mason, we shall now - 
proceed to your proclamation as a.Superintendent Scotch Mas- 
ter, a ceremony which from time immemorial has always taken 
place in the eastern part of the temple. Prior to this, it has 
been deemed a mark of respect, and upon the present occasion 
it must not be omitted to meditate for a few moments on the 
tragical end oMiim whom you are called to succeed. Silence 
is a sincere sentiment of grief. Let the homage done to his 
name be perfect, as every particular respecting him is such. 

The Master pronounces Civi : the brethren put one knee to 
the ground. " The Master knocks thrice ; and the brethren place 
their heads on their hands for a few moments, in a pensive pos~ ' 
ture. The Master then says Caki : the brethren rise to salute 
each other, and unanimously address the candidate : — We adopt 
Moaton as our brother and we acknowledge him to be our 
Grand Master. 

V. P. .Very honourable brother, it is with extreme pleasure 
that 1 behold your proclamation to an illustrious Superinten- ' 
dent Scotch Master, Words will not express the sentiments 
which my heart dictates. I will, however, confide to you the 
mysteries which are reserved for this degree. Advance and 
receive them. 

The sash will give you authority over Masons of an inferioi 
order. To. distinguish ourselves as Superintendent Scoter: 
Masters, there are three words, two signs, and a grip. Thf V 
words are Urim, Thummim, and Zididiac. The signs are t r ; : 
present the hands in the form of a triangle to the forehead, say- 
ing — Triangular at the forehead is my point of support. The 
other is to put the right hand upon the eyes, inclining the head 
and bending the knee. The grip is to take the two right hands, 
ds in the Architects' Degree ; but, instead of turning them thrice, 
mutually give three slight strokes with the fore fingers closed. 
Put the left hand on the brother's right shoulder and say : — » 
Virtue unites two hearts, two heads, two bodies, and everything 
makes us one. 



27 

As Scotch Master, you are to preside in the lodge as soon 
as you are capable of instructing the brethren. I shall resign 
my present power, and shall cheerfully submit to your govern- 
ment, as you have conformed to mine. The mysteries of this 
degree, to which I require your attention, wil* ^e best ex- 
plained in 

THE CATECHISM. 

Q. Very honourable brother, are you a Scotch Master? 

A. I am. 

Q. What do you find in that degree ? 

A. I know the grand light of the third apartment 

Q. Where were you received ? 

A. In a high place. 

Q. What is your occupation ? 

A. To prepare the altars and to adorn them with precious 
stones. 

Q. Have you any other employ ? 

A. To form the sacred utensils and to ornament them with 
sculpture. 

Q. What are the utensils ? 

A. The ark of alliance, the altar of incense, the table of 
shew-bread, the golden candlestick, the brazen altar, and ■ the 
brazen sea. 

Q. What are the ornaments of the ark of alliance ? 

A. Two cherubims support and cover it with their wings, 

Q. What does it contain ? 

A. The written law that was given on Mount Sinai. 

Q. Give me the sign of that law ? 

A. By placing the hands upon the head, the fingers open, 
which is the symbol of the ten commandments, 

Q. What were the materials used in forming the ark ? 

A. Shittim wood, overlaid with gold. 

Q. What were the proportions ? 

A. It was two cubits and a half in length, one and a half in 
toeadth, and as much in height, 

Q, How came you to acquire this knowledge ? 

A, In return for the designs which I presented at my iniiia- 
tion. 

Q. What pledge was exacted from you before this magniJv 
cent discovery ? 



28 

A. A voluntary engagement, which my heart aporoved md 
my mouth pronounced. 

Q. What succeeded this obligation ? 

A, My proclamation. 

Q. The use of it? 

A. An unanimous acknowledgment from every one present 
that I was a Superintendent Scotch Master. 

Q. What is represented by the triangle ? 

A. The divine properties of the Grand Architect of the 
Universe. 

Q. Name them ? 

A. Eternity, science, and power. 

Q. Wnat do the letters within the triangle signify ? 

A. The sacred word, and its situation evinces that the Crea- 
tor is the centre and source of Masonry. 

Q. What is the signification of the circle round it ? 

A. That the Supreme Being had no beginning, and conse- 
quently no end. 

Q. Why is the jewel pendant to a ribbon the colour of 
fire ? 

A. To keep in remembrance the ardour which enabled us to 
obtain this degree. 

Q. In what place was the first lodge of Superintendent 
Scotch Masters held ? 

A. Between three mountains, inaccessible to the ignorant, 
and in a valley where peace, virtue, and union reign. 

Q. Name the mountains ? 

A. Moriah, Sinac, Harodim. 

Q. Where is the last situated ? 

A. In the north of Scotland, from whence it is termed 
Scotch Masonry. In this place, a cock never crowed, a lion 
never roared, and a woman never tattled.* 



* The continental Masons of the last century had a tradition 
among them, that pure Masonry had been preserved by the inhabi- 
tants of a cave in a mountain near Aberdeen. So powerful was the 
tradition, that some German Masons were deputed to ascertain frora 
those of Aberdeen, if such were the fact. The ignorant Masons of 
Aberdeen were astonished at such an application, and told the depu- 
tation , that they were equally ignorant of pure Masonry; indeed, 
they had a notion that it had only been preserved on the Continent 

R C 



29 

Q. Wiat is to be understood by a deep vallev ? 

A. The tranquility of our lodge. 

Q. What produces it ? 

A. The retaining of the original marks of Masonry, 

Q. What are the marks ? 

A, Three words, two signs, and a grip. 

Q. How hold are you as an Architect ? 

A. Twenty-one. 

Q. How hold are you as a Grand Architect ? 

A. Twenty-seven. 

Q. How hold are you as a Scotch Master ? 

A. Eighty-one. 

V. P. Very Honourable Superintendent Scotch Masters, 
tkis is the ultimatum, the highest number in the archives of 
Masonry. It is the boundary beyond which there is no passing 
This is the last instant of the last hour of the last year that this 
lodge is to be held. The very honourable brethren give one 
knock each until eighty-one are counted, and the lodge is closed. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF SECRET 
MASTER, CALLED, BY FINCH, THE SECRET 
PROVOST AND LEVITICAL ORDER OF PRIEST- 
HOOD. 

FORM OF THE LODGE. 

This lodge is hung with black, strewed with tears. The 
Master represents Solomon, and is styled Thrice Puissant. 
He comes to the temple, to the seven expert Masters, to repair 
the loss of Hiram AbirT. In this lodge there is bat one War- 
den, who is called Adoniram. It is be who had the inspection 
of the workmanship done on Mount Lebanon, before the death 
of Hiram AbirT. He was the first secret master. 

FORM OF THE LOD*"E. 

Solomon sits in the east, clothed in black, lined with ermine ; 
holds a aceptre in his hand ; before him is a triangular altar 
on "which is a crown of laurels and olive leaves. Adoniram si& 



in the west, is called inspector, and does not make use of any 
iron tool ; because the work was suspended by the death of 
Hiram AbifF. Solomon is decorated with a broad blue ribbon 
from his right shoulder to his left hip, at the bottom of which 
hangs a triangle ; but no apron. Adoniram is decorated with a 
broad white ribbon, with black borders, has a triangular collar, 
to which is pendant an ivory key, with the letter Z in the wards. 
All the brethren have a similar collar and key, with white apron 
and black strings. The white signifies the candour and inno- 
cence of the Master : and the black the mourning for their 
chief. The flap of the apron is blue, with an eye of gold painted 
on it. This lodge should be lighted with eighty-one lights, in 
branches of nine to each ; but may be done with three times 
three. 

FORM OF OPENING THE LODGE.* 

T. P. Brother Adoniram, are you a secret Master? 

A. Thrice Puissant, I have passed from the square to the 
compasses, I have seen the tomb of Hiram AbifF, and have, in 
company, with my brethren, shed many tears over it. 

T. P. What is the clock ? 

A. The dawn of the day has driven away darkness, and the 
great light begins to shine in this lodge. 

T. P. If the great light begins to shine in this lodge, and 
we are all secret Masters, it is time to begin our work. Give 
notice, Brother Adoniram, that I am about to open the lodge. 

Adoniram gives this notice ; the Thrice Puissant strikes seven 
times with his hands and makes the sign of silence, by putting 
the two first fingers of his right hand upon his lips. Then all 
the brethren strike seven times, and answer the sign by putting 
the two first fingers of the left hand upon their lips. The Thrice 
Puissant says : " this lodge is open." 

JORM OF RECEPTION OR PASSING, 

The blue Master, or candidate, must be examined by an ex- 
pert Master in his third degree, before he is introduced. He is 
then bound ; a large square is hung over his face, with a great 
light in his hand. The master of the ceremonies knocks seven 
times at the door, when he enters and gives an account to Ado- 



niram, who reports the same to the Thrice Puissant, and desires 
that he may be introduced to him, Adoniram. He is so intro- 
duced, examined, led to the pillow or cushion, and told to 
kneel on his right knee. The Thrice Puissant, seeing him with 
a great square on his forehead, a light in his hand, and kneel- 
ing, thus addresses him : — 

My dear brother, you have seen little more than a thick veil 
which covers the sanctum sanctorum of God's Holy Temple. 
Your fidelity, fervour, and constancy have gained you the fa- 
vours which I am now about to grant ; that is, to show to you 
■ our treasure, and to introduce to you the number destined to 
fill the loss of our dear brother Hiram AbifF, in hope that God 
' will enable you one day or other to arrive at the secret vault, 
. there to contemplate the pillar of beauty. Do you find your^ 
self capable to keep the secrets with which we are willing to 
entrust you ; and are you willing to take an obligation ? 

Candidate. I consent. 

The penalties of this obligation is, to have the penalties of 
all former obligations inflicted, guaranteed by seven repetitions 
of the word amen. 

Adoniram raises candidate, and the Thrice Puissant invests 
him with a ribbon, key, and apron ; crowns him with a crown 
■of laurel and olive leaves ; after which he addresses him as 
follows : — 

My dear brother, I receive you a secret Master, and give you 
rank among the Levites, to fill the number of one whom we 
have lost. This laurel represents the victory you are to gain 
over your passions : the olive is the symbol of peace, which 
ought always to reign among us. It is for you to deserve the 
favour, that God may enable you to arrive one day in the 
secret place to contemplate the pillar of beauty. I decorate 
you with an ivory key, hung to a black and white ribbon, as 
a symbol of your fidelity, innocence, and discretion. The 
white apron and gloves are the marks of the candour of the 
secret Master. 

My dear brother, by the rank which you now have among 
the Levites, in quality of secret Master, you have become the 
faithfu* guardian of the temple, and are one of the seven to 
substitute the loss of Hiram AbifT, of whose melancholy history 
you have already been informed. The eye on the flap of your 
apron is to remind you that you are to keep a careful eye or 
watch on the workmen in general. 



32 

Our signs are, first, the one puts the two first fingers of th* 
right hand on his lips, and the other answers by the same zjm 
with the left hand. 

The grip is, first, the Master Masons, then creep up to the 
elbow and balance seven times, crossing your right leg during 
the balance. 

The pass-word is Zizon, a Hebrew word, signifying balm- 
trade, which is a little row of turned pillars. The second word 
is, Job, Adonai, Ina. They are the three first names which 
God gave himself to Moses on the mountain : the initials of 
which you see traced on the triangle. 

Go, my brother, pass before the brethren, and then listen to* 
our doctrine. 

LECTURE OR CATECHISM. 

Q. Are you a secret Master ? 

A. I am, and I glory in it. 

Q. How were you received a secret Master ? 

A. I passed from the square to the compasses. 

Q. Where were you received ? 

A. In Solomon's Palace. 

Q. Who made you a secret Master ? 

A. Solomon, with Adoniram, the inspector of the works of 
the Temple. 

Q. Did you perceive anything at your entrance ? 

A. Hvident marks of the Divine presence. 

Q. Did you distinguish anything particular? 

A. I perceived a triangle in a great circle, in the csntre o f 
which is enclosed a blazing star, which blinded me with holy 
respect and contemplation 

Q. What signifies the Hebrew character in the triangle ? 

A. Something beyond the common knowledge of human na- 
ture which I cannot pronounce. 

Q. We are in a lodge, and, therefore, pronounce it ? 

A. I have seen the great dazzling light without knowing 
it. 

Q. What was enclosed in the great brightness? 

A. The great ineffable name of the Grand Architect, ef the 
Universe. Moses was alone on the mountain when God ap- 
peared to him and pronounced it. It was forbidden by a law 



33 

of Moses to be publicly mentioned, by which the true pronun- 
ciation was lost ; but I hope one day to arrive at the knowledge 
hereof. 

Q. Did you perceive anything more ? 

A. I perceived nine other words in Hebrew characters ? 

Q. Where were they placed ? 

A. In nine beams which came from the luminous triangle. 

Q. What signify those names ? 

A The names which God gave himself, speaking to Moses 
on the mountain, giving him hopes that his future issue should 
know the real name. 

Q. Give them to me, with their signification ? 

A. Eloah, Adonai, Jehovah, Jaohe, Job, Elohim, Echad, 
Ozze, and Jesai. The nine words are composed of letters 
which compose seventy-two names, and are taken from the 
name of the divinity, according to the angel's alphabet and the 
cabalistical tree. 

Q. What signifies the circle that surrounds the triangle ? 

A. It is a meteor, which ought to guide us to Divine Provi- 
dence. 

Q. What signifies the letter G in the blazing star ? 

A. Glory, grandeur, gomel. 

Q. What do you mean by these three words ? 

A. By glory I mean God : by grandeur, I mean the man 
that may be great by perfection : and by gomel, I mean a He- 
Drew word which signifies thanks to God for his supreme power 
and goodness. It was the first word that Adam spake when he 
beheld Eve. 

Q. Wthat signify the five points of the blazing star? 

A. It reminds us of the five orders of architecture which 
were used in the construction of the Temple ; also of the five 
senses of nature without which no man can be perfect. 

Q.* What more did you see ? 

A. The ark of alliance, the golden candlestick with seven 
branches, and the table with shew-bread. 

Q. Where were they placed ? 

A. In the middle of the sanctum sanctorum. 

Q. To what do the ark and the blazing star allude ? 

A. As the ark was the emblem of peace, an alliance which 
God made with his people, it was put under shadow of the 
wings of the Cherubims. In like manner is the circle, which 



34 

encloses the triangle in the blazing star, under the emblems of 
the alliance of brother Masons. 

Q. Of what form was the ark ? 

A. An oblong square. 

Q. Of what was it made ? 

A. Of shittim wood, lined within and without with gold, 
with a golden crown, and supported with two cherubims of 
gold. 

Q. What was the title and purpose of the ark ? 

A. The propitiatory, or place that served to appease God's 
anger. 

Q. What did the ark contain? 

A. The testimony which God gave to Moses on the two ta- 
bles of tlie law. 

Q. What did the two tables contain, and of what were they 
made? 

A. They were made of white marble, and contained the ten 
commandments in Hebrew, as dictated to Moses by the Al- 
mighty, and thus divided, the four first respecting our duty to 
God, and the six last of our duty to man. 

Q. Of what use was the table ? 

A, To put the twelve loaves of bread of proportion on, which 
ought to be always in the presence of God, as he ordered 
Moses. 

Q. Of what were the loaves made ? 

A. Of the finest flour. 

Q. How were they placed ? 

A. Six on the right side and six on the left, forming two 
heaps, 

Q. What was put over them ? 

A. A very pure and bright ewer. 

Q. Why? 

A. In order that they should be an ornament to the obliga- 
tion made to God. 

Q. What was the name of the sanctum sanctorum ? 

A. Debur, a Hebrew word. 

Q. What does it mean ? 

A. Speech. 

Q. Why was it so called ? 

A. Because ther^e the Divinity resided., and from theace de- 
livered his orsdfts. 



3o 

Q, Who constructed the ark? 

A. When Moses was ordered by God to construct the arK, 
he made choice of Bazaleel, the son of Uri, of the tribe of 
Judah, the son of Mariam, sister to Moses. He likewise chosa 
Aholiab, the son of Ahishemek, of the tribe of Dan ; two able 
workmen for that purpose. Upon these occasions, the people 
of Israel showed so much ardour and zeal, that Moses, by the 
advice of those who had the direction of the work, was obliged 
by the sound of the trumpet to make it known, that he had no 
further occasion for more assistance. Moses likewise had par- 
ticular directions for the number of vesseJs for the tabernacle 
and for the use of the sacrifices. 

Q. How comes the candlestick to be composed of seven 
branches. 

A. Because the No. 7 represents the number of the planets, 

Q. What was on the top of each of them ? 

A. A lamp, and each pointed north and south. 

Q. Of how many parts did they consist ? 
i A. Seventy. 

Q. W^hat does that number of parts represent ? 

A. The twelve signs of the Zodiac, through which the pla- 
nets move. 

Q. What does the fixed eye in the lodge represent ? 

A. One only light, that dispels the darkness from us. 

Q. How did they get up into the galleries of the temple ? 

A* By a staircase, contrived as a screw in the inner wall 
of the temple, by which they ascended by three, five, or seven 
steps. It was called Cockles, because it was made like a screw. 

Q. How many doors are there in the sanctum sanctorum ? 

A. Only one — in the east, which was covered with purple, 
hyacinth, gold, and azure. 

Q. What do these colours represent ? 

A The four elements. 

Q. How old are you ? 

A.*>Three times twenty-seven, which are eighty-one, 

Q. "What is your pass-word ? 

A. Zizon. '. 

FORM OF CLOSING THE LODGE* 

T. P. Brother Inspector, what is the clock J 
A, The close of the day. 



36 

T. P. What remains to be done ? 

A. To practice virtue, shun vice, and remain in silence. 

The Thrice Puissant, addressing himself to the brethren, 
says : — As* nothing is to be done but to practice virtue and 
slun vice, we will be silent, and let the will of the Lord be 
done. It is time to rest. Brother Inspector, give notice to the 
brethren, that I am about to close the lodge by the mysterious 
number. 

The Inspector repeats this to the brethren. The Thrice 
Puissant claps seven times with his hands, and then all the 
brethren imitate him. He makes the sign of silence, which 
they answer, and the lodge is closed. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF PERFECT 
MASTER. 

FORM OF THE LODGE. 

This lodge is hung with green ornaments and with four 
white columns, erected at equal distances on each side. It is 
illuminated by sixteen lights, four at each angle of the cardinal 
points. In the east is a red canopy, with a table before it co- 
vered with black and strewed with tears. 

The Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable, and Worship- 
ful Master, who presides, represents the noble Adoniram, the 
son of Abda, of the tribe of Dan, who conducted the works ct 
the Temple, before the arrival of Hiram Abiff at Jerusalem.. 
Afterwards, he was sent to Mount Lebanon, to inspect the work 
that was there carrying on for the use of the Temple. He was 
recalled on the death of Hiram AbirT, and had the honour o* 
being the first of the seven that were substituted in his stead. 
He is decorated with the orders of the degree of perfection, 
and those of Prince of Jerusalem. He sits in Solomon's chair 
under a canopy, holding a setting maul. There is but one 
warden, who represents Stolkin. He is ornamented with *i 
jewel of perfection, and sits in the west, holding a mallet. jAe 
does the duty ot Inspector. The master of the ceremonies re- 
presents Zerbel or Beneia, Captain of King Solomon's Guards. 



37 

He is decorated with a green ribbon round his nee*, in tlii 
form of a collar, to which is hung a pair of compasses, the 
points of which form an angle of ninety degrees ; which is the 
jewel of this degree. His apron is white, lined with green, and 
he carries a naked sword in his hand. All the brethren are 
decorated in the same manner with Zerbel, with a similar col- 
lar, jewel, and apron ; the flaps of the apron down, and the 
jewel embroidered or painted thereon. In the middle of the 
apartment are painted four circles on a square stone, with the 
letter I in the centre; the outer circle enclosing the other 
three. 

FORM OF OPENING THE LODGE. 

T. P. I. R. W. M. Brother Inspector Stolkin, is the lodge 
tiled, and are we all Perfect Masons ? 

S. Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable, and Worship- 
ful Master, it is, and we are all Perfect Masters. 

T. P. I. R. W. M. If so, give notice that I am about to 
open the lodge of Perfect Masters. 

S. Respectable brethren, the Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, 
Respectable, and Worshipful Master gives you notice that he 
is about to open the lodge of Perfect Masters. 

As a call to order, the Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, Respec- 
table, and Worshipful Master knocks four times ; the Inspector 
does the same ; and the same is done by one brother in the 
south, and another in the north. Then all the brethren make 
the sign of admiration, with their eyes lifted up to heaven, their 
arms extended, and hands open. Then, looking down upon 
the earth, they cross their arms upon their bellies and exclaim 
altogether — consummatum est, 

T. P. I. R. W. M. Brother Stolkin, what is the clock ? 

S. It is four. 

T. P. I. R. W. M. If so, it is time for the workmen to be- 
gin their labour. Give notice that the lodge of Perfect Mas- 
ters is opened. 

The Inspector gives this notice, and the work begins in a 

RECEPTION OR PASSING. 

The candidate or secret Master being in the preparing room, 
decorated as such, the master of the ceremonies moves from 



seal in solemn silence, and striking the Inspector four times on 
the right shoulder, thus addresses him : — Venerable Brother 
Inspector, Brother N , a secret Master, is now in the ante- 
chamber, and solicits the favour of being admitted a Perfect 
Master. 

The Inspector then reports him to the chair, on which the 
Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable, and Worshipful 
Master asks : — Is he deserving of this honour, and do you an- 
swer for his zeal, fervour, and constancy ? 

S. Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable, and Worship- 
ful Master, I do. 

T. P. I. R. W. M. Let him then be instructed in the usual 
manner. 

The Inspector orders the master of the ceremonies to go and 
introduce the candidate, who is to be first examined in the 
former degrees. He is also divested of his sword and every 
thing offensive. A green silk cord is thrown round his neck, 
both ends of which are held by the master of the ceremonies 
in his left hand, with a naked sword in his right. He is thus 
led to the door of the lodge, on which the master of the cere- 
monies strikes four times. The Inspector inside repeats the 
four knocks, and informs the lodge that somebody knocks as 
Perfect Master. The Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable 
and Worshipful Master orders the Inspector to inquire who 
knocks. The Inspector orders the Tiler to open the door cau- 
tiously, and to inquire who it is." The Tiler obeys, and is an- 
swered by Zerbel, that Brother N , a secret Master, is de- 
sirous of being admitted to the honours of a Perfect Master. 
The Tiler then shuts the door, and reports the candidate's 
request to the Inspector, who communicates it to the Thrice 
Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable and Worshipful Master, who 
orders the candidate to be introduced. The door is opened, 
and he is led to the south side, near the tomb, having the sign 
of a secret Master on him. The Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, 
Respectable, and Worshipful Master, seeing him in that atti- 
tude thus addresses him : — 

What do you desire, my brother? 

Candidate. The favour of being received a Perfect 
ill aster. 

ju P. I. R. W. M. Brother Inspector, teach the brother to 
«raveiL 



39 

The Inspector leads him by the green silk cord from the 
south passing by the west, four times round the lodge. At each 
angle, he gives the different signs, from the apprentice upward, 
and does the same every time he passes the Master. After 
which, he is carried to the tomb, which he is made to cross 
saltier (by a leap.) He is then led up to the altar, with his 
right knee a little bent, having still the sign of a secret Master 
©n him. After a short pause the Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, 
Respectable, and Worshipful Master bids him advance, kneel, 
and lay his hand on the Bible, to take the obligation. The 
penalty of which is dishonour, in addition to all former obliga- 
tions and penalties. 

The Thrice Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable, and Worship- 
ful Master takes one end of the cord that is round the candi- 
date's neck and draws it off, saying : my dear brother, I draw 
you from your vicious life, and by the virtue of the power 
which I have received from the most illustrious of kings, I 
raise you to the dignity of a Perfect Master, on condition that 
you fulfil and faithfully observe every thing that is prescribed 
by our bye-laws. This the candidate promises to do. 

The first sign of this degree is the sign of admiration. Ex- 
tend your arms, open your hands, and look towards heaven. 
Then let your hands fall, and cross them on your belly as low- 
as you can, with your eyes looking mournfully towards the 
earth. 

The second sign is, to bring the toes of your right foot reci- 
procally to each other, until your knees touch. Lay your hand 
on your heart, and then draw it across your breast, forming a 
square with your elbow. 

The third sign is, to clench each other's wrist, like the Mas- 
ters : carry your left hand between each other's shoulders, and 
press four times hard with the fingers on the back, when you 
give the Master's word, which is Mahabone or Macbenach. 
Then, interlace the four fingers of your right hand with the 
thumbs upright, passing against each other and forming a 
square. The pass-word is Acassia: the sacred word gave* 



HISTORY OF THIS DEGREE. 

Solomon, having been informed that the body of Hiram AbifF 
was found and already deposited on the outside of the temple* 



40 

towards the north, near to a well, in which his jewel had been 
found, was happy to have the poor consolation of finding the 
precious remains of so great a man. He gave orders and 
strict charge to his Grand Inspector, the noble Adoniram 
that the funeral obsequies should be as pompous and mag- 
nificent as for the king himself. He likewise ordered that, 
all the brethren should attend it with white aprons and gloves, 
and strictly forbad that the bloody stains should be washed 
away, until he had wreaked his vengeance on the perpetrators 
of the horrid deed. The noble !Adoniram, chief of the works 
of the temple, soon finished a plan for a beautiful monument, 
which was erected and finished in nine days. It was made of 
black and white marble. The heart of Hiram AbifT was en- 
closed in an urn, and exposed for nine days on the three steps 
of the sanctum sanctorum, previous to the finishing of the 
temple, and then placed on the top of a beautiful obelisk, 
which was built on the side of the temple, at the west door, a 
little to the north, in order to mark out the place where the 
murderers had first deposited him in a pit, before they removed 
him to the place where Stolkin found him under the sprig of 
Cassia. The heart of the excellent Hiram Abiff was then ex- 
posed to public view in the urn with a sword run through it. 
The brethren came to express their grief on the occasion, 
kneeling on the first step which led to the sanctum sanctorum. 
At the expiration of nine days, the heart was deposited on the 
obelisk, and covered with a triangular stone, on which was 
i engraved, in Hebrew, the characters I. M. B. The I is the 
initial letter of the ancient master's word, and M. B. are 
initials of the new word. A sprier of Cassia was engraved over 
the I. 

After this, Solomon had all the triangular medals taken from 
the Masters, and the Master's word changed to that now given 
in the third degree. The body of the respectable Hiram Abiff 
was buried in the middle of the great chamber, separated from 
the temple, with all the honours due to so great a man. It was 
in this chamber that Solomon used to hold his chapter, and 
confer with Hiram, King of Tyre, and Hiram Abiff, on the 
sacred mysteries. Three days after the ceremonies were over, 
Solomon, surrounded by all his court, went to the Temple, and 
till the workmen were placed in the same order as on the day 
of the funeral, The king offered up a prayer to the Almighty 



m 

then examined the tomb, the canopy, the repeated triangle, and 
the ielters which were engraved thereon. He also examined 
the pyramid, and finding everything perfectly executed, he 
cried, in ecstacy — consummatum est. All the brethren an- 
swered with the sign of admiration, and said, Amen, amen, 
amen. 

CATECHISM. 

Q. Are you a perfect master ? 

.A. I have seen the circle and the square enclosing the two 
columns. 

Q. Where were they placsd ? 

A. On the place where was deposited the body of our Mas- 
ter, Hiram Abiff. 

Q. What do the columns represent ? 

A. The columns of Jachin and Boaz, through which I must 
nave passed to arrive at the degree of perfect master. 

Q. What could Solomon mean by establishing this degree ? 

A. He did it in honour of Hiram AbifT, in order to imprint 
on the minds of the people an unaffected love and respect, for 
his memory, and to incite in them a desire to find out his mur- 
derers ; for, at this time, it was not known x>f the murderers' 
audaciousness to mix themselves with the brethren, and to par- 
take in the general expressions of consternation end grief, in 
order to conceal their guilt, and prevent suspicion. Solomon, 
to ascertain this, ordered a general muster of all the workmen, 
and found that they all answered to their names, excepting the 
ruffians who had run away. He therefore ordered the noble 
Adoniram to build an elegant monument for him, at the west- 
south west part of the temple, that there the body should be 
privately interred, and no brother admitted to the knowledge of 
*t, who was not a secret master. The body was also privately 
embalmed and some time after removed to another apartment, 
separated from the temple, where the King held the chapter, 
the heart of that great man, after being exposed nine days, on 
the third step of the sanctum sanctorum, and having received 
the homage of the brethren who knelt on the first step, was then 
deposited in the urn, and fixed on the top of the obelisk, with a 
sTvord pierced through it, implying, tfc- * uch an atrocious deed 
had cried aloud for public vengeance . 



42 

Q. What instructions have you received from the different 
degrees through which you have passed ? 

A. By them I have learned to regulate my morals, to 
oleanse my heart from all stain, in order to qualify myself for 
the high desire of perfection, at which I hope some day to 
arrive. 

Q. What does the square stone in the middle of the circle 
mean? 

A. It teaches us, that the foundation of our building 
must be laid on a living rock, of which we are originallv 
formed. 

Q. For what are the circles ? 

A. They are an emblem of the Divinity which hath neither 
beginning nor end. 

Q. What do they altogether represent ? 

A. The creation of the universe, which was accomplished by 
the will of God, and the power which he gave to the primitive 
qualities. 
~~Q. What do you mean by primitive qualities? 

A. I mean heat, cold, and moifture, from the combination of 
which the four elements sprung. 

Q. How came they to be mentioned here ? 

A. In order to remind us, that God is every where, and 
that without the divine influence, no solid building can be 
raised. 

Q. What does the letter I, in the middle of the square stone,,, 
signify? 

A. It is the initial letter of the Perfect Master's word. 

Q. Will you pronounce it ? 

A. Jave. 

Q. What does it mean ? 

A. It is the name by which I know the Grand Architect o^ : 
the Universe. 

Q. How have you been received Perfect Master ? 

A. By a point to my heart and a rope round my neck. 

Q. Why a point to your heart? 

A. In memory that I have consented that my heart should 
be plucked out. 

Q. Why had you a rope round your neck ? 

A . To teach me that by this humbling power, I must not 
pride myself in the progress which I make in Masonry and! 
virtue. 



43 

Q. How many signs have you ? 

A. One by five. 

Q. Why one by five ? 

A. To call to my memory the degrees through MiicXi-1 Lave 
passed. 

Q. How many tokens have you ? 

A. One by five, which reminds me of my five points of en- 
trance. 

Q. What are they ? 

A. The four rounds about the Temple, and the fifth, the sign 
of admiration.,. 

Q. What does the tomb represent, which you perceived when 
you entered the lodge ? 

A. The burial of our respectful Master AbifT, in the 
valley. 

Q. Why is it placed at the north part of the sanctuary ? 

A. To teach us, that a man must divest himself of ail 
worldly care, to be qualified to enter the sanctum sane- 
torum. 

Q. What is the meaning of the rope that comes from the 
coffin in the north, goes by the obelisk in the south, and binds 
the columns together which are fixed cross ways ? 

A. It represents the rope which the brethren made to draw 
up the body, and afterwards to let down the coffin. That rope 
was made of green and white. 

Q. Does it signify anything else ? 

A. It further signifies, that we have broken through the dark- 
ness of sin. 

Q. What have you done in entering the lodge ? 

A. I came to the altar, working as an Entered Apprentice, 
Fellow-Craft, and Master, to cross the two columns. 

Q. Why so? 

A. To remind me, that it was by the means of having 
passed through those degrees, that I have obtained the honour 
of being made a Perfect Master. 

Q. Is there no mystery couched under this explanation ? 

A. It teaches us that we cannot arrive at the sanctum sanc- 
torum by any other method than by a purity of morals, a rec- 
titude of intention and secrecy, which are to be learnt in the 
first degree. 

Q. Why did you enter the sanctum sanctorum by the side ? 



A. That I might learn by it to avoid the common way of 
mankind. 

Q. What is your colour ? 

A. Green. 

Q. For what reason ? 

A. To imprint on my mind, that, being dead to sin, I ex- 
pect to gain new life by the practice of virtue, and to make a 
progress by these means in the sublime science, which I hope 
some day to be acquainted with, by arriving at the highest 
degree. 

Q. Who can communicate them to you ? 

A. God alone, whose knowledge is infinite 1 

Q. What do the two pyramids on your draft represent, one 
being in the south and the other in the north, and what signify 
the figures on them ? 

A. The two pyramids represent Egypt, where the sciences 
were much cultivated, and whence some had their origin. On 
the south pyramid is drawn the meteor which guided the Mas- 
ter, in search of the body of Hiram AbifF ; and on the north 
pyramid, the Perfect Master Mason's Jewel is represented. 

Q. What does the Perfect Master Mason's Jewel signify ? 

A. It puts us in mind, that, as Perfect Masters, we should 
act according to the strict rules of propriety, caution, and 
attention, in the whole tenor of our proceedings through 
life. 

Q What was the name of the Master of the appren- 
tices ? 

A. His name was Boaz, and to him Solomon did the 
honour of calling the column on the left side of the Temple 
after him. 

Q, Who was the Master of the Fellow-Craft ? 

A. His name was Jachin, a man much esteemed and re- 
spected by Solomon, who did him the honour of calling the 
right hand pillar after his name, and at which place he paid the 
Crafts their wages. 

Q. What was the name of the Master of the Masters ? 

A. His name was Mahabone or Macbenach, a very virtuous 
man, held in the highest esteem by Solomon, and one of the 
£rst intendants of his building. He was also the intimate 
friend of Hiram AbifF, which induced Solomcn to send him in 
search o f the body of his deceased friend, when every former 



45 

attempt to find it had proved ineffectual. Solomon ordered 
him to go, and requested three things of him : first, thai ne 
should bring back that respectable man's jewel ; second, that 
he should bring with him that ever-to-be-lamented man, dead 
or alive ; and third, that he should discover the perpetrators of 
that horrid deed. 

Q. Did Macbenach comply with these three orders? 

A. With fifteen others, who were chosen to attend him on 
this search, he first went to the Temple, where, seeing the blood 
that had been spilt in many parts, he traced it to a well in the 
north part of the Temple, whence he concluded, that Hiram 
AbifThad been killed and thrown into this well. Thus prompted, 
and further encouraged by a luminous meteor which stood over 
the well, he determined to have it drawn dry. This being done, 
he went down into it, found not the body, but the Master's 
'ewel. It appears, that Hiram AbifF, when attacked by the 
ruffians, must have plucked off this jewel, and thrown it into 
the well near the great staircase, rather than it should fall into 
the hands of such villains. Macbenach blessed heaven, and 
iointly with his companions offered up a prayer of thanksgiving 
for their signal success. After this they went on, in order to 
comply with the other parts of their instructions. They had 
the meteor still for their guide, when they stopped at a small 
hill between Lydria and Joppa to rest awhile, and then it was, 
that Brother Stolkin found the body of the respectable Hiram 
AbifF as is related in the third degree* 

FORM OF CLOSING THE LODGE. 

T. P. I. R. W. M. What is the clock, Brother Stolkin ? 

S. Thriee Puissant, Illustrious, Respectable and Worshipful 
Adoniram, it is five o'clock. 

T. P. I. R. W. M. Since it is five o'clock, and the work is 
ended, it is time to refresh ourselves, so give notice that I am 
going to close the lodge. 

S. Take notice brethren, that this lodge is about to be 
closed. Adoniram Stolkin, a brother in the south, and another 
in the north, each knock four times. ( They all make the sign 
of admiration and consternation at the tomb, and Adonimm 
pronounces the lodge closed.) 

CQNSUMMATUM EST 



45 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF INTIMATE 
SECRETARY, OBTAINED BY CURIOSITY, OR 
ENGLISH MASTER'S DEGREE. 

FORM OF THE LODGE. 

This lodge is lighted with twenty-seven lamps, in thret 
branches, nine in each, and placed, as in the third degree, 
east, west, and south, hung with black, and strewed with 
tears. 

At a reception, there are only two brethren in this lodge, 
who represent Solomon King of Israel, and Hiram King, or 
Tyre. They are dressed in blue robes, lined with ermine y with 
crowns on their heads, and sceptres in their hands. A tabi<i 
stands between them, on which are placed two swords, a cross, 
and a roll of parchment. The brethren in this lodge are called 
Perfect Masters, wear white aprons, lined, bordered, and 
trimmed with fiery red, a collar of the same to hang round 
their necks, with a plain triangle painted on the flap of the 
apron, and white gloves bordered with red. 

The room in which this lodge is held represents the Hall o£ 
Audience for Masons. It is opened and closed by twenty- 
seven knocks of a hammer, nine strokes at short intervals, and* 
an interval between the eighth and ninth. 

FORM OF OPENING. 

Solomon strikes his twenty-seven, 3 and Hiram -does the 
same. 

The brethren present bend , their right knees, cross their 
hands, and raise them so that their thumbs touch their fore- 
head. Then, altogether, they repeat the word Jova in a low 
voice. They then draw their swords and retire ; Solomon hav- 
ing appointed them guards, with a captain and lieutenant, 
whose business it is to see that the others behave themselves 
with decency, to keep the lodge well tiled, and to drive away 
brethren who would come near it : thus there remain in the 
lodge only the two kings. 

FORM OF RECEPTION. 

The candidate being; in the anti-chamber, the Captain of the 
Guards orders one of the men to taKe awa# his hat, sword, 



47 

gloves, apron, and jewel of Perfect Master. He is then placed 
at the lodge-door, which is purposely left on the jar, that he may 
peep in at the two kings. When he is well fixed, the Guards 
make a noise, which being heard by Hiram, he looks about, 
and seeing a man peeping, throws up his hands and cries in a 
rage : O heavens ! we are overheard ! Solomon says, that can- 
not be, as my guards are at the door. Hiram, without reply, 
runs to the door, seizes the listener by the hands, drags him 
into Solomon's presence, and says, here, see then ! Solomon 
asks what shall be done with him. Hiram says we must pu 
him to death, and puts his hand on his sword. Solomon quits 
his place, runs to Hiram, lays his hand upon the sword, and 
says : Stop, my brother. He then strikes hard on the table, on 
which the Captain and his Guards enter and salute the kings, 
by drawing their right hands from their left shoulder to their 
right hip. Solomon says to them : take away this guilty man, 
and let him be forthcoming when wanted : your lives must an- 
swer for him. {They depart with the -prisoner.) 

Solomon and Hiram remain alone for some time, as if in con- 
templation, and talking very low. Solomon strikes the table 
loudly, when the Captain and his guards enter, leading the 
candidate, and remain with him in the west, till, by a sign given 
by Solomon, they bring him before the throne. The brethren 
then take their places, and Solomon thus addresses the candi- 
date : — 

By my entreaties and solicitations, I have so far prevailed on 
my ally, the King of Tyre, whom you, by your curiosity, had 
so offended, as to oblige him to pronounce a sentence of death 
upon you ; I have so far prevailed on him, as not only to 
procure his pardon for your offence, but have even obtained his 
consent to receive you as an Intimate Secretary to the ar- 
ticles of our new alliance. Do you think that you can in- 
violably keep secret what we are about to communicate to 
*ou, and will you bind yourself to it by an ? nviolable ob- 
ligation ? 

Answer. I do and will. 

The penalty of this obligation is to have the body opened, 
entrails plucked out, heart torn to pieces, and the whole 
jhrown to the wild beasts of the forests, guaranteed by three 
amens. 

Solomon then shows the draft of the lodge to the candidate, 



43 

and thus explains it to him. The window represented in the 
clouds is an emblem of the dome of the Temple. In the glass 
of it is the letter I, which is the initial of the name of the Grand 
Architect of the Universe, Jova. The building at a distance 
represents Solomon's Palace, with the door and great gate to go 
in by the mausoleum. The tears marked out represent the 
mason's audience chamber, hung with black, where Solomon 
used to shut himself up, when he could spare a minute from bu- 
siness, to lament the unhappy fate of Hiram AbifF. It was in 
this chamber, that Hiram, King of Tyre, found him in a deep 
'meditation, when he came to visit him. The letter A signifies 
alliance ; the first P to the right of the mausoleum promise ; the 
other to the left perfection. 

Solomon orders the candidate to advance, and says to him, I 
receive you as Intimate Secretary, on the condition, that you 
will as faithfully fulfil your duty, and be as much attached to 
this order, as the person was whom you are about to succeed in 
office. The colour of the ribbon with which I now decorate 
you must ever bring to your memory the wounds which that 
great man received from the traitors who so inhumanly mur- 
dered him ; and, likewise, of the blood which he rather chose 
to spill trten to reveal the secrets with which I am about to en- 
trust. We expect, my brother, that your fidelity will be proof 
against all temptations and dangers ; and that the sword which 
I give you will serve to protect you against any villain who shall 
dare attempt to surprise you into a confession of our mys 
teries. 

The first sign is to draw your right hand from your left 
shoulder to your right hip, as the penalty of your obligation. 

The second sign is to raise both your hands, cross them, and 
let them fall by your sword, at the same time lifting up your 
eyes to heaven. 

The grip is to take each other's right hand, in the usual 
manner of saluting. The one turns the other's hand, and says- 
Berith, which signifies alliance. The other turns and say?; 
Neder, which is promise. The first turns again, and says 
Shilomoth. 

The pass-word is Joabert, which is the name of the favour- 
ite of Solomon, that peeped in at the door, and the answer is 
Zerbel, the name of the Captain of the Guards. The sacred 
word is Jova, 



49 



HISTORY OF THIS DEGREE. 



Solomon, in consequence of the treaty established between 
him and the ambassadors of Hiram, King of Tyre, solemnly 
covenanted to furnish Hiram with a certain number of mea- 
sures of oil, honey, and wheat, and a grant of province con- 
sisting of thirty governments, in exchange for timber, hewn, 
formed and drawn from the Forest of Lebanon, by King 
Hiram's people, and hewn stones to be formed in the Quarries 
of Tyre, and fitted for immediate use. This treaty was to have 
been fulfilled as the Temple should be finished. But Solomon 
allowed a year to elapse, without paying any regard to its ful- 
filment ; during which, Hiram visited the province, and had the 
mortification to find it a barren and sandy soil, inhabited by an 
uncultivated people, so that its possession was rather likely to 
be a burthen than a benefit. Not hearing from Solomon, he 
determined to go in person to Jerusalem, to expostulate with 
him for having neglected to comply with the terms of the treaty. 
On his arrival, he entered the palace, went through the guard- 
room, where Solomon's court was assembled, and rushed di- 
rectly into the king's apartment, who happened to be alone, 
bemoaning the loss of Hiram Abiff. Hiram walked so hastily, 
and seemingly in so passionate a manner, as to raise the suspi- 
cion of Joabert, one of Solomon's favourites. Struck with a 
notion that Hiram had some evil design on Solomon, Joabert 
followed to the door to listen, and was discovered there by 
Hiram, who exclaimed: — u O heavens! we are discovered!" 
and running to the door, seized Joabert by the hand and dragged 
him into Solomon's presence, saying, here he is ! Solomon, who 
could not doubt the trespass, said, what shall w r e do with this 
criminal ? Hiram replied, we must kill him, and drew his 
sword for that purpose ; on which Solomon, rushing from his 
throne, cried, stop, my brother, and suspend your wrath awhile. 
He gave a hard knock on the table, on which the guards came 
in. Solomon said to them, seize that guilty man, and be an>~ 
swerablefor his appearance when requested. The guards retired 
with their prisoner, and Solomon thus addressed Hiram. This 
man, sir, is the only person among my favourites, and the lords 
of my court, who has zeal and an affectionate attachment to my 
person. I know him sufficiently to be convinced, that his in- 
discretion is less to be attributed to an imprudent curiosity, than 



to his apprehensions for my safety.- Tour looks, change of 
countenance, and hasty manner of passing through the guard 
room, were the causes that excited his curiosity and alarm for 
my person. I, therefore, entreat of you to recal the sentence 
of death which you have pronounced against him, and 1 will 
be answerable for his zeal and discretion. Hiram, seeing how 
agreeable it would be to Sojomon that his favourite should be 
pardoned, readily consented, and the two kings renewed their 
treaty, which was to be perpetual, with different claims, and 
promises on both sides of lasting friendship, to which Joabert 
was Intimate Secretary. This, my dear brother, is what is re- 
presented to you in your reception as Intimate Secretary. 

catechism. ; 

Q. Are you an Intimate Secretary ? 

A. I am (with the eyes lifted to heaven.) 

Q. How were you received ? 

A. By my curiosity. 

Q. Did you run anv risk by it ? 

A. Yes, a risk of losing my life. 

Q. What was done to you after you were elected ? 

A. I was committed to the care of the guard, and expected 
to have sentence of death passed upon me. 

Q. Were they Intimate Secretaries of Perfect Masters ? 

A. I was then ignorant of it; but have since found that my 
resolution, firmness, and perseverance, procured me the favour 
of being the first initiated into this degree. 

Q. What are the pass-words ? 

A. Joabert and Zerbel. 

Q. What do they signify ? 

A. Joabert is the name of him that listened at the door, and 
Zerbel is the name of r the captain of the King's Guards. 

Q. What is your grand word ? 

A. Jova. 

Q. What were you before you were an Intimate Secretary? 

A. A favourite of King Solomon's. 

Q. From what country did you come ? 

A. From Capula. 

Q. What is your name ? 

A. Capulist 



51 

Q. How many governments did Solomon give to Hiram, 
King of Tyre, in return for the work done by his people for the 
/em pie ? 

A. Thirty. 

Q. Where was it that you were received 

A. In Solomon's hall, hung with black, and illuminated with 
twenty-seven lamps. 

Q. What signifies the letter I, which you saw in the win- 
dow? 

A, Jova. 

Q. What does that word signify ? 

A. It is the third pronunciation of the Grand Architect of the 
Universe, which in this degree signifies to return thanks to God 
the work is complete. 

Q. What signify the A and two P's in the triangle ? 

A. The A means alliance, the first P, promise, the second, 
verfection. 

Q* Why is the lodge lighted with twenty-seven lights ? 

A. To represent the twenty-seven hundred candlesticks, 
which Solomon ordered to be made lor the illumination of the 
temple. 

Q. W T hat does the door in the draft of the lodge represent? 

A. The door of Solomon's palace. 

Q. What means the triangle that hangs to your ribbon ? 

A. The three theological virtues — faith, hope, and charity. 

FORM OF CLOSING THE LODGE. 

Solomon strikes twenty-seven, by three-times nine ; which 
are repeated by Hiram. The brethren bend their right knees, 
cross their hands, raise them so as to bring their thumbs to 
their temples, and, in a low voice, pronounce the grand word 
Jova. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF INTEND- 
ANT OF THE BUILDINGS, OR MASTER IN 
ISRAEL. 

IORM OF THE LODGE. 

This lodge is hung with red, and illuminated with twe 
seven 1 ights. distributed by three times nine, besides five 



lights, which are placed at the foot of the altar, opposite to the 
Thrice Puissant Master, who represents Solomon, King of 
Israel. The first warden represents Titc Prince Harodim ; the 
second, Adoniram, the son of Abda. Solomon stands in the 
east, and the wardens in the west, forming a triangle. Adoni- 
ram acts as Grand Master of the Ceremonies. All the brethren 
wear a red triangle collar round their necks, to which a triangle 
is suspended, on one side of which are engraved the initials of 
the following words — Benhoram, Echad, Jachin&i — signifying 
— Freemasons have one God. Oh ! the eternal ! . On the re- 
verse, the initials of Judaha, Ky, Jaea — signifying God, the 
Lord. In the middle of the triangle, on the one side, is en- 
graved G, and on the other side, the letter A, signifying Grand 
Architect. The apron is white, lined with red, and bordered 
with green. It has a star in the middle, darting nine rays. 
Above that is drawn or embroidered a pair of scales. On the 
iiap is a triangle : with the letters B, A, I, in the angles 



FORM OF OPENING THE LODGE. 

The Thrice Puissant Grand Master holds a sceptre in his 
hand, and says, — Illustrious brethren, are we tiled ? 

A. Thrice Puissant Master, we are safe and secur here. 

Q. What is the clock 

A. It is break of day. 

The T. P. M. then strikes the altar five times, which is re- 
peated by Tito and Adoniram with their mallets. 

T. P. M. As it is break of day, it is time to begin our work. 
My brothers, this lodge is opened. 

All the brethren clap their hands five times, and make the 
sign of admiration, by carrying their right hand to their fore 
heads, the fingers a little extended, to prevent the light ; then 
extend their arms and hands, looking to heaven. After this, they 
let their hands fall on their bellies, forming a triangle, with tha 
two thumbs and fore-fingers. 

FORM OF RECEPTION 

The candidate must be barefoot. The Thrice Puissant Master 
gavg — Brother Tito, how shall we repair the loss which we have 



53 

sustained by the melancholy and traitorous murder of our nevei- 
to-be-forgotten master, Hiram Abiff? You know that it was 
he alone who was to be entrusted with the decorations of the 
secret chamber, where everything the dearest and the most 
respectable initials were to be concealed. There the ark was 
to be deposited, and, by the presence and protection of the 
Almighty, was insured. Scarcely had this great master ret 
about this work, when he was snatched from us by the most 
horrid and infamous plot. Most illustrious wardens, advise 
me what to do. 

Tito. Thrice Puissant Master, I am fully aware of the loss 
we have sustained, as well as of the difficulty we have to repair 
it. In my opinion, the only remedy we have is, to appoint a 
chief for each of the five orders of architecture, and that we 
unite to give him every assistance in our power towards the 
completion of this third secret master. 

T. P. M. Most illustrious prince and brother Tito, your 
advice is too good to be neglected ; and to show you how much 
I am swayed by it, I now appoint you, Brother Adoniram, and 
Abda his father, to inspect the work. Go to the middle cham- 
ber, and see if there be any of the chiefs of the five orders of 
architecture there. 

The Grand Master of the Ceremonies withdraws to the other 
room, and inquires if there be any chiefs there. The candidate 
answers, — I am here. The G, M. C. puts to him the follow- 
ing question. 

Q. Are you possessed of zeal to apply with scrupulous at- 
tention to the works which the Thrice Puissant Master will 
commit to your care ? 

A. 1 look upon it as the greatest happiness and advantage I 
am blessed with, to have an opportunity of conversing with him 
on the great and glorious work, when he purposed to erect a 
temple to the Almighty, worthy of his glory. 

Adoniram receives from the candidate the sign, token, and 
word of the three first degrees ; after which, he leads him to 
tne door of the lodge, and knocks three, five, and seven time3, 
at intervals. The door is opened by a brother, to whom Adoni- 
ram says, — The brother, whom I introduce, is one who work* 
in the middle chamber. He is allowed to pass, acd is takeu 
by the hand by Adoniram, with the master's grip, to the middle 
of the lodge, where he is instructed to kneel on a square fiag 



54 

stone, opposite to a table, behind which Tito sits, who puts a 
sprig of cassia, or any other green sprig, into his hand, and 
then, in that position, he takes the obligation : the penalty of 
v/hich is, to observe all rules laid down by the grand council of 
the Princes of Jerusalem, under the penalty of all former obli- 
gations, with the addition, ' that his body may be severed in 
two, and bowels torn out, and given as a prey to the fowls of 
the air, in justice and equity/ Amen. Amen. Amen. 

The obligation ovei, a brother comes behind, covers him with 
a red veil, lifts him up, sets him on a stool in the middle of the 
lodge, and thus addresses him : — 

My dear brother — Solomon, King of Israel, being willing and 
desirous to carry on to the highest degree of perfection, if pos- 
sible, the works commenced by Hfram Abiff ? he has thought 
proper, to effect this business, to employ the live chiefs of the 
five orders in architecture, assisted by the three Princes of 
Harodim, Tito, Abda, aud his son Adoniram. He was well 
convinced of their zeal and abilities, and therefore hoped to see 
the work completed in a masterly manner. We flatter our- 
selves, my dear brother, that you will contribute with all your 
might to this grand end. As you represent a dead men, it 
must be to you an emblem, that, in order to succeed in this 
great work, you must execute it with the same spirit as our 
respectable master, Hiram Abiff, would have done. You must 
also be possessed of the same spirit and resolution as he was — 
which was to prefer death to the divulging of the mysteries of 
the Order. We hope you will follow his example. I will now 
raise you, not as you were raised before, but as Hiram AbifF 
was raised by Stolkin. 

4doniram takes the candidate's right elbow in his left hand, 
with the right gives him the master's grip, and, by three pulls, 
lifts him and throws the veil from his face. All the Puissant 
Grand Masters give him the sign, token, and word. 

The first sign is that of amazement and surprise, which is 
done by lifting your hands as high as your cheeks, the fingers 
perpendicular, and both thumbs touching the ears, so as to 
form two squares. In walking, you stop as if astonished ; and 
when standing, throw your body back. 

The second sign is. to clap your right hand to your forehead, 
with your fingers and nails turned on the eyes, and say, — Ben* 



55 

>ioram. Your brother answers by interlacing the fingers <?f both 
hands, and by putting the back part of them to the left td© of 
the belly, and looking up to heaven, says, — Echad. 

The third sign is that of grief, figurative of the Fellow Craft's 
sign. Carry your right hand to your heart, and at the same 
time your left hand low down on the left side, as if to struggle. 
Then move your elbow three times in a circular manner from 
side to side, and say, — Ky ; to which the other responds, — 
Jaca. s 

The token is to touch each other's heart, pass and take each 
other with the right hand by the middle of the arm, and, with 
the. left hand, by the elbow : pass it three times. The one 
vtters the grand word Jachinai, and the other answers Judah. 

CATECHISM. 

Q. Are you an Intendant of the Building ? 

A. I have taken five steps of exactitude, and have penetrated 
into the inner part of the temple. I have seen the effects of the 
great and resplendent light, in the middle of which I have seen, 
in Hebrew characters, the three mysterious letters — I, I, I, — 
without knowing what they mean. 

Q. How were you received Intendant of the Building"? - 

A. By acknowledging my ignorance. 

Q. "Why were you raised to that degree ? 

A. In order to expel the darkness in which I am encircled, 
and to get such light as would regulate my heart, and enlighten 
my understanding. 

Q. In what place were you introduced ? 

A. In a place full of wonder and charms, where virtue an<?_ 
sovereign wisdom reside. 

Q. What is the duty of an Intendant of the Building ? 

A. To keep the brethren steady in the practice of virtue, by 
setting them a good example to correct their works. 

Q. Why is it required, in this degree, before you are ad 
mitted, to show that you are well instructed in the three first 
degrees of Masonry ? 

A. To show that it is only gradually that we can arrive at 
perfection. 

Q. What do you learn from the three first degrees ? 

A. The first teaches moral virtue; the second, political vir- 
tue ; and the third, heroic virtue. 



56 

Q. Why were you obliged to take your steps backwards as 
well as forwards in your different degrees ? 

A. To show that the progress towards virtue was slow and 
gradual ; that we must by humility curb that pride which is 
natural to us, before we can presume to hope for perfection : 
and also, that we must judge so far impartially of our actions, 
and so far effectually govern our passions, as not to leave any- 
thing exceptionable in our conduct 

Q. Can you explain the mysteries of our lodge ? 

A. I will endeavour to do it in the best manner I can. 

Q. What do the three mysteries in your jewel signify? 

A. Jachinai signifies divine beauty — Judah divine wisdom. 
The three letters I, in the middle of the triangle of the blazing 
star, are the initials of the sacred and nameless word. 

Q. What does the circle in the inside of the third triangle 
imply? 

A. The immensity of God's power, which hath neither be- 
ginning nor end. 

Q. What do the three in the circle mean ? 

A. Oh ! the Eternal alone possesseth the attributes of Di- 
vinity. 

Q. What are the chief attributes of the Divinity ? 

A. Beauty 6. Omniscience 11. Justice 7. Wisdom 7. 
Eternity 8. Compassion 10. Boundless 10. Perfection 8. 
Creation and Mercy 14. These make in all the number 81. 

Q. Explain to me the square of 9, which you see in ths 
triple triangle ? 

A. Nine, thrice multiplied by three, makes 81. 

Q. Why do you place Solomon, King of Israel, in the tern 
pie ? 

A. In memory of his being the first who constructed a temple 
to his Lord. 

Q. Why do you place a brazen sea in the temple ? 

A. To let us know that the temple of God is holy, and 
that we must not enter it before we are purified from all un- 
ci eanness. 

Q. What does the left side of the temple signify? 

A. Masonry, under the laws of types and ceremonies. 

Q. What does the right side of the temple signify ? 

A. Freemasonry, under the laws of grace and truth. 

Q. What is the meaning of the tomb, which is under tVe 



threshold of the door of the sanctuary in your decrees of ?€> 
feet Master and Provost and Judge ? 

A. It shows that we must be purified by death, before we 
can enter into the mansions of bliss. 

Q, What does the candlestick with seven branches signify? 

A. The presence of the Holy Spirit in the heart of those who 
faithfully observe the law. 

Q. Why are you barefooted at the time of reception ? 

A. Because Moses was so when on the mount. 

Q. What did you hear before you entered the lodge? 

A. Five great strokes ? 

Q. What do they denote ? 

A. The five points of felicity. 

Q. What happened in conseo^ience, and what was done with 
you? 

A. A warden immediately appeared, who supported and 
carrried me round the temple five times. , 

Q. What was his intention in so doing ? 

A. Surprise, wonder, and grief, took possession of my mind 
all the time. 

Q. Why were you thus affected ? 

A. I was thus affected at the sight of what was enclosed in, 
the blazing star. 

Q. Pray, what could that be ? 

A. Something that was mysterious, and appertaining to the 
Grand Architect of the universe, which I hope to be acquainted 
with in time. 

Q, Why had the stai five points or rays ? 

A. It was to show, fitst, that in the construction of the tem- 
ple the five orders of architecture were made use of : second, 
to represent the five points of felicity : fourth, the five senses, 
without which man is imperfect : fourth, the five lights of Ma- 
sonry : and fifth, the five zones of Masonry. 

Q. What are the five point? of felicity? 

A. To walk, to intercede for, to pray, to love, and to assis* 
your brethren, so as to be united with them in heart and mind. 

Q. Why were you seized with wonder ? 

A. It was on seeing the beauty and ornaments of the temple. 
whereof I saw but a part. 

Q. W T hy did you not see the whole ? 

A. A thick veil concealed a p&rt of my view ; but I hop* 
19 g 



58 

that the strong desire which I have to improve in my zeal 
for the royal art will disperse the cloud in time, which 
now obstructs my sight from them. 

Q. Why were you seized with grief? 

A. Because all the wonders I saw brought to my remem- 
brance the melancholy end of our respectable master, Hirae* 
Abiff. 

Q. How were you made to walk ? 

A. By the five points of exactness. 

Q. And what do you mean by this ? 

A. I mean the five solemn steps which I took in advancing 
to the foot of the throne of the powerful King of Israel, where 
I took my obligation in his presence. 

Q. Why, at your reception, were you obliged to represent a 
dead man ? 

A. It denotes to us, that good Masons should be silent to 
the world, and repair from its vices. 

Q. What do the seals imply, which are put into your hands ? 

A. An emblem of justice to my brethren. By the said scales- 
I ought also to weigh my own actions, and to regulate my own 
conduct, in order to justify the good opinion conceived of me 
by appointing me a master in Israel, and an Intendant of the 
Building. 

Q. Have you seen your illustrious and Perfect Master to- 
day ? 

A. I have seen him. 

Q. Where was he placed, and how clad ? 

A. He was placed in the east under a canopy bespangled 
with brilliant stars, and clad with azure and gold. 

Q. Have you any remains of darkness about you ? 

A. The morning star lights me, and the mysterious stars- 
guides me ? 

Q. Where were you thus conducted . 

A. I cannot tell you. 

Q. How old are you ? 

A. Twenty-seven. 
; Q. What number have you marked ? 

A. Five, seven, and fifteen. 

Q. Where did you remark them, and what do you mean ? 

A. I remarked them in the arrangement of the lights, and 
have already explained the two first numbers. The last repre- 



59 

sents the fifteen masters, headed by Mohabone, who foand tne 
body of Hiram Abiff. 

Q. Why do you wear a green ribbon, and the same colour 
on your apron ? 

A. To teach me that virtue and zeal in Masonry are the &u\y 
roads to lead me to true and sublime knowledge. 

Q. What does your jewel represent? 

A. The triple essence of the Divinity. 

FORM OF CLOSING IN THIS DEGREE. 

T. P. M, What is the clock, Illustrious Warden ? 

A. Thrice Puissant, the day is at an end. 

T. P. M. Remember, illustrious brethren, and think often 
of the five points of felicity. It is time to rest. 

The T. P. M. and wardens strike five times each. All the 
brethren clap five, seven, and fifteen times, and the lodge is 
closed. 



A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF" 
PAST MASTER. 

CATECHISM. 

W. M. How were you prepared as a Past Master of arts 
and sciences ? 

P. M. In the character of a Master Mason, and properly 
hoodwinked. 

W. M. Why were you hoodwinked 

P. M. To point out to me, that the secrets of this degree, 
perceptible by vision, were to be hidden from my sight, -until 
the light of my understanding had qualified me to receive 
them. 

W: M. What procured you admission ? 

P. M. Four distinct knocks, and the pass-word of a Master 
Mason. 

W. M. In what manner did you enter the lodge of a Past 
Master ? 

P. M. Upon four points of geometry, formed by the square* 
and compasses united, and the letter G in the centre. 

W. M* Why were you, initiated in this manner ? 



60 

Jt\ M. Because the compasses are the principal instruments 
belonging to the master mason ; and ihe two points elevated 
above the points of the square, denoted that I had arrived at 
the summit of operative Masonry. The letter G in the centre 
was the proper passport, that being the initial of the pass- 
word of this degree, signifying a Mason that is master of his 
profession. 

W. M. In what manner were you then dealt with ? 

P. M. I was conducted in the usual form, and by the proper 
steps of advancing, to receive the obligation. 

W. M. In what manner were you placed to receive the 
obligation ? 

P. M. Upon both my knees, my hands upon the holy Bible, 
and my mouth holding a pair of compasses over my hands. 

W. M. What was the reason of this peculiar position of the 
compasses ? 

P. M. As my hands had been instrumental in duly executing 
the noblest parts of operative Masonry, my mouth was thus 
employed to denote that I was then about to be passed a Past 
Master of Arts and Sciences. And as my head was then con- 
fined with the compasses by my hands on the Holy Bible, it 
strongly figured to my mind that the compass of God's word 
was to be the standard of every operation in my future life, 
that I might thereby arrive at the summit of Masonry, by pass- 
ing through the speculative degree of this mortal life, to that 
glorious and celestial lodge where the grand pass-word of the 
Almighty Architect will procure us admission, and with whom, 
peace, order, and harmony, will eternally reign. 

W. M. Be pleased to arise, and in proper position deliver 
the obligation ? 

[The additional penalty of this obligation is to have trie hands 
struck off at the wrist.] 

W. M. How did you confirm it 

P. M. With my lips four times on the Holy Bible. 

W. M. In what maimer were you raised ? 

P. M. By the grip of a Past Master 

W. M. Be pleased to advance, and give it to me with the 
first sign ? 

[The grip is to lay hold of the left hand of one brother by 
the right of the other, at the wrist, grasping it tight. The sign, 



61 

to place the thumb perpendicular on the lips, between the nose 
and chin, is indicative of silence.] 

W. M. To what do they allude ? 

P. M. The grip alludes to the part of the obligation, of 
having my hands struck off at the wrists ; and the sign alludes 
to that other part of the obligation, of having my arms struck 
off from my body and both hung at my breast, suspended at 
the neck, as an index of infamy till time and putridity consume 
the same. t 

W. M. Be pleased to deliver the second sign and its signi- 
fication ? (By extending the arm at length, and, with the thumb 
and finger, as if holding the plumb-line^) 

P. M. It alludes to the manner of distinguishing a brother 
of this degree at such a distance, that it prevents us from making 
use of any other method. 

W. M. Be pleased to communicate the chief word, and its 
signification ? 

P. M. Giblum or Chibbelum. It means a workman, who 
is master of his profession ; but more especially alluding to the 
excellency of the sculpture, in the stone-work of Solomon's 
temple. 

W. M. To what does the pass-grip allude ? 

P. M. That memorable characteristic which distinguished 
the ancient Sidonia workmen at the building of Solomon's 
temple, 

W. M. To what does the pass-word allude ? 

P. M. To the first and most distinguished workmen in the 
Porphyry stone-work, during the erection of that edifice. 

W. M. What is the distinguishing mark or signatwe used by 
the brothers of this degree ? 

P. M. The initial of its first noble chief officer, at that time 
in Jerusalem, to be placed in conjunction with the initial of 
that famous class of workmen, who distinguish themselves in 
that branch of operative masonry set apart for finishing the 
Porphyry materials. 

W . M. Where were you placed after your obligation ? 

P. M. After circumscribing the lodge by the Right Wor- 
shipful Master's command, from east to west, I was placed in 
a circle, in the centre, as a Past Master, to prove to all the bro- 
thers then present, that I was eligible to act in future, in con 



62 

junction with them, to superintend the workmen up to this 
order inclusive. 

W. M. Why is our Lodge in this degree dedicated to the 
noble prince Adoniram ? 

P. M. Because he was next in rank to Hiram AbifF, and also 
Grand Superintendent over the levy of Jerusalem, and the first 
Right Worshipful Master who presided over the Master Masons 
at that memorable period of time. 



A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF 
EXCELLENT MASONS. 

CATECHISM. 

W. M. How were you prepared as an Excellent Mason ? 

E. M. In the character of a Past Master of Arts and Sciences, 
and properly hoodwinked. 

W. M. Why were you hoodwinked in this degree ? 

E. M. It alludes to the darkness of the Jewish nation, prior 
to the delivery of the two tables of stone by the Almighty to 
Moses, which was to bring them to the light of those religious 
and moral laws, that were ever after to be the standard of their 
future lives and actions. 

W. M. What procured you admission? 

E. M. Five distinct knocks, and the pass- word of a Master 
of Arts and Sciences. 

W. M. In what manner did you enter? 

E. M. Upon the Trinity in Unity, figured out by five tri- 
angular points in geometry. 

W. M. Why were you introduced in that manner ? 

E. M. To denote, that I was about to enter on the foundation 
of geometric Masonry, the superstructure of which was the laws 
of that celestial Trinity which this instrument, on which I en- 
tered emblematically, represented. 

W. M. In what manner were you then dealt with ? 

E. M. I was conducted round the lodge in due form. 

W. M. What were you then ordered to do ? 

E. M. To advance by the same ^number of steps as I had 
t^en made in Masonry, accompanied with their respective po- 
sitions. 



/ 



£3 

W. M. In what manner were you placed to receive your 
new obligation ? 

E. M. Upon both knees bare and bended, my right hand 
on the Holy Bible, and the left extending the passport of my 
admission. 

W. M. Why called passport of admission? 

E. M. Because, if I had not previously proved myself qua- 
lined to perform those excellent branches of operative masonry, 
as a complete architect, in all its beautiful designs of sculpture, 
painting, tapestry, and ornaments, I should not have been found 
eligible for the sublime secrets contained in this degree ; there- 
fore, my left hand, extending this honourable emblem of ad- 
mission, was to denote to the brethren present, that I was a fit 
candidate for this degree; and extending it in full view of all 
the brothers, was the last signal for any of them to examine me, 
if they had any doubts of my pretensions or qualifications to 
become a member of this order. 

"W. M. How did you confirm your obligation ? 

E. M. With my lips five times upon the Holy Bible. 

W. M. How were you raised ? 

E. M. By the grip of an Excellent Mason. 

W. M. Be pleased to advance in due form and give it ? 

W. M. To what does it allude? 

E. M. To the penalty of the obligation. 

W. M. Be pleased to give me the grand emblematic sign, 
and tell me to what it alludes ? 

E. M. It alludes to that memorable event of Moses receiving 
the Ten Commandments upon the thrice famous Sinai, in the 
wilderness of Arabia. 

W. M. To what does this word allude ? 

E. M. To that grand period of time, when the Almighty con- 
descended to converse with Moses at the foot of mount Horeb, 
and gave him his commission to go to Pharaoh, and demand 
the liberation of the Jews from their Egyptian bondage. 

W. M. Being obligated and initiated, where were you 
placed ? 

E. M. Behind the veil of the temple, where I was ordered 
to restore myself to light, which enabled me to find, by a most 
singular phenomenon, that I stood upon holy ground. 

W. M. With what were you invested ? 

E. M. With the distinguishing external of an Excel?e«t 



64 

Mason, to certify that I stood exalted by my merit above im 
degree of a Past Master of Arts and Sciences. 

W. M. With what is the Jewel of this degree ornamented? 

E. M. A star with as many points as will take in the initial* 
of the conjunct words of this order in Masonry. 

W. M. What is the mark or signature of this degree ? 

E. M. The three peculiar initials of the Redeemer of mankind. 

W. M. What is the masonic allusion of these three ? 

E. M. The first alludes to the strongest pillar of Solomon's 
temple ; the second alludes to the grand architect of that tem- 
ple ; and the third to those Masons who performed the opera- 
tive part. 

W. M. Where did the ancient brethren of this order assem- 
ble, during the period employed in building that famous reli- 
gious edifice ? 

E. M. On one of the famous adjacent mounts, since called 
mount Sion ; but during the dedication of the temple, they 
assembled for divine worship in the third round of courts. 

W. M. What was the original number in this excellent de- 
gree ? 

E. M. Eighty-one masons, formed into nine lodges, with nine 
in each lodge. 

W« M. Why is this degree dedicated to Moses ? 

E. M. Because he presides over that lodge where those two 
excellent Masons, Aholiab and Bezaleel, performed their pious 
work in the wilderness, agreeable to the injunctions of the 
Almighty, when they were ordered to prepare the furniture and 
other sacred utensils for the holy tabernacle, which was first set 
up in the wilderness during the forty years' pilgrimage, prior to 
their entrance into the promised land. 



A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF 
SUPER-EXCELLENT MASONS. 

CATECHISM. 

W. M. How were you prepared as a Super-excellent M&- 
son? 

S. M. I was habited as the High Priest, hoodwinked, aB^ 
both feet slip-shod. 



W. M. Why habited as a High Priest ? 

S. M. Because this part of Masonry constituted the most 
solemn part of the employ at Jerusalem, when King SoIomon ? s 
temple was erected : namely, to survey all the sacred utensils 
and ornaments that were to adorn the inner part of the temple. 
The most solemn and religious duties of mankind, in all ages 
and countries, have ever been appropriated to the priesthood g 
and Aaron, the brother of Moses, being the first High Priest, 
by command of the Almighty, we prepare our candidates in the 
habits of High Priests in commemoration thereof. 

W. M. Why were you hoodwinked ? 

S. M. In commemoration of the custom of our predecessors, 
the nine deputy grand masters, the founders of the degree, who 
met in the holy place, prior to the dedication of the temple, 
from which all natural light was totally excluded, and which 
only received the aid of that remarkable artificial light, the 
three great candles, which were kept continually burning; 
therefore, in commemoration thereof, we are deprived of out 
natural light ; and the first light we afterwards receive is th 
representation of these three famous great candles, or artificial 
lights, in this sacred place. 

W. M. Is there a second reason why you were hoodwinked? 

S. M. Because, in the sanctum sanctorum, or holies of holies, 
there was no other light than the supernatural. 

W. M. Why were you slip-shod ? 

S. M. Because that part of the temple, in which the brothers 
of this degree first assembled, was called the holy place, and 
being situated on holy ground, we were, for that purpose, slip- 
shod. 

W. M. Being thus prepared, what gained you admission ? 

S. M. Three distinct and three quick reports. 

W. M. In what manner did you enter? 

S. M. Upon the six famous points of geometry. 

W. M. In what manner were you then dealt with ! 

»S. M. I was conducted round the lodge in due form. 

W. M. What were you next ordered to do ? 

S. M . To advance by six steps, accompanied with their re- 
spective signs. 

W. M. In what manner were you prepared to receive ycur 
new obligation ? 

$ M. Upon both knees, with my right hand upon the 



66 

Holy Bible, and my left extended with the emblem of my ad- 
«$ si:>n. 

W. M. Why was your left hand unemployed ? 

S. M. Because that emblem, being the double equilateral 
triangle, and containing six sides, denoted the six peculiar 
branches of the noblest office in the Temple that I was then 
called upon to fulfil, namely, first, to survey the constitutional 
rolls previous to their being deposited in the famous archives 
of masonry ; second, the precious stone work ; third, the holy 
place ; fourth, the sanctum sanctorum ; fifth, the ark of the 
covenant ; and, lastly, all the other utensils, and these were 
emblematically pointed out by the double equilateral triangle. 

W. M, Be pleased to deliver the obligation ?* 

W. M. How did you confirm it ? 

S. M. With my lips six times on the holy Bible. 

W. M. In what manner were you raised ? 

S. M. By the grip of a super-excellent Mason. 

W. M. Be pleased to advance and give it.f 

W. M. To what does it allude ? 

S. M. To that part of the obligation where that peculiar 
loss of both the arms constitutes the penalty attached to any 
voluntary breach thereof. 

(Finch says, here an explanation of the signs in this degree 
are next given, but he cannot even glance at them without dan- 
ger of exposing what he dare not commit to paper, but bro- 
thers that belong to this degree cannot be at a loss to know 
what part of scripture to refer to for a full and beautiful ex- 
planation.) 

W. M. Be pleased to deliver the words and their allusion.^ 

W. M. In what part of the lodge were you placed ? 

S. M. In the centre, to represent a point within a circle. 

W. M. Why there ? 

S. M. As a point is the smallest portion of geometrical 
matter, and the circle the largest of any within the plane of its 



* 1 have not the form of this obligation. Indeed, there is no fixed 
form in these branching degrees of Masonry. The new penalty is to 
lose both arms. R. C. 

t This is done, but the manner is not known to me. R. C. 

t This is done in due form, but that form is not known to the 
tfrrlter. 



6T 

surface, I was thus placed, to represent that point ; as one of 
the smallest particles of created matter, and the Deity wasaptly 
represented by the circle, whose centre is everywhere, and cir- 
cumference no where. 

W. M. What is the distinguishing mark or signature of this 
degree ? 

S. M. The initials of the four famous double-bodied stars, 
situated east, west, north, and south. 

W. M. With what is the jewel of this degree ornamented? 

S. M. In the twelve points forming the star, are the initials 
of our distinguishing united words. 

W. M. What was the original number of this degree ? 

S. M. Nine, formed into three lodges with three in each. 

W. M. Why is this degree dedicated to Aaron the High 
Priest? 

S. M. Because he was the first priest who presided over 
the first most excellent and sacred lodge held in the Tabernacles 
in the wilderness of Arabia. So also were the brothers of this 
degree appointed by King Solomon, as super-excellent Masons, 
to survey all the sacred furniture and jewels of that glorious 
building, for the same pious purpose as those in the Taberna- 
cle of Moses. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF NINE 
ELECTED KNIGHTS, CALLED, BY FINCH, SUB- 
LIMIT KNIGHTS ELECTED. 

FORM OF THE LODGE. 

The chamber in which this chapter is held, represents the 
apartment in Solomon's palace. The hangings are red and 
white columns intermixed and strewed with flames. The mas- 
ter represents Solomon, King of Israel, and is styled the most 
sovereign. There is but one warden, who sits alone in the 
west, representing Stolkin, and is called the Inspector. All 
the rest of the brethren must be in black and placed in the 
south, as the lights are placed, eight close, and one at a dis- 
tance. When there is a reception, all the brethren, being in 
mourning, sit with their hats flapped, and the right leg over 



the left, their heads leaning on their right hands, in a dole- 
ful character. Their aprons are lined and bordered with 
black. They wear a broad black ribbon from their left shoulder 
to their right hip, on the breast of which are painted three 
heads of fear and terror. A poniard hangs to this ribbon, with 
nine red roses painted on it near the bottom, four on each side, 
and one in the centre. Each brother has a naked poniard lying 
at his feet. The plan of the draft of the lodge or chapter is an 
oblong square, at the upper part of which, to the right, is drawn 
the city of Jerusalem. At the left is represented a cave near 
the sea-side, and the River Joppa, surrounded with rocks, in 
which a man is seen, lying with his head on a rock, a lamp 
burning by him, a poniard at his feet, a running stream of wa- 
ter, and a cup. Over the mountain, the secting sun is seen. 
In the middle of the draft appears a bush, which seems to be 
on fire, occasioned by the reflection of a rainbow. A brilliant 
star is fixed immediately over the cave, to point out the retreat 
of the murderer. On the draft is likewise seen a winding road 
which leads from Jerusalem to Joppa. On this road a dog is 
seen near to the cave, which is the figure under which the un- 
known person is drawn. A man closely follows, and, at a dis- 
tance, are seen eight other men walking without order. Near 
the room where this chapter is held, there must be a small room 
made to represent a cave, and a large stone in it for the candi- 
date to sit upon, a little table with a lamp lighted, and, under 
it, the word revenge written. A poniard lies on the table, a 
spring or fountain runs in the room, a cup to drink out of, and 
an effigy of a man asleep. 

In this chapter, the sovereign sits under a canopy, in an ele- 
vated chair of state covered with black. Before him stands a 
table covered with black and a fiery-coloured carpet, on which 
is a bible, a sceptre, and a dagger. Solomon strikes with his 
sceptre, and Stolkin strikes with his poniard, which he holds 
in his hand, as a symbol of revenge. 

FORM OF OPENING. 

Q. Are you an elected Knight ? 

A, One cavern received me, one lamp gave me light, and 
one spring refreshed me. 
Q. What is the clock ? 
A. Break of day. 






The Master knocks eight and one. The inspector imitates 
him, and the brethren clap the same number with their bad*. 
The Master says — This chapter is opened. 

FORM Or RECEPTION. 

The master of the ceremonies brings the candidate to the 
door, knocks eight and one, which are repeated by the Master, 
all the brethren being in their proper postures* The inspector 
rises and receives the candidate, whom he brings into the mid- 
dle of the chamber, opposite to the Thrice Puissant. After a 
little silence, he is asked ty the Master : — What do you want 
here? 

A. I am come to solicit the favour of being initiated into the 
degree of the Nine Elected Knights. 

' Q. What motifs induce you to think that you deserve to 
have the honour conferrea upon you ? 

A. My zeal, fervour, and constancy, which I promise shall 
be doubled hereafter, have made me aspire to this favour. 

T. P. M. Learn, my brother, that you are to impute your 
present admission into this chapter, less to a desire in us to 
confer this degree upon you, than to an inclination to make 
a trial of your conduct and courage, and of your compliance 
with the obligations which you have contracted in the different 
degrees through which you have already passed. Know, my 
brother, that, at this moment, we have in our power one of the 
murderers of our respectable Master, Hiram Abiff, who groans 
under the enormity of his guilt, and expects every instant to 
undergo the rigorous torture which his crimes justly merit, to 
serve as an example to deter others. This I have learnt from a 
stranger, who will conduct those I send to the place where the 
miscreant is hidden. 

My dear brother, this chapter is fully convinced of your 
zeal, and is much disposed to confer higher degrees on you. 
So, now the opportunity offers, of your being the first to re- 
renge the craft, by bringing this villain to condign punishment, 
if possible, adequate to the enormity of his crimes. — Do you 
find yourself disposed to vindicate the royal art, and to sa- 
crifice the traitor, in honour of masonry? — Give me an 
answer. 

A. I shall be happy of the opportunity to revenge the death 
4)f our dear Grand Master 



70 

T, P. M. I must previously inform you, that this man is, 
perhaps, one of your acquaintances, probably your friend, or 
your brother ; but in such a case as. this, every sentiment must 
give way to that of revenge, which, with you, is to stifle every 
other consideration, because no bad consequences will attend 
your accomplishment of this revenge. Besides, this is the only 
opportunity that offers of making us. sensible of your zeal, by 
which you will be admitted into this degree ; therefore, deter- 
mine immediately. 

A. I am determined. 

T. P. M. Suffer yourself to be conducted, and follow the 
stranger to the place where the criminal is hidden. 

The candidate is now blindfolded and conducted to the cave, 
where he is seated on a stone, opposite to the sleeping mur- 
derer. When seated, the guide tells him, tl|at he shall have to 
le*ve him for a while ; another brother shakes a parcel of 
chains and groans heavily. The guide places the candidate's 
left hand on the table, tells him to lay his head on his arm, and 
his right hand on his thigh ; and thus addresses him : — My dear 
brother, I must leave you a little while, be of good courage, 
and not daunted. Promise me faithfully, that you will remain 
in the posture in which I now leave you, however much alarmed 
you may be by any noise which you may hear. Attend to what 
I say ; for, if you neglect it, your life may be the cost. As 
soon as you hear a masonic knock, take the bandage from your 
eyes, and closely examine every object that is around you. 
When you hear a second knock, drink out of the cup, which 
you will find near your left hand. When you hear a third 
knocking, you must do exactly as a voice shall bid you. Al- 
though I leave you alone, believe me, the eyes of the whole 
chapter are upon you ; therefore, I beg that you will not fail to 
comply with these instructions. Farewell, I leave you. He 
quits the room, and shuts the door sharply after him. In a 
minute or two, he knocks three distinct knocks ; after a while, 
he knocks again, as before ; and then again, when a voice tells 
the candidate to take that dagger and strike the villain, first on 
the head, then in his heart. Cut off the head and follow me 
with it in your left hand and the dagger in the right. He is 
again brought to the door of the lodge, and knocks eight and 
one. The door being opened, the Master says — Who comes 
there? 



71 

A. Joabert, who has discovered where the traitor was 
concealed, and having revenged the death of our respect- 
able Master, Hiram Abiff, comes to lay the villian's head 
at the feet of Solemon, King of Israel. 

He is admitted. Holding the head out, he strikes at it 
with the dagger, which brings him to the throne, he falls 
on his knees, the head and dagger exposed in his hands. 
The king, seeing the candidate, rises with indignation, and 
says : — Wretch ! what have you done ? My orders were, that 
the traitor should be taken and brought to me, not that you 
should put him to death. Your disobedience of orders shall y 
therefore cost you your life. Stolkin, pat him to death. (On 
hearing this the brethren fall on one knee, and beg pardon from 
Solomon for the candidate, saying, that it was an excess of zeal 
and love for the memory of our respected Master, Hiram Abiff, 
that prompted him to disobey the King's orders. While this 
entreaty is making, Stolkin seizes the candidate, and stands 
ready to execute his orders. Solomon says stop : — My Bro- 
ther Joabert, I freely forgive you, the second time, as you meant 
no wrong, but beware of the third offence. — The head and po- 
niard are then taken from him, and the obligation is* ad- 
ministered.) 

The penalty of this obligation embraces all those of the fore- 
going, with a promise to revenge masonry in general ; to pro- 
tect the order of one's brethren with all all one's might and 
power; to submit one's self to perish by the same weapon 
which will be given as an honourable mark of this order and a* 
a reward for zeal and constancy. 

The Thrice Puissant raises the candidate and gives him the 
dagger, saying : — I deliver you this vindictive weapon : make a 
good use of it when' required. 

The first sign of this order is for one to take a poniard or 
sword and stab another on the forehead. The one that is struck 
claps his hand to his forehead to see if it is bloody ! 

The second sign is to strike your poniard to the heart of ano- 
ther, and say Necum. The other answers, by laying his hand 
upon his heart, and saying — Joabert. 

The grip is to take the thumb of the other's right hand, and, 
in the bottom of yours, clench all the fingers of both hands and 
place the thumb erect It signifies the elect eight close and 
one by itsel r 



The pass-words are Necum, Joabert, and Stolkin. 

The grand word is Begulgal, signifying, faithful guardian 
chief of the Tabernacle, friend and chosen favourite. 

The candidate is led to his seat, the brethren resume their 
proper attitudes, and the Thrice Puissant delivers the fol- 
lowing 

DISCOURSE. 

Thrice respectable brother elect, the unanimity and earnest 
ness with which this respectable assembly required your pardon, 
disposed my heart to grant it, especially as your crime was onl$ 
an overflow of zeal. In this you have imitated Joabert, the fa- 
vourite of Solomon, King of Israel, as I am about to relate , 
You doubtless recollect the lamentable catastrophe of our re- 
spectable Master, Hiram AbifF. His death is the constant sub- 
ject of our grief and tears, and, in this, we imitate the wisest of 
kings, who bemoaned the irreparable loss which he had sus- 
tained. You know that Solomon, on hearing that he was miss- 
ing, put a stop to the building, and swore, that no person should 
be paid his wages, until this great man was found dead or alive. 
You also recollect, that the brethren went in search of him, and 
that Stolkin, at length, found him assassinated, and buried un- 
der or near a sprig of cassia. Stolkin's good luck, on this 
melancholy occasion, endeared him to the king, and procured 
him his greatest confidence. Nor was Solomon contented with 
having the funeral obsequies of that great man celebrated with 
&s much splendour and magnificence as possible ; but was also 
determined to take public satisfaction on the perpetrators of that 
horrid crime, and to sacrifice them to the manes of his deceased 
friend. He issued a proclamation, offering a re ward to any per 
son who would give information where the villains were con- 
cealed ; and that he would even forgive the real assassin, if he 
would come into his presence, acknowledge his guilt, and give up 
his accomplices, so that they might suffer condign punishment 
for the expiation of the greatest of crimes. This proclamation 
was long out to no purpose. But one day, when Solomon was 
sitting in his hall, giving audience to more than ninety masters 
and other officers of the order, Jerbel, Captain of the Guards, 
entered and informed him, that an unknown person wanted tospeak 
to him in private, as he had a matter of the highest importance ta 



impart. The brethren were alarmed at the readiness with which 
the king consented to a private audience, from fear of danger to 
his person ; but the audience being short, a speedy return re- 
moved those fears. He informed them, that this unknown per- 
son was acquainted with the retreat of the murderers of Hiram 
AbifF, and had offered to accompany such people as would ac- 
company him and inform themselves of the truth of what he as- 
serted. The brethren, to a man, immediately stood up and 
offered their services on the occasion. The king was highly 
pleased at their zeal, but declared, that, among such a number 
of virtuous brethren, they who should be employed in the 
honour of taking these victims of vengeance, should be deter- 
mined by lot. The names of the Intendants of the Buildings 
who were present were put in a box, when the king declared 
the nine whose names should be first drawn should follow the 
unknown stranger and bring the traitors alive, to be made an 
example to the latest posterity. Lots were accordingly drawn, 
and joy gladdened the faces of those whose names came out. 
These received instructions from the king to follow the un- 
known man, who would conduct them to the cave which was 
the retreat of the traitors. They departed, but one of the nine, 
Joabert, whom you this day represent, animated with uncom- 
mon ardour, and thinking his brethren walked too slow, got 
before them, and was the first that came to the cave which was 
situated near the sea-side, not far from Joppa. Near it was a 
bush, which seemed to burn ; and a star, which had conducted 
them, stood fixed over the cave. Joabert, inflamed with rage, 
entered, and, by the aid of a lamp which was burning, saw the 
villain asleep, lying on his back. A dagger lay at his feet, 
which Joabert seized and struck with all his might, first on the 
head, and then in the heart. The villain sprang up with fury; 
but, immediately dropped dead at his feet, and pronounced the 
word Necum. Joabert cut off his head, and then quenched his 
thirst at the spring in the cave, when he was joined by his 
brethren, whom he was just going to meet. They, seeing the 
head of the villain, represented to Joabert that he had com- 
mitted a fault by his zeal, and that thus putting an end to the 
villain's life, he had rescued him from the tortures which Solo- 
mon had prepared for him. They promised to intercede and 
use their influence with the king to procure his pardon. All 
quenching their thirst, Joaben taking the head, they walked 
p. III. 00 



T4 

back to Jerusalem. On seeing them, Solomon was about to 
give orders fos the intended tortures ; but, espying the villain's 
head in the hands of Joabert, he could not restrain his wrath, 
and ordered Stolkin to put him to death. This would have 
been instantly executed, had not all the brethren thrown them- 
selves on their knees and begged him off, as the illustrious 
brethren of this chapter have done for you. From the histori- 
cal circumstances related, you may see what useful instruction 
can be drawn. First, by the traitor's death, you see that crimes 
never go unpunished ; but that, sooner, or later, they meet 
their deserts. Secondly, you may learn from Joabert's danger, 
how unsafe it is to exceed orders ; and that it is a necessary 
duty, strictly to comply with the orders of your superiors. 
Thirdly, by the pardon procured for this zealous brother, you 
may learn, how easily the heart of a good king is influenced to 
be merciful. You also see how necessary it is to have friends, 
who will interest themselves warmly for us on critical occasions. 
And now, my dear brother, we will put an end to this discourse^ 
by applauding your reception with eight and one. 

CATECHISM. 

Q. Brother, are you a master elect ? 

A. I have been made acquainted with the cave. 

Q. What have you seen in the cave ? 

A a A light, a poniard, and a fountain, with the traitor 
Ehyroh, 

Q. Of what use to you were these things ? 

A. The light to dispel the darkness of the place, the dagger 
to revenge the death of our respectable Master Hiram Abiff, 
and the fountain to quench my thirst. 

Q. Where were you made a master elect ? 

A. In the hall of audience, in Solomon's palace. 

Q. How many Intendants of the Building were there pre- 
sent at that time ? 

A. Nine, of which I was one. 

Q. From what order or number of people were those 
chosen ; 

A. From upwards of ninety, mostly Intendants of the Build- 
ing and some masters. 

Q. By what motive were you prompted to become a master 



A. The desire of revenging the death of our respectable 
Master, Hiram Abiff, by destroying his murderer, Ehyroh. 

Q. Where did you find the assassin ? 

A. At the bottom of a cave, situated at the foot of a burning 
oush, by the sea-side near to Joppa. 

Q, Who showed you the way ? 

A. An unknown person ? 

Q. What road did you pass through 
- A. Through dark and almost inaccessible roads. 

Q. What did you do when you came to the cave ? 

A. I laid hold of a dagger, there found, and, with it, struck 
the villain so forcibly on the head and the heart, that he imme- 
diately expired. 

Q. Did he say anything before he expired ? 

A. He only answered one word. 

Q. What was it ? 

A. Necum, which signifies revenge. 

Q. How was your election consummated? 

A. By revenge, disobedience, clemency, and 8 and 1, 

Q. Explain this ? 

A. By revenge, I destroy the traitor; by disobedience, I ex 
ceeded the orders given to me by the king ; by clemency 
through the intercession of my brethren, I obtained the king's 
pardon : and, lastly, by 8 and 1, as we were only nine chosen 
for the business. 

Q. What did you do after killing tne traitor ? 

A. I cut off his head, quenched my thirst at the spring, and, 
quite fatigued, laid myself down to sleep, where I remained 
until my companions entered the cave crying out revenge. 

Q. How did Solomon receive you on presenting the head of 
the traitor to him ? 

A. With indignation, as he had proposed to himself much 
gratification in punishing the villain, and even doomed my 
death ; but on account of my zeal forgave me. 

Q. What did the dark chamber represent, into which yon 
were conducted before your reception ? 

A. It is the representation of the cave where the traitor was 
found by me. 

Q. How came you to be left there blindfolded ? 

A. To call to my mind the traitor's sleep, and how often 
we may think ourselves secure, after committing a crime, when 
we are in the most danger. 



76 

Q. How did the elect walk ? 

A. Darkness obliged them to put their hands before their 
heads, to prevent injury, by coming against an obstruction. 
And, as the road was bad and uneven, they were obliged r<* 
cross their legs and, for that reason, we sit in that position in 
the chapter. 

Q. What does the dog represent, which you see in the 
draft? 

A. The unknown person, or good citizen, who conducted 
the elect. 

Q. What does the naked arm with the dagger mean? 

A. That revenge ever attends guilt. 

Q. What does the black ribbon with the poniard signify? 

A. The grief still subsisting for Hiram Abiff, though his 
murderer was punished, as it was perpetrated by masons, and 
some of them yet unpunished. 

Q. What emblems do you use to explain the number of 
nine elected ? 

A. First, nine red roses, at the bottom of our black order. 
Second, nine lights in the chapter. And third, nine strokes 
to gain admittance. These are the emblems of the nine 
elected, and red is the emblem of the blood that was spilt in 
the temple, and ordered to remain there., till revenge was com- 
pleted. 

Q. How do you wear the black order in this chapter? 

A. From the left shoulder to the right hip, with a poniard 
hanging to the bottom of it. 

Q. What colour is your apron ? 

A. A white skin bordered and lined with black, spotted with 
red, and on the flap is painted a bloody arm holding a bloody 
dagger. 

Q. With what is this chapter hung ? 

A. White; red and white mixed with flames; white flames 
and red flames; and red on the white. The one indicates the 
Dlood that was spilt, and the other, the ardour and purity of the 
elect. 

Q. W r hy have you no more than one warden? 

A. Because the chapter was always held in Solomon's pa- 
face, where there was no one but his favourite privy to what 
assed. 

Q What was there more to be done ? 



77 

A. Nothing, as everything is achieved, and Hiram Abiff r€o 
venged. 

Q. Give me the pass-word. 

A» Necum. 

Q. Give me the grand word, 

A. Begulgai, is a word which signifies faithful guardian Of 
chief of the tabernacle, friend or chosen favourite, 

Q. Have you any other pass-words? 

A. There are two. 

Q. Give them tome, 

A. Stolkin, Joabert. 

Q. At what time did the nine elected set out on their our- 
ney to the cave ? 

A. Just at dark. 

Q. When did they return? 

A. At the break of day. 

Q. How old are you ? 

A. 8 and 1 perfect. 

FORM OF CLOSING THE CHAPTER. 

Solomon makes the sign, by putting his hand tr Ms forehead 
and says :■ — My brethren, let us renew our obligation. (The 
brethren make the sign with their daggers, first striking the head 
and then the heart, Solomon striates 8 and 1 ; Stolkin does the 
same : and the chapter is closed,) 



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ELECT OF NINE. 

This lodge represents the cabinet of Solomon. It is lighted 
with nine lights. Two arm chairs are placed in the east. As 
the lodge is called the council of nine, it cannot be held unless 
that number of brethren be present. Two kings are supposed 
to be included, and are seated in the centre, and the other 
members of the lodge surround the infant. One of the kings 
nas a dagger in his hand ; the other a sceptre. Emblems of 
mortality are displayed on the clothing, and the words conque* 



78 

♦r die are conspicuous round the room. The names by which 
ihe kings are distinguished, is, Solomon the most r jia : and 
Hiram the est 'powerful. 



FORM OF OPENING. 

M. W. Most powerful king, what is your motive in assist- 
ing at our present council ? 

M. P. Most wise king, I attend your deliberations to de- 
mand justice. A murder has been committed, and the injury 
has been unredressed. Punishment must follow, and vengeance 
will be satisfied. 

M. W. Most powerful king, you shall be witness to the in- 
quiry that shall be instituted in order to detect the assassin, and 
it will remain for you, if we are successful to determine the 
punishment. — Placing the sceptre on the head of a brother, he 
says — I appoint you, most respectable brother, Intimate 
Secretary. You are to watch for the safety of the council ; 
assure yourself of the qualifications of the members present. 

{The Intimate Secretary salutes the kings, and having taken 
the sign, token, and word from the others, reports that all pre- 
sent are faithful subjects.) 

M. W. My brethren, whom the Creator has enlightened, 
whom equity directs and truth guides, I pronounce that the 
council is resumed. Intimate Secretary, the profane are ex- 
cluded, and, under this name, we comprehend Masons, who 
are honoured with the title of Master Elect. Place a guard 
without the door, let the avenues be searched, and return 
quickly with your report; 

I. S. Most wise king, all is covered. The guards environ 
the door of the palace, and our mysteries are secure from the 
penetration of the world. 

The Master strikes seven equal knocks and two quick, say- 
ing Necum Nicum, which signifies vengeance. 

M. W, Brethren, you have witnessed the grief I experienced 
on a lamentable occasion. In vain have I dictated steps 
to be taken, as a prelude to a discovery. Each of us is inter- 
ested to revenge our loss. My royal brother is come hither to 
demand it. To him, therefore, I will refer you. He will in- 
spire you with sentiments worthy of the cause which he under- 
takes, and you will now attend to its recital. — After a silence, 



frg 

the most powerful king draws his dagger, and, pointing it to- 
wards the infant, thus addresses the lodge : — 

The pledge is before us, which this great man has left. This 
will soften and stimulate you,to virtuous deeds. If his memory 
be dear to you, the cries of this child, his tears and his prayers, 
will move your compassion. He asks vengeance for the loss of 
his parent, who was your companion and your friend. Unite, 
therefore, your efforts to discover the inhuman wretch, that he 
may meet his reward. 

The lodge exclaims, Necum Nicum. 

The master in collecting these votes is interrupted by a noise 
at the door, and says, Intimate Brother, who occasions this, 
and how are my orders obeyed ? 

The brother retires, and immediately returns to report tbat 
the council is betrayed. The lodge unanimously reports Ne- 
cum Nicum. The master adds : — The sceptre is raised, our in- 
dignation must yield to the necessity of hearing the particulars 
of the report. Tell us, Intimate Secretary, who has caused 
this interruption, and who has the audacity to penetrate to the 
august council. 

I. S. I behold, with surprise, that a brother has clandes- 
tinely entered the adjacent apartment, and I am apprehen- 
sive that he has heard the secrets of the council. It is with 
horror, I relate, that he appears to be guilty of murder. His 
hands and his sword are stained with blood. Every parti- 
cular testifies against him, and all unite to excite my sus- 
picion. 

M. W. He shall be satisfied. 

The other king deliberates and says : — My brother, attend to 
your usual wisdom, and be not too rash. Let the wretch be 
disarmed, bound, and introduced, and let him reply to the in- 
terrogations that shall be put to him. 

This degree appears to be but another version of that of In- 
timate Secretary, or Joabert's second slip. The sign is made 
by drawing two daggers with the right hand, and lifting it as if 
to strike in the front. The answer to it is, to shut the right 
hand, and the fist thus closed, is raised and turned quick. The 
token for him who asks is delivered, by erecting his thumb, 
while his right hand is closed, and presenting it to his com- 
panion. The answer is to seize the thumb with an extended 
arm. The word is Necum Nicum. 



80 



SECOND ELECT OF NINE, OR PEREGNON. 

The decorations are the same as in the foregoing degree, and 
it only differs by being lighted with twenty-seven lamps, dis- 
posed in groups of nine. The lodge is opened by the master's 
asking, if there are any other mysteries in quality of Master 
Elect, than those of Necum Nicum. He is answered, that the 
appendage to the letter P is another mystery. The words of 
this degree are Romvel, Gravelot, Abiram. The ceremony 
concludes with telling the candidate, that the business of this 
degree is to prepare him for another, which is the 

THIRD ELECT, OR ELECT OF FIFTEEN. 

Tins lodge is hung with black and decorated with three ske- 
letons. It is opened with fifteen strokes, and lighted with fif- 
teen lamps. At a reception, only fifteen brethren are permitted 
to be present. The sign is to shut the right hand with the 
t&umb elevated, as in holding a dagger, to place it under the 
chin, and then drop it, as in the act of separating the body, 
indicative of the penalty of the obligation. It is answered by 
stretching out the hand, as if to cut off the neck with the thumb. 
— The token is to give little strokes of the fore finger upon the 
joint of the little finger. It is answered by taking the right 
hand, with the fingers of the right hand extended, and shaking 
it thrice, which signifies three times five, the number of the 
fifteen elect. — The word is Zeomet, and the answer to it 
Eloham.* 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF THE 
PRIESTLY ORDER OF ISRAEL, OR PROVOST 
AND JUDGE. 

This lodge is held in Solomon's private arch, under the sanc- 
tum sanctorum, and over the sepulchre of Hiram Abiff: in 
which place he was finally installed with his jewel. 



* 1 have no further particulars of the sast two degrees than those 
stated, 



81 

The officers are twelve ; Tito Zadok, the High Priest ; King 
Solomon ; Hiram, King of Tyre, with nine grand officers. The 
two kings are under the High Priest. The first of the nine 
grand officers is called Senior Provost. 

The lodge is hung with red, and illuminated with twelve 
great lights in the form of a triangle. 

The High Priest sits under a rich blue canopy, ornamented 
with purple, scarlet and gold, the four famous colours that 
adorned the veil of king Solomon's Temple and the Taberna- 
cle in the wilderness, under Moses, the great and inspired law- 
giver. 

Tito Zadok, in addition to the office of High Priest, bears 
that of Prince of Jerusalem and Harodim. Solomon and Hi- 
ram are styled royal chiefs. These three officers have each a 
sceptre in his hand. The two kings wear crowns, and the 
High Priest the regular habit of the office. 

The candidate for this degree, having been admitted and 
obligated, is thus addressed by the High Priest. 

Brother N , you having taken the solemn obligation of 

this degree, I do, in virtue of the power to me given, constitute 
and appoint you a Provost and Judge, with the. title of High 
Priest of Jerusalem and Harodim, and Grand Superintendent 
over the Architects of the Temple, in the place of your late 
Grand Master, Hiram Abiff. And we do here invest you with' 
these four golden keys, suspended to this red ribbon, and with 
this apron bound with the same colour, as an emblem of the 
ardour and zeal of Hiram Abiff. The first of these keys will 
open the private arch of King Solomon. The, second will let 
you into the tomb of the immortal widow's son. The third will 
let you into the sanctum sanctorum, or holy of holies. And 
the other will enable you to find the sacred treasure in the ark 
of the covenant. 

catechism. 

Q. What is denoted by Tito Zadok ? 
A. Tito Zadok, the Prince and High Priest of Jerusalem. 
Q. What means the second name? 
A. It denotes the High Priest to be just. 
Q. What was the intention of King Solomon in forming this 
degree ? 



82 

A To appoint grand superintendents over the architects., t*; 
carry into execution the plans of Hiram Abiffin the outer work* 
$f the Temple, and to honour the great servant of the most high 
*ord, who was, for that purpose, created Prince of Harodim and 
Jerusalem, set above the great and learned King of Tyre, and 
the most powerful king then on earth, whose wisdom far ex- 
ceeded that of all men. This High priest was the first admitted 
by these two kings into this degree, and within the holy place 
of the temple. 

Q. Who was the second Mason exalted to this degree ? 

A. Zadok, the great favourite of King Solomon, and to him 
was entrusted the four keys of the sacred treasures contained in 
the oracle, above it in the obelisk of Hiram AbifT, and below it 
in the sacred private arch of Solomon. 

Q. In what manner did Zadok obtain admission into these 
sacred places ? 

A. Into the obelisk, he had free access without attendance. 
Into the sanctum sanctorum, or holy of holies, only with the 
permission and in the presence of Tito Zadok, the High Priest, 
who opened with the second key of the door of the holy place 
leading to the sanctum sanctorum, and having the glorious veil 
of the temple, which separated the holy place from the most 
holy sanctum sanctorum, thrown aside by twelve of the priest- 
hood, representing the twelve tribes of Israel, he was per- 
mitted, during the reading of the law by the Senior Priest of the 
tribes of Israel, to view that glorious treasure exhibited in due 
form by the High Priest. Into Solomon's private arch he en- 
tered, accompanied, by Solomon himself and Hiram, King oi 
Tyre, while the nine grand officers guarded the nine arches that 
led from the residence of the king on Mount Sion to the arch 
under the holy Mount Moriah. And with his fourth key he 
entered the sepulchre of Hiram Abiff, under the arch of Solo- 
mon, and, on that solemn and secret spot, he took the great 
obligation of this degree, in the presence of the kings of Jeru- 
salem and Tyre. 

Q. What was the result of the initiation of Zadok the High 
Priest into this degree ? 

A. He was so struck with admiration, in beholding the fur- 
niture of this holy place, in the bowels of the earth, that he 
fell prostrate, and pronounced J 

Q. What does that denote i 



83 

A. The glorious light of God. King Solomon perceiving 
him in that attitude, at the instant the words were pronounced 
advanced and raised him, exclaiming J az — b. 

Q. What does that denote? 

A. The sight of God. Solomon delivered to him the four 
keys belonging to this degree, by which his knowledge was 
daily increased. 

Q. What else was to be seen in that sacred lodge ? 

A. A triangle in the middle of the circle, and iu the centre of 

it the T ■ two crosses, like the cross of mount Calvary. 

Q. What is denoted by the two roses? 

A. The white rose represents the purity and innocence of 
Hiram Abiff; and the red, on the circle stone, his blood open 
for the honourable cause of Masonry. 

FORM OF CLOSING. 

High Priest. Companions and explorers of the bowels of the 
earth, be pleased to assist me in closing the lodge of Judges of 
the holy city of Jerusalem. Pray, Senior Companion, what is 
the last duty? 

Senior Provost. To seal the sepulchre of our departed grand 
master, lock up our secrets, and retire in peace from the man- 
sion of the dead. 

H. P. Take the emblems of your office, and see that duty 
faithfully performed. 

The Senior Companion receives from the two kings their 
seals — the one with the arms of Jerusalem, the other with the 
rod of Aaron budding — with which he closes the tomb, and 
seals the sepulchre of Hiram AbifF. 

The High Priest does the same with the seal which represents 
the arms of the twelve tribes. Each joins the proper report as 
pointed out and the lodge is closed. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF PROVOST 
AND JUDGE, OR IRISH MASTER, 



FORM OF THE LODGE. 



This lodge is hung with red, and illuminated with five great 
lights; one of which must be in the centre, and the others &* 



84 

the four angles. The master is placed in the east, under a blue 
canopy bespangled with golden stars. The master's title is 
that of thrice illvstrious and puissant. He represents Tito Prince 
Harodim, the eldest of the Provosts and Judges, first grand 
warden and inspector of the three hundred architects, who draw 
plans for the workmen of the temple. The second senior 
master acts as senior warden, and the brethren are to be placed 
to the right and left according to seniority. The wardens sit 
in the west. 

FORM OF OPENING. 

The thrice illustrious and puissant master strikes four quick 
and one slow, which is repeated by the warden. The master 
asks the following questions : — 

Q. Illustrious brother warden, are we tiled? 

A. Thrice illustrious and puissant master, we are tiled and 
can begin to work. 

Q. Where stands your master ? 

A. Everywhere, thrice illustrious master. 

Q. Why so? 

A. To supervise the conduct of the workmen, to attend to 
the business done by them, and to render impartial justice to 
each of them. 

Q. W 7 hat is the clock ? 

A. It is break of day, eight o'clock, two o'clock, seven, 
o'clock. 

The master strikes four and one on the altar, which is re- 
peated by the wardens. The master says : — As it is eight, two, 
and seven o'clock, it is time for the workmen to begin their 
work. The lodge is opened, and the brethren clap four and 
one. 

FORM OF RECEPTION. 

The master holds a sceptre in his hand, and orders the grand 
master of the ceremonies to go and prepare the candidate. He 
goes, brings him to the door, and knocks as before, which the 
warden repeats, and after him the master. Thewardenlnforms 
the master that somebody knocks as Provost and Judge. The 
master sends to inquire who is there, which being done, the 

answer returned is, — Brother N stands at the door, and 

solicits the favour of being admitted to the degree of Illustrious 



85 

Master Provost and Judge. The master desires the candidate 
to be examined and admitted. The master of the ceremonies 
introduces him, places him between the wardens, and retires. 
The senior warden lakes the candidate by the hand, makes him 
kneel, and pronounce Cxvi, and lays his naked hand on his 
shoulder. Thus he remains a while, until the thrice illustrious 
and puissant master pronounces the word Ky. Then the 
junior warden raises him, and leads him seven times round the 
lodge. At the first round, he gives the Apprentice's sign, and 
every other in rotation as he goes round. He is now brought 
to the foot-stool of the throne, and thus addressed by the 
master : — 

Respectable brother, it gives me pleasure to have it in my 
power to reward your zeal for masonry, and your attention and 
attachment to the master of masters. This I do by appointing 
you Provost and Judge over all the workmen of this lodge ; for 
as we are fully convinced of your discretion, we do not scruple 
to confide in you, and to communicate our most important 
secrets to your bosom, which will encourage you to do your 
duty in this degree, as you have done in the former, to which 
you had the honour of being admitted. I trust you with the 
key of the place, where lies deposited the heart and remains of 
Hiram AbifF; but you must bind yourself by a solemn obliga- 
tion, that you will never divulge the secrets. Kneel, and con- 
tract your obligation. 

Candidate. I promise to render strict and impartial justice, 
to pay just and due obedience to the regulations and orders of 
the council of the Princes of Jerusalem, with all my former 
obligations; so God keep me in truth, equity, and justice. 
Amen. Amen. Amen. 

The candidate is ordered to rise ; the master gives him a 
stroke on each shoulder with his sceptre, and thus addresses 
him : — 

Brother N , by a power to me given, and with which I 

am now invested, I appoint you a Provost and Judge over all 
'the workmen and the works of the temple ; and, as such, I 
ornament you with this golden key, suspended to a red ribbon, 
•which you are to wear as a collar. Your apron is lined with 
the same colour, as an emblem of the ardour and zeal of the 
masters. The pocket m the middle is intended to keep the 
keys of the plans. 



The sign of this degree is to carry the two first fingers of the 
right hand to the lips, the thumb under the chin forming a 
square. The pass-word is Titol The token is to interlace 
the little finger of each other's right hand, and with the middle 
finger to strike each other on the palm of the hand seven times. 
The words are seven-fold — Civi, Ky, Jua, Stolkin, Hiram, 
Geometras, Architect, and Xinxy. The grand word is Jachinai. 
On the flap of the apron a key is painted, being the Jewel of 
this degree. 

CATECHISM. 

Q. Are you a Provost and Judge ? 

A. I distribute justice to all workmen impartially. 

Q. How did you gain admittance into the lodge of Provost 
and Judge ? 

A. By striking four knocks quick and one slow. 

Q. What do you mean by four quick and one slow ? 

A. The four first are emblematical of the four fronts of the 
temple, and the fifth of the unity of God, whose temple it is, 
and to whom we owe homage. 

Q. What did you meet with on your entrance ? 

A. A warden who conducted me to the west part of the 
lodge. 

Q. Then what became of you ? 

A. The Senior Warden made me kneel on my knee, and pro* 
nounce the word Civi, 

Q. What answer did the illustrious master make you ? 

A. He pronounced the word Ky. 

Q. What did the Thrice Puissant do next? 

A* He constituted me Provost and Judge. 

Q. What did he give you ? 

A. A golden key to distinguish me as a member of this 
degree, and with it a sign, token, and word, by which I am 
known. 

Q. What is the use of the key? 

A. To open a small ebony box, where all the plans for the 
construction of the temple are kept. 

Q. What do you mean by this? 

A. I mean that we are only intrusted with a secret to know 
where the heart of our respectable Hiram AbifTis deposited. 

Q What is your word ? 



a? 

A- Tito. 

Q. What does it signify ? 

A. It was the name of the first grand warden. He was a 
prince of Harodim, the oldest of the Provosts and Judges, an 2 
Inspector of the three hundred architects of the temple. 

Q. What was the intention of Solomon in creating this de- 
gree? 

A. It was necessary to establish order and regularity among 
such a number of workmen. For this purpose, Solomon cre- 
ated Tito Prince of Harodim. Adoniram was created chief of 
the Provosts and Judges ; and the king's favourite, Joabert, 
was then initiated into the mysteries of this degree. To him 
the key was given to open the ebony box that contained all the 
plans of the buildings, such as you have in the degree of secret 
master. This box was hung under a rich canopy. Joabert wss 
so much struck with admiration, that he fell on his knees, and 
pronounced the word Civi. Solomon seeing him in this atti- 
tude, pronounced the word Ky 9 and then put the seals into his 
hand, by which his knowledge daily increased. 

Q. What did you perceive in the lodge? 

A. A fringed curtain with a canopy under it, to which was 
suspended the ebony box containing the plans. 

Q. Did you see anything else? 

A. A pair of scales, which are the emblems of rectitude, with 
which we should execute the duties of this degree, as we are 
appointed Judges to decide all disputes that may occur among 
the workmen of the temple. 

Q. Where is his heart interred ? 

A. In a golden urn, which is shut up in the obelisk. 

Q. What means the two letters X and I, which appear in 
this draft ? 

A. Xinxy and Jachinai. The first signifies the seat of the 
soul, and the second is one of the names of the Grand Archi- 
tect of the universe. 

Q. What mean the letters I H S? 

A. The letter I, signifies Jua ; jhe H signifies Hiram, King 
of Tyre ; and the S signifies Stolkin, the name of him who 
found the body of Hiram Abiff under the sprig of Cassia. 

ii. What do the letters M B mean ? 

A. Mahabone, who found the Jewel of our respectable 
master, Hiram Abiff, 



Q. Where were you placed ? 

A. In the middle chamber. 

Q. Have you done any remarkable work since you have been 
Provost and Judge ? 

A. I have ornamented the tomb of the respectable Hiram 
AbifT. 

Q. With what did the Thrice Illustrious and Puissant Mas- 
ter ornament you, when you were received into this degree? 

A. With a white apron, lined with red, upon which were 
white and red roses, and a pocket in the middle of it. 

Q. What was the intention of the pocket? 

A. The eldest of the Provosts and Judges made use of it, to 
put the plans in which he communicated to the master, who 
drew them out on the tressel board. 

Q. What do white and red roses mean? 

A. The red is an emblem of the blood spilt from the respect- 
able master, Hiram AbifT; and the white denotes the candour 
and fidelity of the masters. 

FORM OF CLOSING. 

Q. How old are you ? 

A, Four times sixteen. 

Q. From whence came you ? 

A. I come and go everywhere. 

Q. What is the clock ? 

A. Break of day eight, two, seven o'clock. 

Q. Why so ? 

A. Because a Perfect Master or Provost and Judge shouid 
be everywhere at all times or hours, so as to be at hand to ad* 
minister justice. 

The master, wardens, and all the brethren, strike four quick 
and one slow, and the lodge is closed. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE MASONIC DEGREE OF 
NOAHITES OR PRUSSIAN KNIGHTS. 

The origin of this degree is deduced from the tower of Raher, 
or from a son of Noah. The officers are ;-~ 
1st, A Grand Commander. 
2nd, A Knight of Introduction. 



89 

3rd, A, Knight of , Eloquence. 

4th, A Knight of Finances. 

5th, A Knight of Chancery, and 

Gth, A Knight of Defence. 

The members are denominated Knights or Prussian Masoi* 
The mysteries for the initiation are only to be celebrated when 
the moon is at its full. None to be admitted but Masons. At 
the time of the crusades, the Knights of various nations were 
confederated in Palestine, and mutually communicated their 
secrets in Masonry. The Prussian Knights initiated the Chris- 
tian Princes and their attendants who were Masons. 

The apartment in which the reception takes place must not 
be in a confined situation, as the only light permitted is from 
the moon. The members of this degree wear their swords, 
apron, and gloves, trimmed with yellow, and their Jewels pen- 
dant by a black ribbon to a button of their waistcoats. The 
form jf triangular, and an arrow with its point towards the earth 
is the symbol. The members should be ranged on each side 
forming an avenue ; the Grand Commander in front facing the 
moon. 

The chapter is opened by the G. C. striking thrice with the 
blade of his sword, and returning it to i-ie scabbard. He ther 
raises his hand towards the moon, the brethren doing the same, 
and, in this posture, declares that the chapter is lighted. The 
Knights examine the drawing until the candidate is properly 
prepared for introduction. He is to be uncovered, without a 
sword, and to wear a white apron and gloves. The drawing 
it is to be divided into two apartments : the ground of one is 
blue, a silver moon and golden stars are to be depicted en it ; 
the other is black, with a triangle and a golden arrow deline- 
ated. 

The Knight of Introduction, who precedes the candidate,, 
strikes thrice ; and the Knight of Defence, whose department 
is to take care of the avenues, announces him by one on the 
inside, opens the door, and demands the secret of the order, 
which is delivered and reported to the Grand Commander; whtf 
replies : — The worthy Knight is at liberty to enter, if he tv 
alone ; but if accompanied, it remains for him to be acquainted 
with the motives that induce his companion to wish for admit* 
tance. This is answered, that it is a master who is desirous of 
being admitted a Prussian Mason. 



90 

G. C. Let him enter and be examined. 

The Knights draw their swords, and presents the points to the 
candidate. 

G. C. I declare, brave knights, that he is worthy of your 
countenance. Give me your assent [which is done.] Brother 
N , will you renounce pride all the days of your life ? 

Candidate. I promise so to do. 

G. C. Example is far superior to precept ; commence your 
career with an act of humility. 

The candidate is led to the feet of the Grand Commander, 
by three reverences on his left knee, and being prostrate before 
him, is commanded to kiss the pommel of his sword. Before 
he is permitted to rise, the Knight of Eloquence addresses him 
on the subject of vanity, and draws his conclusions on the evil 
consequences attending it from the example of Peleg and Solo- 
mon. 

G. C. Do you promise, upon the faith of a Mason, to keep 
the secrets with which I shall entrust you, on the conditions — 
first, that you will never reveal to any of the children of Adam 
the mysteries of our order ; second, that you will associate with 
us in future ; third, that you will never suffer at the peril of 
your life any man to wear the Jewel of this order, unless he 
makes himself known to you as a Prussian Mason ? 

Candidate. I engage myself to fulfil the prescribed con- 
ditions. 

G. C. Knight of Eloquence, you are at liberty to make 
known the history of our excellent order. 

K. E. To every Prussian Mason be it known, notwithstand- 
ing the recent vengeance which the Deity had taken upon man- 
kind for their iniquities, by causing a universal deluge — not- 
withstanding the Deity had given the rainbow as a sign of 
reconciliation, vouchsafing that favour declared that the world 
should not be again destroyed by waters, the descendants of 
Noah, from their want of faith in the divine prediction, being 
apprehensive of a second deluge, said, — Let us build a city 
whose top may reach the heavens, and let us make a name lest 
we be scattered abroad upon the face of the earth. To accom- 
plish their designs, they began to erect a high tower in the plain 
of Shinar ; but this enterprise being displeasing in the eyes of 
their Maker, as tending to frustrate or delay the execution of 
his design, that mankind should not always continue together, 



91 

he obliged them to discontinue the project, by confounding 
their language, so that one could not understand another. 
From this circumstance the city took its name of Babel, which 
signifies confusion ; and a dispersion of the people and a plant- 
ing of nations ensued. It was on the night of the full moon 
that the Lord worked this wonder, in remembrance of which, 
the Noahites hold their lodges at this season. The architect 
was named Peleg ; at least, it was he who gave the idea of this 
building. As a punishment for his contumacy, and the pre- 
sumption of his brethren, he was deprived of his speech ; and to 
avoid the outrages of his companions, who considered him as 
trie cause of the failure of their design, he travelled into coun- 
tries remote from Shinar, and from thence only by moonlight, 
as he was fearful of massacre if his person were recognised. 
His place of retirement was Prussia, where, having erected a 
triangular dwelling, he, by humiliation and contrition for the 
part he had taken in the plain of Shinar, obtained remission for 
his sins, and had his speech restored to him. This dwelling 
of Peleg's was discovered fifteen cubits deep from the surface 
of the earth, in the year 553. In it was found a stone of white 
marble, on which was inscribed the particulars I have related 
in the Hebrew tongue, and adjacent was the following epitaph : 
— Here repose the ashes of the grand architect of the tower 
of Babel. The Lord had pity on him because he became 
humble. 

Thus we communicate our grand secret to you, unknown to 
every one but ourselves. We entrust it to you with pleasure. 
Misfortune to you, if you are weak enough to transcribe it. 
Be circumspect, and for that purpose practise humility after the 
example of our grand architect. 

The knights sheath their swords, and the candidate is invested . 
with his. The Jewel is tied to the button of his waistcoat. His 
apron and gloves are decorated with yellow borders, and he is 
entrusted with the sign, grip, word, and pass- word. 

The ceremony is concluded by the G. C/s observing, that 
the lodge is obscured, and that it is time to retire. A table 
lighted with candles is introduced, and, if a supper be provided 
it is to consist wholly of vegetables. 

CATECHISM* 

Who are you 



92 

A. Tell me who you are, and I will tell you who I aiftr 

Q. Do you know the children of Noah ? 

A. I know three of them. 

Q. Who are they ? 

A. I particularise them by their initials SHI. 

Q. Tell me the words ? 

A. Begin, and I will reply. 

Q. Shem, Ham. 

A. Japhet. 

Q. What does this letter signify? 

A. The initial letter of the secret word. 

Q. Present the signs ? 

A. The arms extended towards the moon, and the fecfc \&* 
wards the east. 

Q. W 7 hy is the face towards the east? 

A. Because it is the part in which the moon rises, 

Q. Give me the grip ? 

A. The hand is clenched thrice. 

Q. Deliver the pass-word ? 

A. Peleg. 

Q. How do you know the architect of the tower of Babel ? 

A. I have mentioned him. 

Q. Who acquainted you with his history ? 

A. The Knight of Eloquence. 

Q. In what lodge? 

A. In a lodge where the moon gave light. 

Q. Was this edifice praiseworthy ? 

A. It was not, as it was never completed. 

Q. What is the reason to be assigned ? 

A, The foundation was laid in pride. 

Q. Is it to imitate the children of Noah that you retain it hi 
your memory ? 

A. No ; but to avoid the danger which they experienced. 

Q. Where were the remains of Peleg deposited ? 

A. In a tomb. 

Q. Was he not considered a reprobate ? 

A* No ; for the stone on his remains informs us that his 
Creator had mercy on him on account of his subsequent humility. 

Q. In what manner were you received a Prussian Mason ? 

A, By three humiliations, and by kissing the pommel of the 
sword of the Grand Commander. 



03 

Q. Why did you submit to tfcese humiliations ? 

a. As a proof of ray obedience to the dictates enjoined in 
this degree. 

Q. Why do knights wear a triangle? 

A* In memory of the temple of Peleg. 

Q. Why is the arrow reversed in the centre of it 

A. In remembrance of the remission that took place from 
his contrition, and that the cup of wrath was turned away from 
him. 

G. C. So may it be turned aside from all his successors, and 
with this sentiment I close the lodge of Noahites. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE £)F RED 
CROSS SWORD OF BABYLON. 

FIRST POINT. 

Officers — Cyrus, Mithredath, Senior Prince, Junior Prince, 
Senior General, Junior General, Eastern Knight, Southern 
Knight. 

Scene — Babylon with two towers, and a bridge over the river 
Euphrates. 

Cyrus is called, most potent sire. 

For the solemnities of this order, two apartments are re- 
quired. One is considered as the council chamber of Cyrus, 
King of Persia and Babylon. A throne is placed in the east, 
and behind it a transparency, descriptive of a dream of that 
monarch, lighted with seventy lamps, to represent seventy- 
years of the captivity of the Jews. 

fOKM OF OPENING. 

Cyrus — Brother companions, assist me to open the sovereign 
chapter of Knights of the Red Cross Sword of Babylon. 
Princes, Generals, the days of the seventy years for the cap- 
tivity of the Jews are expired. My intention is to liberate 
them, and to that purpose, I will relate to you the particulars 
of a dream. Interpret the words, and assist me with yc 
counsel. 

In my sleep, I perceived a lion ready to devour me ; 
a distance, Nebuchadnezzar and Belshazzar, my pred 



in chains. They were contemplating a glory, which masons 
show as the name of the Grand Architect of the Universe. In 
the clouds appeared an eagle, from whose beak issued an 
order to render liberty to the captives; I was asto- 
nished and confounded. The dream vanished, but my tran- 
quillity is disturbed. Princes deliberate ; assent or dissent to 
the term of vision. 

They draw their swords, and present their points to the air, 
then to the earth ; by which they assent to the will of the king. 
Then they - lift up the points, which denotes liberty, and let 
them remain in that position. 

Cyrus — Brother companions, the captivity shall be con- 
cluded. Princes, Generals, the Chapter of Knights of the Red 
Cross Sword of Babylon is opened. 

FORM OF RECEPTION. 

The candidate, being properly prepared, is brought to the 
door of the outer tower of Cyrus' palace, and gives the proper 
report. One of the king's guards of that tower opens the door, 
and demands, who comes there ? 

Zerubbabel. The first among my equals, a Mason of rank, 
and a royal captive in Babylon. 

Guard. What is your desire ? 

Z. To approach the presence of* our sovereign. 

G. What is your name ? 

Z. That is well known. Not one in Babylon but that knowg 
my name and dignity. 

[Here Zerubbabel throws aside his outer garment, and dis- 
covers the rich dress that he usually wore at the court of Cyrus, 
by which, with his well-known features, he makes himself 
known to the guard.] 

G. What is your age ? 

Z. Seventy years. 

G. What is the nature of your present application ? 

Z. To remedy the miserable situation of my brethren. 

G. Attend, whilst I report you to the king and council. 

Here the guard knocks, as a Knight of the Red Cross Sword, 
seven distinct or slow, three quick, an interval, and two quick. 
Answered from within, he reports, that the Prince Zerubbabel 
solicits an audience of the king. He is commanded, after a 
pause, to introduce him to the middle tower. The Senior 



95 

Prince of the court of Babylon, who now represents Cyrus the 
ring, comes to him and says : — Worthy Prince, for what do 
sou appear before us ? 

Z. I implore your good will and justice. 

S. P. Upon whose account? # 

Z. My own, and that of my companions, who have been in 
servitude seventy years. 

S. P. Signify the extent of the favotir you request ? 

Z. To grant us our liberty, to permit us to return to Judea, 
and to assist us in rebuilding the temple of our Creator. 

S. P. Since motives so just and mnourable have brought you 
here, you shall speak to us face to face. 

The council chamber door is thrown open, and, upon enter- 
ing, Zerubbabel kneels before the throne of Cyrus. The king's 
representative, during the time of his kneeling, delivers the sub- 
stance of the request. Cyrus says : — Arise, worthy prince, I 
have long witnessed the weight of your captivity, and am ready 
to release you this instant, if you will communicate to me the 
mysteries of your order of Masonry ; for which I have always 
had the most profound veneration. 

Z. Most Potent Sire, your situation renders it impossible foi 
me to entrust you with them ; for Solomon, when he first gave 
us the principles, taught us, that equality, fidelity, and brotherly 
love, were ever to be the criterion among Masons. Your rank, 
your titles, your superiority, are incompatible with the man- 
sions where the sacred mysteries of our order are prevalent. 
Our exterior marks are unknown to you. My engagments with 
my brethren are inviolable, and I dare not reveal to you our 
secrets. If my liberty is only to be purchased in this manner, 
I prefer captivity. 

Cyrus. I admire your zeal and your courage. Princes, 
generals, this worthy prince merits liberty for his attachment to 
his solemn compact. {The brethren assent by lowering the 
points of their swords.) With much pleasure, I grant the re- 
mission you requested, and consent to your liberty. {The 
chains are removed from the captive.) Go into your country of 
Judea. I permit you to rebuild the temple of Jerusalem, 
destroyed by my predecessors ; and your treasure shall be re- 
turned you before the sun is set. I appoint you chief among 
your brethren, and to preside over your equals ; and I com- 
mand, that they, shall honour you as they have hitherto me, 



96 

I expect a small tribute from you, and will send to receive it 
even under the porches of your new temple as soon as erected. 
I ask a model of your temple. It is not for the single value 
that I require it ; but to convince your neighbours and sur- 
rounding nations, that, you are still under my protection. 
Henceforward, you are to be to me, and I will be to you, a 
friend. I now arm you with this sword as a distinguishing 
mark above your fellow companions. You are to consider it 
the same sword that Nebuchadnezzar received from your king, 
Jehoiachim, at the time of his captivity; and I am persuaded, 
that you will employ it in the defence of your country, religion, 
and laws„ I, therefore, create you a Knight of the Red Cross 
Sword, and, as a proof of my esteem, I invest you with this 
apron and sash, which we have adopted in imitation of your 
own architects. These marks are circumscribed with particular 
mysteries, which I grant to the Princes and Companions of this 
Court as an honour : and you will hereafter enjoy among them 
the same distinctions. I, also present you with these remnants 
of your former temple, that were brought away at the captivity ; 
this Red Cross Jewel; this olive branch, as an emblem .of 
peace between us ; and the secrets of the Red Cross Sword 
Degree, as a proof permission to leave this country for your 
own, That you may pass without impediment through the pro- 
vinces between this and Judea, you must give to the three first 
Babylonish Guards in succession the words of Shadrach, Me- 
shach, and Abednego, and- altogether to the fourth. These 
words will carry you to your native country : but if more h 
demanded of you, give them the sword up and down as a sign. 
The candidate retires ; the lodge or chapter is made to re- 
present a public road with a bridge over the river Euphrates in 
Babylon, with guards at each end. Zerubbabel appears, and 
is stopped by the first guard, who challenges him with — Who 
comes there ? He gives the answer, sign, word, &c, and the 
same to the second guard. He passes through the dominions 
of the King of Babylon and reaches the confines of Judea. 
On passing the bridge of the Jordan, he gives the third word to 
the first guard, and to the last the three words. The guard re- 
plies — Thrice tried and thrice approved companion, pass in the 
name of the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. The 
best scenery for this ceremony, that the place where the chapter 
is held will admit, is used. 



97 



SECOND POINT, 



The candidate has now put off his rich attire as Zerubbaheh 
Prince of Jerusalem, and has put on that of first sojourner. 
Zerubbabel, Haggai, and Joshua, are supposed to hare gone 
through the ceremonies of the Red Cross Sword Degree, and to 
have become principals, holding a Chapter or Sanhedrim on 
their own account at Jerusalem, to examine all who returned 
from their captivity, to prove that they are legitimate descend- 
ants from Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Ezra and Nehemiah 
are also officers of the Sanhedrim, the whole present being se- 
venty-two. 

A report is made at the door by five distinct and two quick 
knocks : and, to the question of who comes there, is answered 
— A sojourner, a descendant of your forefathers, Abraham, 
Isaac, and Jacob, come out of Babylon to live with his 
brethren in Judea, and to assist in rebuilding the temple of 
the Lord. 

Janetor {door-keeper). What is your age ? 

Sojourner. Seventy years. 

J. None but architects and grand architects can be ad- 
mitted to the honour which you seek. If you possess the 
necessary qualifications, there is a vacancy not yet occupied 
and you may, by civility and perseverance, acquire those 
honours which avail true merit, without regard to birth or 
fortune. 

The candidate gives the signs of the ten preceding degrees, 
and enters upon the proper level. 

\ In the name of the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, 
enter the grand Sanhedrim of Jerusalem, and give immediately 
an account of your recent deliverance from your Babylonish 
captivity, and endeavour to prove that you are worthy of dis- 
tinctions. 

On entering, he salutes the Sanhedrim with the sign? rf 
the ten preceding degrees, and proceeds with the following nar- 
ration : — 

Most Excellent. In due time, I appeared before the throne 
of Cyrus, King of Persia and Babylon, who admitted the pro- 
priety of my application for freedom with fervency and zeal : 
and, as the seventy years of our captivity had expired, he 



98 

granted liberty that I should depart. He also armed me with 
this sword, and honoured me with the appellation of Brother 
and Knight Companion of the Red Cross Sword. He further- 
more gave me this apron and this sash, with this olive branch 
and these relics of our former temple, which I now present as 
a proof of the goodness of Cyrus your deliverer. 

Z. Brother architect, the decoration*; convince us that your 
integrity and fortitude have been put to the test, and convince 
us, also, that pomp and grandeur will not triumph over the 
honours of Masonry. Cyrus, in decorating you with these,' 
was guided by a noble spirit ; but not that of equality which 
inwardly accompanies us. The distinetions of this prince you 
have nobly merited, and you have also pursued those of Ma- 
sonry ; but, before you can be entrusted with the remaining se- 
crets, you must further say, that your bondage has not oblite- 
rated from your mind the sentiments of a free man, that you 
are not incapacitated from attaining the mysteries of the order. 
Therefore, you must first give me the signal which you received 
from Cyrus. 

The signal is given, and some other ceremony previous to the 
obligation, of which there is no copy among my documents ; 
but we have seen enough to see, that they are all alike, and 
that the tenor of one is the tenor of all. The obligation 
taken, Zerubbabel addresses the candidate in the following 
strain : — 

It is our intention, in future, to acknowledge those only as 
members of our order, whom we know to be true and legitimate 
masons ; not merely by their outward form, but by their man- 
ners and actions : and even they must bring with them as a 
pledge some part of the remains of the former temple, The in- 
tent of our labours is to rebuild the Temple of Jerusalem. The 
sword which Cyrus gave you must be used in defending your 
brethren and companions in arms, and to prevent all those who 
would profane the august edifice that we are now about to raise 
to the honour of the Supreme Being. It is on these conditions 
that we entrust you with our secrets. After your deliverance, 
Cyrus created you a Knight of the Red Cross Sword. I now 
present you with this trowel, which will serve as a perpetual 
memorial of your dignity, and that, in future, you will work 
with your trowel in your hand, and your sword by your side, 
du^ng the time that the temple is rebuilding. 



99 

This sash is to be worn in all lodges and chapters ; and it 
will be the mark, that you have received two degrees of 
knighthood. The chief emblem is the sword and trowel placed 
across. 

END OF THE DEGREE OF THE RED CR03S SWORD OF BABYLON. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF KNIGHTS 
OF THE SWORD OF THE EAST. 

There is another degree, so much like the former, as to be 
made up of nearly the same words, with some slight variations : 
it is called, Red Cross Knights of the Sword, or of the 
East. The ceremony is precisely the same with regard to the 
dream of Cyrus. The reception and dismissal of Zerubbabel 
are precisely the same, only the tribute demanded is three lambs, 
five sheep, and seven rams. An escort is furnished to Zerub- 
babel. Without the escort, we found that he travelled safely : 
with it he gets robbed on the bridge of ail the insignia of the 
order which Cyrus had given him, but as they could not rob 
him of the secrets, he, of course, is received at Jerusalem as a 
good masonic Jew. The penalty of the obligation is never to 
reveal the secrets of a Knight of the Sword, without suffering 
captivity for life. The sign of a masonic knight of this degree 
is to place the right hand on the left shoulder ; letting it fall di- 
agonally to the right side, as if cutting the body in two. The 
answer is, to place the right hand upon the left hip, and to tra- 
verse the body to the right hip. The grip is to place the right 
hand upon the sword, and to draw it, as if to fight. Then, to 
make a movement with the body as if to repel an enemy ; the 
left hand lifted up and closed. The words are Judea and Ba- 
bylonia. The pass-word Liberty. The catechism will serve 
for either degree. 

CATECHISM 

Q. Brother, how came you to the eminent degree of Knight 
of 'the Sword? 

A. By humility, patience, and frequent application. 



100 

{$. To whom do you address yourse*; s 

A. To one who is greater than a king. 

3- What is your name ? 

A. That you will find upon your records. 

Q, Your country ? 

A. Judea; I am born of noble parents, and of the..tntie of 
Judah. 

Q. What art do you profess ? 

A. Masonry. 

Q. What edifices do you build ? 

A. The temples and tabernacles. 

Q. Where do you raise them ? 

A. For want of ground, we build them in our hearts. 

Q. What is the genuine appellation of a Knight Mason ? 

A. A Free Mason. 

Q. Why called a Free Mason ? 

A. Because the Masons who were chosen by Solomon to 
work at the temple were declared, with their descendants free 
and exempt from all imposts, duties, and taxes. They had 
also a privilege to bear arms. Since the destruction of the 
temple by Nebuchadnezzar, they were carried into captivity 
with the Jewish people ; but the good will of Cyrus gave 
them permission to erect a second temple, having first given 
them liberty. It is since this epoch, that we bear the name of 
Freemasons. 

Q. What was the first temple ? 

A- It was the wonder of the world for riches and grandeur. 
Its porch would contain 200,500 people. 

Q. Who were the architects of this grand edifice ? 

A. The Creator of the world gave the design, and Solomon 
directed the workmen. 

Q. Who placed the first sign ? 

A. Solomon. 

Q. At what hour ? 

A. Before the rising of the sun. 

Q. Why? 

A. To point out the alacrity required in the worship of the 
Deity. 

Q. Why is the No. 81 held in so much veneration among 
Masons ? 

A. Because this number explained the triple essence of the 



101 

Divinity, figured by the triple triangle, by the square of nine and 
the number three. 

Q. Why were the chains of the captives triangular ? 

A. The Assyrians understood that the triangle was considered 
as an emblem of the name of the Eternal by their captives. 
They, therefore, made their chains in that form, to render their 
situation more mortifying and severe. 

Q. Why is it prohibited that masons shall not work but at 
regular structures ? 

A. To teach us a duty that irregular' lodges are not to be 
frequented. 

Q. What were the injunctions given by Cyrus respecting the 
second temple ? 

A. That it should be an hundred cubits long, sixty broad, 
and sixty high. 

Q. Why did Cyrus command them to take the wood from 
Lebanon and stone from Tyre ? 

A. That the second temple might in these respects be equal 
to the first. 

Q. Who was the immediate architect ? 

A. Bebot. 

Q. Why were the workmen armed with swords ? 

A. As they were liable to be interrupted in carrying the ma- 
terials, and even the work itself. 

Q. Are you a knight of the sword? 

A. Look at me — {draws his sword.) 

Q. Give me the sign — (given). Give me the words ? 

A. Judea and Babylonia. 

Q. Give me the pass-word ? 

A. Liberty. 

Q. Give the grip — (given). Where have you worked • 

A. At the rebuilding of the temple. 

Q. The instant of rebuilding ? 

A. Present. 

Q. Very excellent, since we are happy enough to have re- 
built the temple in its splendour, let us preserve the memory 
and remarks of it by our silence. 



102 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF RED CROSS 
OF ROME AND CONSTANTINE. 

The Grand Master of this degree is called Constantine ; his 
deputy Eusebius. There are also a Senior General, a Junior 
General, a Grand Standard-bearer, and a Janetor or Tyler. 
we have seen that the forms of opening and closing in all the 
degrees are alike, the object being to ascertain that the members 
are not overlooked : that none but members of the degree are 
present. In this degree, there is difference only in the names 
of the officers, and the opening proceeds thus : — 

Constantine. Sir Knights Companions, assist me to open the 
conclave of Sir Knights Companions of the Red Cross of Rome 
and Constantine. {All the knights rise, draw their swords, and 
stand in due form.") 

C. Sir Knight Eusebius, what is the first duty of the Com- 
panions of this order ? 

E. To see the conclave is properly cemented, and that the 
Janetor is at his post, duly armed and clothed. 

C. Sir Knight Junior General, see that duty done. (This is 
done ivith two reports, in the usual form ; and the same in- 
ternally, as in the other degrees; after which, the conclave is 
declared open, in the name of Constantine, its noble and 
royal founder, by giving sixteen knocks and the grand 
honours.) 

CATECHISM. 

Q. Why do we open and close in this degree with sixteen 
reports. 

A. In allusion to the sixteen stars, surrounding the sixteen 
letters composing the Grand Words, In hoc signo vinces, in the. 
form of the cross of Constantine, in the heavens. 

Q. How dq we prepare our candidates for this degree ? 

A. In the clothing of a Roman soldier : the cross of Con- 
stantine in his right hand, and in his left a New Testament. 

Q. For what reason ? 

A. To hold in commemoration the miracle that wrought the 
conversion of Constantine and his enemies, his pious zeal 



103 

for Christianity, and to denote that he was the first Roman Em- 
peror to embrace the Christian faith, and to propagate the same 
by the force of arms. . 

Q. Why do we enter the conclave with two reports ? 

A. In commemoration of the famous cross and vision seen 
by Constantine in the heavens. 

Q. Be pleased to explain them ? 

A. One evening, the army being upon its march toward* 
Rome, Constantine, intent upon various considerations upon the 
fate of sublunary things and the dangers of his approaching 
expedition, sensible of his own incapacity to succeed without 
divine assistance, employed his meditations upon the opinions 
which were then agitated among mankind, and sent up his eja- 
culations to Heaven for an inspiration with wisdom to be able 
to choose the path proper to be pursued. As the sun was de- 
clining, there suddenly appeared a pillar of light in the hea- 
vens, in the fashion of a cross, with this inscription : — In hoc 
signo vinces, By this thou shalt overcome. So extraordinary an 
appearance did not fail to create astonishment, both in the em- 
peror and his whole army, who reflected on it as their various 
dispositions led them. They who were attached to Paganism, 
prompted by their auspices, pronounced it to be a most inaus- 
picious omen, portending the most unfortunate events. But it 
made a different impression on the emperor's mind, who was 
further encouraged by the visions of the same night. He, there- 
fore, the following day, caused a royal standard to be made, 
like that which he had seen in the heavens, and commanded it 
to be carried before him in his wars, as an ensign of victory and 
celestial protection. 

Q. Was there any other thing remarkable in the life of our 
royal founder ? 

A. The arms of his soldiers, the public prayer, his charity 
and tomb. 

Q. Be pleased to explain ? 

A. As for the arms of his soldiers, which were newly spr * v 
from gentility, not forgetting his vision and victory, he garnish -d 
with the sign of the cross, that thereby they might the soor er 
blot out from their remembrance their old superstitious idolatry, 
and, in the spirit and truth, to worship the only true God- He 
also took into his service, and bountifully rewarded, all such 
soldiers as had been cashiered upon the account of their being 



104 

Christians, and prescribed them a form of prayer by way of a 
confession of faith, in these words : — We acknowledge thee 
only to be our God : we confess thee to be our king : we invoke 
and call upon thee to be our helper : by thee we obtain our vic- 
tories : by thee we vanquish and subdue our enemies : to thee 
we attribute whatever conveniences we enjoy : and by thee we 
"nope for good things to come. To thee we direct our suits and 
petitions, most humbly beseeching thee to protect and preserve 
Constantine our emperor, his noble children, and all Christians : 
and beg of thee, our everlasting King, to continue them long in 
life and give them victory over their enemies, through Christ 
Jesus our Lord. Amen. 

The good emperor gave liberally to the maintenance of schools 
erected for the encouragement of piety and learning, and granted 
large privileges to universities, commanding the scriptures to 
be diligently kept and continually read in all churches. He 
also liberally relieved the necessities of the poor, remitting the 
fourth part of his rents and revenues to be disposed of for these 
and other pious uses. 

His tomb of grey marble continues at Constantinople to this 
day. Even the Turks retain a veneration for the memory of this 
worthy emperor. 

Accounting the six years that Licinius reigned with him, the 
time of the persecution amounts to just three hundred years, 
when it ceased with this great emperor, who laid a lasting 
foundation for the honour of the Christian name. Upon this 
account, his memory will flourish in the minds of all good men 
and Christian Masons, till time shall be no more. 

Q, In what manner do we enter the conclave at the time 01 
our exaltation ? 

A. On the triangle and with the pass-word, Constantine. 

Q. Why are we conducted round the conclave twelve times, 
when we are exalted to this degree ? 

A. In commemoration of Constantine's going twelve times 
round the plot of ground at Rome set apart for the church, that 
he commanded to be built for the use of the Christians, when he 
carried upon his imperial shoulders twelve baskets of earth for 
the foundation, in memory of the twelve apostles. 

Q. Is there not a second reason? 

A. In allusion to the twelve great pillars that support the 
Church of Ptome, on which was delineated an abstract o£ the 
Acts of the Apostles. 



Q. Is there not a third reason why we are conducted round 
twelve times ? 

A. In commemoration of the twelve grand points connected 
with the cross of Christ, the zeal of our grand and noble founder, 
and that of his mother, St, Helena. 

Q. What was the first grand point ? 

A. The humility of Christ upon the cross; 

Q. The second. 

A. St. Helena going from Rome to Jerusalem. 

Q. The third ? 

A. The pious and diligent enquiry of St. Helena after the 
sacred spot, Golgotha. 

Q. The fourth? 

A. St. Helena finds three crosses, and is much perplexed to 
know which is that of Jesus Christ. 

Q. The fifth? 

A. Macarius, Bishop of Jerusalem > directs St. Helena how 
to discover the cross of Christ from those of the two thieves. 

Q. The sixth ? 

A. The first public acts of St. Helena and Constantine after 
the cross of Christ had been found. 

Q. The seventh ? 

A. The two festivals of the Christian Church . 

Q. The eighth? 

A The cross taken away by one of the heathen emperors, 

Q. The ninth ? 

A. The restoration of the cross of Christ. 

Q. The tenth ? 

A. The Emperor Heraclius recovers for the Christiars the 
cross of Christ, and carries it himself in his royal rob ^s and 
pomp of state, 

Q. The eleventh ? 

A. Heraclius divests himself of his robes of royalty, ^.r d, 
an pious humble state, carries the cros* into the Chui^i 
Mount Calvary. 

Q. The twelfth ? 

A. The reign of the Son of God at the day of judgment. 

Q. What are the grand words of this order ? 

A. In hoc signo vinces. 

Q. What are the pass-words ? 

A, Constantine and Matthias. 

22 



Q. What is the chief furniture of this degree ? 

A. A grand transparent cross placed in the east, formed b£ 
sixteen stars, and, in the centre, the sixteen letters forming the 
grand words. 

Q. What is the jewel and mark of this order ? 

A. A cross with the initials of the grand words I. H. S. V. 

In the closing of this degree, there is an invocation of thif- 
teen saints, or the twelve ap03tles and Saint Paul, in the true 
Roman Catholic style. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE DEGREE OF KNIGHTS 
OF THE WHITE EAGLE OR PELICAN. 

This degree in Scotland has been also called that of Knights 
of the Rosy Cross of Saint Andrew, and has been taken a§ the 
ne plus ultra of Masonry. In some cases, it lias borne that 
distinction, which has also been the case with several other -de- 
grees, before new ones were invented : I have another degree to 
come called ne plus ultra. This must pass as that of Knights 
of the Eagle and perfect Mason. This degree has two points, 
and requires two apartments. The first to represent Mount 
Calvary ; and the second, the instant of the Resurrection. la 
this and in the ne plus ultra degree, we have a going down into 
hell ! 

The first apartment is hung with black, and lighted with 
thirty-three lights upon three candlesticks of eleven branches. 
Each light is enclosed in a small tin box, and issues its light 
through a hole of an inch diameter. These lights denote the 
age of Jesus Christ. 

In three angles of the room, north-east, south-east, and 
south-west, are three pillars, of the height of a man, on the 
chapiters or which a word is written, making Faith, Hope, and 
Charity. 

Every lodge or chapter has its picture or draught, descrip- 
tive of its form, and of the proper place of its officers and 
emblems. The draught of this degree represents the lodge 
as a long square, with triple signs, on the exterior of which 
are written the words Wisdom, Strength } and Beauty. 



107 

the interior, east, south, north, and west. On the east, at the 
south and north angles, the sun and moon and a sky studded 
with stars are painted. The clouds very dark. An eagle is 
seen beating the air with his wings, as a symbol of the supreme 
power. 

There are also drawn three squares, containing three 
circles which contain three angles, or an equilateral triangle 
each, allegorical of Mount Calvary. On the summit is a 
cubic stone pointed and painted, as if sweating blood and 
water, typical of the sufferings of the Son of God. Upon 
the cubic stone is a rose, which is compared to his sweet- 
ness, and the letter J, which means Jehovah, the expiring 
word. 

The space round the square is filled with darkness, to repre- 
sent that which happened at the crucifixion. Below it are all 
the ancient instruments and tools of Masonry, with the columns 
broken and divided into many parts, to denote that all the de- 
pending parts of the work of a mason could not be worked at 
the death of he who was master of it. Lower down is the 
veil of the temple rent into two parts. On the exterior of the 
oriental line is the colour, with the seven knots of union as per- 
fect masons. Before the master is a little table, lighted by 
three lights, upon which, instead of the Bible, the gospel, com- 
passes, square, and triangle are placed. All the brethren are 
clothed in black, with a black scarf from the left shoulder to 
the right side. An apron doubled with black, which must not 
be worn out of the first apartment. The master and the other 
officers wear on the neck a wide ribbon of black mohair, from 
which hangs the jewel. The master's jewel is a blazing star of 
seven rays, in the middle of which is the letter G. The rays of 
the star are commonly of stone, and the mounting gold. The 
jewel of the Senior Warden is a triangle : that of the Junior 
"Warden a square and compasses. The other officers wear their 
ordinary jewels, which are covered with a small bit of black 
cloth. The jewels of each brother is formed by the compasses 
mounted, the points upon a quarter circle. At the head of the 
compasses is a blown rose, the stalk of which loses itself in 
one of the points. In the middle of the rose is the letter G 
mounted upon a small crown. In the middle of the com- 
passes is a cross, of which the first extremity is conusant at the 
head of the compasses ; the second, opposed to it, touches the 



10S 

middle of the quarter circle ; the third and fourth abut on the 
middle of the points. Upon the cross is a pen in mosaic gold 
and silver. On each side, upon one reverse of the cross, is, 
in the middle, an eagle adosse, the wings stretched over the 
sides, and the talons contracted up to the body. On the other, 
is a pelican adosse, the wings extended, and having round her 
breast seven young ones, the beaks open and held up to receive 
the blood which flows from her wounded body to nourish them. 
This should be of gold or gilt, and is worn in the first apart- 
ment, at the bottom of a large Scotch red ribbon, with a small 
black rosette fastened at the top, and which marks the said 
degree. 

The second apartment, representing the instant of the resur- 
rection, is hung with tapestry, luminous lights and full of glory, 
without a human figure. The three chandeliers, with thirty- 
three lights, illuminate this apartment, but without the boxes. 
The master, the officers, and brethren, on entering this apart- 
ment, take red sashes and aprons, with the jewels before men- 
tioned. They wear the sword and scarf, as in the preceding 
degree. The picture of this apartment is a long square with 
quadruple signs, with the words Faith, Hope, Charity, East, 
South, West and North, written on the exterior, and an in- 
dented tuft in the east. In the angles of the north and south, 
are the sun and moon in a sky studded with stars. In the first 
part of the east, a cross surrounded with a glory and a cloud, 
with seven angles : upon the cross is a rose of Paradise, in the 
middle of which is the letter G. Below are three squares, in 
which are three circles, having three triangles, to form the sum- 
mit which is allegorical of Mount Calvary, upon which the 
Grand Architect of the Universe expired ! Upon this summit 
is a blazing star, with seven rays, shining with all its splendour, 
and in the middle of it the letter G. The Star represents, al- 
legorically, the Son of God resuscitated in all his glory. On 
the south side is a pelican upon its nest piercing her bosom, 
whence issues three streams of blood to nourish the seven young 
ones; which is an image of parental tenderness. On the 
north is an eagle beating the air with its wings, as an image of 
supreme power. Below is the tomb. In the lower part of the 
said square, upon the middle line from the east to the west, are 
the compasses, drawing board, crow, trowel, and square. Upon 
the south line is the cubic stone pointed, and its hammer^ the 



1W> 

rule and level. Upon the north line, the rough stone and ham- 
mer, the mallet and chisel, the plumb-line and the perpendicu- 
lar. On the exterior of the east line, t\e column and the seven 
knots of union as perfect masons. 

The master of this lodge allegorically represents the person 
of Wisdom and Perfection, which gives him the title of most 
wise and perfect master. The wardens are styled most excellent 
and perfect. The other officers most puissant and perfect bro- 
thers, adding the title of their office. The brethren are called 
most respectable and perfect Masons, having the title of perfect 
only in the second apartment. 

In the second apartment there are no other tables but that 
on the right of the master, very small and of a triangular form. 
There is nothing upon it but the book of the gospel, the tools of 
Masonry, and three lights. The officers and the brethren, when 
in this apartment, take the red sashes and aprons, adding thereto 
the jewels, which they wore in the first apartment, at the bot- 
tom of the black sash. 

FORM OF OPENING THE FIRST APARTMENT. 

The brethren assembled, master in the east and wardens in 
the west, he says, aid me to open this lodge. The wardens re- 
peat the words. The master .gives seven slow reports with the 
mallet, and a double distance of time between the sixth and 
seventh. This is called reporting as a Knight of the Eagle. 
The wardens repeat the report. 

Master. Most excellent brother Senior Warden, what is the 
first duty of a Mason ? 

S. W. Most wise and most perfect, it is to see if the lodge 
is tiled. 

M. Let the most excellent brother Junior Warden examine 
if the lodge be covered. 

The Junior Warden does this, and reports to the Senior, and 
he to the Master, that the lodge is covered. 

M. Most excellent brother Senior Warden, what hour is 
it? 

S. W. The hour of a perfect Mason. 

M. What is the hour of a perfect Mason ? 

S. W. The instant when the veil of the temple is rent, when 
darkness and consternation spread upon the face of the ear:h 



110 

the light is obscured, the tools of masonry are broken, the blaz- 
ing star disappears, the pointed cubic stone sweats blood and 
water, and the word is lost. 

M. Most excellent brother, since masonry undergoes so great 
j preparation, let us employ our diligence in fresh labours foi 
the recovery of the word. The Lodge of Knights of the Eagla 
is open. 

The wardens repeat the same words, an^ then all give three 
huzzas and remain silent. 

RECEPTION IN THE FIRST APARTMENT. 

The candidate is clothed in black, decorated with a red rib- 
bon, an apron doubled with the same colour, and a sword and 
scarf. His eyes are not covered. The deacon who prepares 
him, says : — The temples of the Masons are demolished, the 
tools and columns are broken, and the word is lost, since the last 
reception. In spite of the precautions we had taken, we have 
lost the means of regaining it, and the order in general is in the 
greatest consternation. 

The candidate ready, the deacons conduct him to the door ot 
the lodge, and make the report of seven. The Junior Warden 
answers from within, and gives him the seven upon the mallet 
of the Senior Warden, he returns seven upon the mallet of the 
Junior Warden, who says : — Most excellent and perfect brother 
Senior Warden, one knocks at the door of the lodge, after the 
manner of the Knight of the Eagle. The Senior Warden makes 
the report to the Master, who says : — Most excellent and per- 
fect brother Senior Warden, let the most excellent and perfect 
brother Junior Warden see who knocks at the door of the lodge, 
with the usual precautions. The Senior repeats this to the Ju- 
nior W 7 arden, who goes to the door, exchanges sev*n reports 
with the deacons, opens it, and asks who is there ? 

Deacon. It is a Knight Mason, wandering among the 
woods and mountains, who, since the destruction of the. tem- 
ple, has lost the word, and requests your assistance to seek and 
recover it. 

The Junior Warden knocks again on the wallet of the 
Senior, and receives the compliment in return. He then reports 
the words of the Deacon, and the Senior reports them to the 
Master. 



ill 

M. lvlost puissant and perfect brothers, do you consent tc 
his introduction 1 (They assent by striking their hands against 
the lodge.) 

All now appear in consternation and affliction, sitting with 
the right hand on the heart and the left on the face, the head 
drooping, and the elbow on the knees. The Master leans for- 
ward on the table after saying : — Most excellent and perfect 
brother Senior Warden, let the most excellent and perfect bro- 
ther Junior Warden introduce the Knight Mason and place him 
in the west, to answer the questions which will be put to him. 
The Senior communicates the order, and the Junior goes to the 
door, makes the seven reports, and receives the same from the 
Deacon. He opens the door, and conducts the candidate to 
the west : then gives seven reports upon the mallet of the Se- 
nior Warden, and receives his reply, when he says : — Most 
excellent and perfect brother Senior Warden, I bring to you a 
Knight Mason, who requests the word. The Senior repeats this 
to the Master. 

M. Brother, corruption has glided among our wo?k. It is 
no longer in our power to labour, You perceive the conster- 
nation that reigns here. At this moment a strange confusion 
exists among us and over the face of the universe. The veil of 
the temple is rent. Darkness covers the earth. The sun is ob- 
scured. Our tools are broken. The blazing star has disap- 
peared. The pointed cubical stone sweats blood and water. 
And the word is lost. 

You see, that it is not possible to give it to you, however, it is 
not our design to despair : we will find out the new law, that 
we may recover the word. Are you also desirous of following 
the new law of the Christian Religion ? 

Candidate. Yes, most wise. 

M. Most excellent and perfect brother Junior Warden, make 
him travel for the space of thirty- three years, by the west, north, 
east, and south, that he may approve the beauties of the new 
law. 

M. The Junior Warden conducts the candidate thirty- three 
times round the lodge without stopping. In this travel, ne 
makes him remark the three columns in the three parts of 
the lodge. As he leads him to each, he tells him their 
names are Faith, Hope, and Charity, — Didding him well re- 
member these names, because they must henceforth be his 
guides. 



112 

He leads him back to the west, where he gives seven reports 
with the mallet upon that of the Senior Warden, who returns 
the same. 

J. W. Most excellent and perfect brother Senior Warden, 
the mysterious voyage is accomplished. The Senior Warden 
reports it to the Master. 

M. Brother N , what have you learnt in this journey? 

Candidate. Three virtues, to be my guide henceforth. Faith, 
Hope, and Charity. Teach me if there be any others to seek 
and follow. 

M. No, my brother, these are positively the principles and 
the pillars of our new master ; approach and take with us the 
engagements we require. The Senior Warden makes him ap- 
proach the table, and kneel with his right knee upon the gos- 
pel ; and in this posture he takes the following 

OBLIGATION. 

Yes, I promise, by the same obligations which I have taken 
in the former degrees of Masonry, never to reveal the secrets of 
the Knight of the Eagle, to any Knight Mason, Grand 
Architect, Master Mason, Fellow Craft, or Entered Appren- 
tice, nor to the uninitiated, under the penalty of being for 
ever deprived of the true word, of remaining in perpetual 
darkness; 

That a river of blood and water shall issue continually from 
my body, and under the penalty of suffering anguish of soul, 
of being steeped in vinegar and gall, of having on my head the 
most piercing thorns, and of dying upon the cross ; so help me 
the Grand Architect of the Universe. 

The Senior Warden leads the candidate to the right, and puts 
the black apron upon him, telling him, that it is the mark of all 
masons, who have not aided in causing our grief, but that it 
ought to represent to us the image of it, and to serve us for a 
knowledge of those among us, who seeks to receiye the true 
word, and to be enlightened in the new mystery, by a real con- 
trition and perfect humility. 

In taking the sash, and passing it from the left to the right, 
he says : — The sash is a symbol of our sorrow for the loss 
of the word. You ought to know it as a mark of grief, until 
that is recovered. Go to the west and assist us in recover- 



113 

The candidate places himself between the two Wardens. 
The Master gives seven reports, which are answered by the 
Senior Warden. The brethren raise their heads, cros* their 
arms with a hand on each breast, and appear less sorrowful. 

M. Most excellent and perfect brother Senior Warden, what 
is the motive of our assembling? 

S. W. The pointed cubical stone sweating blood and water, 
through the relaxations of masons from labour, and through the 
errors of Masonry, exposed on the summit of a mountain cut 
with the point of a diamond. 

M. What means this mystery ? 

S. W. The loss of the word of a Mason, which is lost in- 
deed ; but may, we hope, by our aid, be recovered. 

M. What must be done to regain it? 

S. W. We must embrace the new law, and be well con- 
vinced of its three virtues, which are its pillars, its base, and 
principles. 

M. What are they? 

S. W. Faith, Hope, and Charity. 

M. How shall we find these three pillars ? 

S. W. In travelling and wandering in the greatest obscurity. 

M. How long? 

S. W. The space of three days. 

M. Let us go, brother, from the east to the south, from 
the south to the west, from the west to the north, and en- 
deavour not to lose sight of the sentiments which may 
guide us. 

All rise in silence, and make thirty-three steps of the round 
or the lodge. Before the last seven, the Master goes from that 
apartment to the other, where he gives up his sash and black 
apron to take the red ones. He is followed by all the brethren, 
who do the same. He then walks towards the door of the se 
cond apartment, which is expressly prepared for 

THE SECOND POINT OF RECEPTION. 

The apartment for the preparation and for this reception is a. 
third, the most remote from the others, and made as terrifying 
as possible, to resemble the torments of hell, tt has seven 
chandeliers, with grey burning flambeaus, whose mouths repre- 
sent death's head and cross bones. The walls are hung with 
tapestry, painted with flames, and figures of the damned. 



il4 

In entering the second apartment, the Master gives seven 
equi-timed reports, which are called the report of the Perfect 
Mason. The door is opened by a brother appointed to guard 
it, and to whom each gives the report of a perfect mason and 
the pass-word Emanuel. The candidate comes last, and re- 
ports as a Knight of the Eagle, and is deficient of the pass- 
word, on which admittance is refused. He sa.ys, " I am one 
of the brothers, who seek the word lost, by the aid of the 
new law and the three columns of masonry." At these words, 
the guard, who knows him to be a candidate, takes his sash 
and apron from him, saying, these marks of decoration are 
not humble enough to qualify him to find it, and that he 
must pass through much more vigorous trials. He then covers 
him with a black cloth, covered with dirty ashes, so that he can 
see nothing, telling him that he is to be conducted to the darkest 
of places, from which the word must come forth triumphant to 
the glory and advantage of masonry, and that he must abandon 
all self-confidence. In this condition, he is conducted into an 
apartment in which there is a steep descent up and down which 
he is directed to travel ; after which, he is conducted to the door 
and has the black cloth removed. Before him stand three 
figures dressed as devils. He is then ordered to parade the 
room three times, without pronouncing a word, in memory of 
the mysterious descent into the dark places, which lasted three 
days. He is then led to the door of the apartment, covered 
with the black cloth, and told, that the horrors through which 
he has passed are as nothing in comparison with those through 
which he has to pass ; therefore, he is cautioned to summon all 
his fortitude, to meet the dreadful scene. 

Thus prepared, he is brought to the door of the second apart- 
ment, and, whilst the Wardens are answering the report, he is 
instructed how to answer their questions, and told that a mis- 
fortune will befall him if he does not answer correctly. The 
ceremony of successive reporting takes place within, and the 
Junior Warden is instructed to enquire with the usual precau- 
tions. These precautions are the reports and the challenge of 
— Who comes there, and what is your request ? 

Deacon. It is a Knight of the Eagle, who, after penetrating 
the deepest place, hopes to procure from you the word, as the 
fruit of his research. 

The door is again shut, and the usual ceremony of reporting 



115 

gone through. The Master orders the candidate to be intro- 
duced, which is done in the same ceremonial form, finally 
introducing him to the Master, as a Knight of the Eagle de- 
sirous of recovering the lost word, and of becoming a perfect 
mason. 

M. From whence came you ? 

N. From Judea. 

M. Which way did you come ? 

N. By Nazareth 

M. What is the name of your conductor ? 

N. Raphael. 

M. Of what tribe are vou descended ? 

N. Judah. 

M. Give me the four initials of these four words ? 

N. I. N. R. I. 

M. What do these four letters signify ? 

N. Jesus of Nazareth, the Ring of the Jews. 

M. Brother, the word is found : let him be restored to 
light. 

The Junior W r arden quickly takes off the black cloth, and, 
at the signal of the Master, all the brethren clap their hands 
three times, and gives three huzzas. The Master says, approach, 
my dear brother, that I may communicate to you the last words 
of perfect masonry. — He is conducted to the Master, who gives 
him the sign, word, and grip. 

M. Our signs, to know each other in this degree, are, first, 
to raise the eyes to heaven, crossing the hands, with the fore- 
finger pointed upwards, and letting them fall together on the 
belly. This is called the sign of admiration. The second, 
which is the answer to it is, to lift the right hand and to point 
the index towards heaven, the other fingers being clenched, to 
denote that there is but one being, who is the sovereign and 
pure truth. 

The grip is to lay the hands on the breasts of a brother and 
to begin with one. To know a brother, you place either hand 
cross- ways, or the right hand to his right breast. He answers 
■with his left hand to your left breast, and with the other hands 
in the same manner* This is called the good posture. The 
word is the I. N. R. I., and the pass-word Emanuel. 

The candidate is told to practice the grip and word with each 
perfect mason in the lodge, and lastly with the Master. After 



116 

which, he receives the rosette and jewel of a Knight of the Ea 
gle and Perfect Mason, and has it attached to the bottom of his 
grand Scotch ribbon. 

M. Brother N , this rosette is to remind you of the loss 

of the word, and this jewel will teach you, by its symbol, that 
masonry includes a mysterious allegory concealed from all but 
perfect Masons. The cross of your jewel should be known to 
you better than I can explain it. May you never lose the me- 
mory of it. We will proceed to your instruction in 



THE HISTORICAL DEGREE OE THE KNIGHTS 
OF THE EAGLE. 

After the rebuilding of the temple, the Masons having neg- 
lected their labours, and abandoned to the rigours and vicissi- 
tudes of the times the valuable buildings which they had raised 
with so much pains, their works fitted with so much decency, 
the wisdom of their workmanship, the strength of the materials, 
and the beauty of the architecture were alike exposed to cor- 
ruption, confusion, and disorder. The Grand Architect of the 
Universe, determined to manifest his glory, and to abandon the 
support of the materials to the vicissitudes of time, in order to 
erect in its stead the sublime and excellent spiritual geometry, 
whose existence human power should not be able to attack, and 
whose duration should be through an eternity of ages. It is in 
consequence of this resolution, that men have seen the miracu- 
lous phenomenon, that prodigy of prodigies, the cubical stone 
sweating blood and water, and suffering anguisli of soul. It 
was then that the stone, the corner of the building, was torn by 
the workmen from the foundation of the temple, to be thrown 
among the ruins, and that the mystic rose was sacrificed on a 
cross, planted on the summit of the mountain, which is elevated 
above the surface towards the celestial globe, by three squares, 
three circles, and three triangles, cut with the point of a 
diamond. 

In an instant Masonry was destroyed, the veil was reni, 
tfd earth was covered with darkness, the light was obscured, 
me tools of masonry were broken, the blazing star disappeared, 
the word was lost. It may easily be imagined into what a 
depth of misery every mansion was plunged. At that fatal 



117 

moment, an unaccountable dismay, a vast consternation wa? the 
least of their pains. They were obliged, for the space of three 
days, to wander in the deepest obscurity, uncertain whether, 
by some fresh accident, it would be taken from them. Never 
before was such great perplexity experienced by the human 
heart. But the will of Him, who conducts and rules all events 
and who had caused this universal astonishment, at the expira- 
tion of three days, caused the light to shine again ; but as a 
brilliant testimony, behold a new phenomenon. — The broken 
tools of masonry were again made entire ; the blazing star shone 
in all its splendour, nay, with a greater brilliancy, and the word 
was found again. This happiness happened, however, only to 
those Masons who had shaken off the negligence and hardness 
or heart into which they had fallen. Some of them, having 
travelled the space of thirty-three years, in search of the word, 
taught others, that it was necessary to know the three pillars — 
Faith, Hope, and Charity, and tc follow the new law, in the 
hope of re-entering on the mystic labours of their order. It 
was only by means of these new principles, that Masonry re- 
appeared in the light of man, under the rules which allegori- 
cally conducted them to practise it in their actions. From this 
time, masons no more built material edifices ; but occupied 
themselves in spiritual buildings. They fortified their works 
by temperance, prudence, justice, an*i strength ; and they no 
longer feared the vicissitudes of the times. 

May you, my dear brother, never want these supports, and 
may the Grand Architect of the Universe be your aid and 
guide. 

FORM OF CLOSING THE LODGE. 

The Master and Wardens give the seven reports. 

M. Most excellent and perfect Brother Senior Warden, what 
hour is it with perfect masons ? 

S. W. The moment when the word has been recovered, 
when the pointed cubical stone has been changed, the mystic 
rose and blazing star restored with greater splendour, when 
the tools are restored entire, and the light has re-appeared to 
our eyes with greater brilliancy, when the darkness is dispersed,, 
and the masonic law firmly established among the labourers in 
masonry . 



m 

nf . Most excellent and perfect Brother Senior Warden, 
following this law, because it is the end of all the wonders 
which have astonished our eyes, I pronounce, that the 
lodge of perfect Masons is closed. The Wardens repeat 
these words, and all the brethren give three claps and three 
huzzas. 



A DESCRIPTION OF THE ROSICRUCIAN OR NE 
PLUS ULTRA DEGREE. 

Tins dignity is considered as the ne plus ultra of masonry. 
The possession of it is of that importance, that the members 
have a right to be admitted into inferior lodges without exami- 
nation. Yet the Knights of the Rosy Cross are more particular 
in demanding demonstrative proof from strangers, than any 
other order of masonry. They will not accept as a visiter any 
brother unless he is well known, or can give a ready answer to 
every question proposed. They advance no person who has 
not been admitted into all the preceding degrees. 

There are three points in the Rosicrucian system : the first 
and second are called sovereign chapters, and the third the 
mystic supper. The latter of which is held only four times a 
year. 

The officers are called most wise, orator, secretary, and mas- 
ter of the ceremonies. The brethren are styled most respectful 
knights. i 

The jewel of this dignity is a triangle formed by a compass 
and a quarter of a circle, in the centre is a cross, upon which 
is a rose, and upon the quarter of the circle is a pelican, bleed- 
ing to feed her young. The jewel is tied to a black rose, and 
pendant to a black collar, in the first point, and to a crimson 
in the second. 

The decorations of the lodge, in the principal apartment, are, 
first, a triangular altar on seven steps. Behind it is a large 
transparency, with a cross and a rose painted on its middle, and 
an inscription over it, of Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the 
Jews. Broken columns are visible on one side of the trans- 



119 

parency, and a tomb on the other in the east, with three large 
>ights in the west. 

This preparation serves for the three points, except at a re- 
ception, when, for the first point, the whole is covered with 
black, and three columns are placed, with the theological vir- 
tues on them, or Faith, Hope, and Charity — Two other apart- 
ments are essential for the introduction ; one is denominated 
the chamber of the last degree, and the other is called the ob- 
smro chamber, no other light being admitted. 

FIRST POINT. 

The most wise is seated on the third step of the altar, with 
his head supported by one of his hands. He strikes five equal 
and two quick strokes, saying — What hour is it? 

A. The first hour of the day. 

M W. It is time, then, to commence our labours. Invite 
the most respectable knights to assist us to open the sovereign 
chapter of the Rosy Cross. We are overcome with grief ; the 
veil of the temple is rent ; the columns of masonry are broken; 
the cubical stone has sweated blood and water; the word is in 
danger of being lost, and it is almost finished. 

Most respectable Knights, let us confer with each other, and" 
trace the outlines of the word before it is too late. (They 
makeup the word I. N. R. I.) I congratulate you all, that the 
word is known. Wfrat else remains for us to do ? 

Orator. Most wise, we respect the decrees of the Most 
High, render homage to the Supreme Architect, and bend the 
knee to him from whom we derive our existence. 

The chapter rises and turns toward the east, makes the sign, 
bends forward and kneels. Then all rise up and strike seven 
with their hands, saying, Oyer. 

M. W. I declare this sovereign chapter to be assembled. 
Give notice to the candidate to present himself. 

The candidate is in the chamber of the last degree, and 
writes his name, his address, the degrees of masonry through 
which he has passed, and states his age to be thirty-three 
The master of the ceremonies conducts him to the door, and 
demands admission as a Knight of the Red Cross, which h 
swered with the report of a Rosicrucian. 

M. W. See who waits. 



120 

M. C. A candidate requests entrance to explore the myste- 
ties of this degree. 

A ballot for his admission takes place, and, if in the affirm- 
ative, the chapter gives seven plaudits, exclaiming oyer three 
times. 

M. W. Permit the candidate to enter. 

At this moment, the M. C. puts the insignia of a Rosicru- 
cian on him, and conducts him into the chapter. The mem- 
bers appear sorrowful. He presents him by acquainting the 
Most Wise, that a worthy Knight of the Red Cross requests the 
honour of obtaining the favour of being admitted to the sub- 
lime degree of a Rosicrucian. 

M. W. Worthy Knight, who are you ? 

Candidate. I am born of noble parents, and of the tribe of 
Judah. 

M. W What art do you possess ? 

N. Masonry. 

M. W. Worthy Knight, you inspire us with esteem; but 
you perceive, that sorrow abides with us. All is changed. 
The ground support of the Temple is no more. The veil is 
torn. The columns are broken. The most precious ornaments 
are taken, and the word is in danger of being lost. It may be 
recovered by your courage, and we shall certainly employ you 
in that pursuit. But you must assure us, by an obligation, that 
if you obtain the knowledge of our mysteries, you will never 
communicate them to others, unless they are qualified to re- 
ceive them. If you are willing, approach the altar, bend your 
knee to the ground, and place your right hand on the Holy 
Law, repeating the obligation after me. 

The penalty of this obligation is, to be dishonoured and ba- 
nished from all lodges, as being unworthy to form a companion- 
ship with virtuous Masons. 

M. W. Worthy Knighi. of the Red Cross, this is the last 
time I salute you as such. Henceforward, you will be digni- 
fied with greater power. The Master of the Ceremonies will 
conduct you where you are to obtain it. The columns before 
you are emblematical of the theological virtues. Imprint them 
on your mind, and let them be the foundation of your future 
welfare. Proceed now on your pilgrimage ; but remember, 
that we await your return. May it be happy, and may you 
bring with you peace and felicity. 



121 

The candidate is led to the dark chamber. Chains are rat- 
tled to intimidate him : during which he traverses it seven 
times. In the interim, the columns are taken away and the 
black cloths removed, in the sovereign chapter, which makes it 
a transition to the apartment for 

ttlE SECOND POINT. 

The candidate is brought into the chapter, and the subse- 
quent answers are dictated to him by the Master of the Ce- 
remonies. 

Q. Worthy Knight, from whence come you ? 

A. Judah. 

Q. By what place have you passed? 

A. Nazareth. 

Q. Who has conducted you ? 

A. Raphael. 

Q. Of what tribe are you ? 

A. Jivdah. 

Q. Collect the initials of the name?, 

A. I. N. R. I. 

M. W. It is the same as the inscription over the cross. It 
is the word which your zeal will render invincible, and which 
will be by you perpetuated till time shall be no more. Ad- 
vance and receive the reward due to your merit. (Advances 
and kneels.) In virtue of the power that I have received from 
the metropolitan lodge of Harodim, and in the presence of this 
august assembly of Knights, my brothers and my equals, I ad- 
mit, receive, and constitute you, at present, and for ever, a 
Knight Prince of the Eagle and of the Pelican, Perfect Mason, 
Free of Harodim, under the title of Sovereign of the Rosy 
Cross ; by which you enjoy the titles and prerogatives of 
Prince Perfect Mason, unto the sixth degree of Knight of the 
Rosy Cross, witnout being in need of our particular authority ; 
our only reservation being that of the degree you have now 
received. 

The candidate rises, ;s invested with the crimson sash and 
jewel, and is entrusted with the sign, word, <md grio. 



122 

CATECHISM 

Begins with the form of finding the word, already repeated 

Q. What is the word among us ? 

A. The secret word of the Knight of the Rosy Cross. 

Q. How did you come to the knowledge of this degree * 

A. By the three theological virtues. 

Q. Name them ? 

A. Faith, Hope, and Charity. 

Q. In what were you farther instructed ? 

A. A sign and grip. :5 io1 

Q. Give the sign and grip? 

A. Cross hands and arms and look to the east. The grip 
is made by mutually placing the hands on each shoulder, that 
the arms may cross each other. The one says pax vobis ; the 
other, holy ends. 

Q. Have you any knowledge of the Pelican ? 

A. I have, most wise. 

Q. What does it import ? 

A. A symbol of the Redeemer of the World, and of perfect 
humility. 

Q. Why does the Pelican pierce its breast with its bill? 

A. To nourish its young with its blood, and thereby to show, 
that Christ our Redeemer so loved his young and old people, 
as to save them from death, by the shedding of his blood for 
your sins and mine. 

Q. What is the aim of the Rosicrucians ? 

A. To respect the decrees of the Most High, to render ho- 
mage to the Deity. 

M. W. It is our duty, as men, to do so, more particularly 
as Masons, to bend the knee before him who gave us being. 
Master of the Ceremonies, what is the hour of the day ? 
M. C. The last hour of the day. 

M. W. Since it is so, recollect our situations as Knights of 
the liosy Cross, and retire in peace. 

The M. W. strikes seven, and the whole chapter give the 
gigti and say oyer, The sovereign chapter is closed. 

THIRD POTNT. 

point is never hela, excepi after the second , and then 



1 23 

only four times a-year. When it is held, the preceding point 
ss not closed for it. A side-board is prepared. This is co- 
vered with a table cloth, and on it are placed as many pieces 
of bread as there are Knights, and a goblet of wine. The 
paper with the sacred initials upon it is deposited upon the 
altar. Every Knight has a white wand in his hand. The M. 
W. strikes his upon the earth twice, and declares that the 
chapter is resumed. Then he leads seven times round the 
apartment, and is followed by all present, each stopping :n the 
front of the transparency, to make the sign. At the last round, 
each Knight partakes of the bread ; and, still preserving the 
form of a circle, the M. W takes the goblet, drinks out of it, 
and passes it round. When it comes to him again, he places 
it upon the altar, and the Knights give each other the grip 
The paper, with the sacred word upon it, is put into the empty 
goblet and burnt. The Knights make the sign, and the Most 
Wise xtys, 



COX SUM 


XATUM EST, 











LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



0DQ233T53Sb 



